1.1- Textbook Notes

Question 1

matter

Answer 1

anything that takes up space and has mass

Question 2

element

Answer 2

cant break down to other substances

Question 3

compound

Answer 3

substance containing 2+ elements in fixed ration (NaCl)

Question 4

emergent properties

Answer 4

compound has different chemical and physical characteristics of single elements

Question 5

essential elements

Answer 5

required for organism to survive, grow, reproduce

Question 6

trace element

Answer 6

required in small amounts

Question 7

describe chemical bonding

Answer 7

atoms with incomplete valence shells interact with others- chemical bonds to gain complete outer electron shells (stable)

Question 8

covalent bonds

Answer 8

sharing of a pair of valence electrons by 2 atoms

Question 9

molecule

Answer 9

2+ atoms held by covalent bond

Question 10

single bond

Answer 10

share 1 electron O-O

Question 11

double bond

Answer 11

share 2 electrons O=O

Question 12

bonding capacity

Answer 12

valence number to complete shell

Question 13

pure elements example

Answer 13

H2, O2

Question 14

compounds

Answer 14

combination of 2 different elements

Question 15

electronegativity

Answer 15

attraction (strong or weak) to an atom for an electron of covalent bond

Question 16

non polar covalent bond

Answer 16

same elements, electron shared = between 2 atoms with similar electronegativity

Question 17

polar covalent bond

Answer 17

not shared =, more electronegativity