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Honors Biology > 6.2 Study Guide > Flashcards

6.2 Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

Proteins are made of what elements?

A

C, H, O, N, (S)

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2
Q

Nucleic Acids are made of what elements?

A

C, H, O, N, P

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3
Q

Proteins are made by connecting smaller molecules (monomers) called?

A

Amino Acids

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4
Q

Nucleic Acids are made by connecting smaller molecules (monomers) called?

A

Nucleotides

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5
Q

What are four examples of Proteins

A

Enzymes, Hormones, Antibodies, Structural Proteins

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6
Q

What are two examples of Nucleic Acids?

A

DNA and RNA

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7
Q

What is the function of Proteins that are Enzymes?

A

Catalyze Chemical Reactions

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8
Q

What is the function of Proteins that are Hormones?

A

Messengers

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9
Q

What is the function of Proteins that are Antibodies?

A

Protect against disease and pathogens

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10
Q

What is the function of Proteins that are Structural Proteins?

A

Give cells their shape

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11
Q

What is the function of Nucleic Acids that are DNA?

A

Hold instructions to make proteins

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12
Q

What is the function of Nucleic Acids that are RNA?

A

Aid in Protein Synthesis

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13
Q

Carbohydrates are made of what elements?

A

C, H, O

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14
Q

Lipids are made of what elements?

A

C, H, O

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15
Q

Carbohydrates are made by connecting smaller molecules (monomers) called?

A

Monosaccharides

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16
Q

Lipids are made by connection smaller molecules (monomers) called?

A

Fatty Acids

17
Q

What are four examples of Carbohydrates?

A

Glucose, Starch, Glycogen and Cellulose

18
Q

What are four examples of Lipids?

A

Triglycerides, Phospholipids, Steroids, Cholesterol

19
Q

What is the function of Carbohydrates that are Glucose?

A

Primary source of energy

20
Q

What is the function of Carbohydrates that are Starch and Glycogen?

A

Storage of simple sugars

21
Q

What is the function of Carbohydrates that are Cellulose?

A

Build plant walls

22
Q

What is the function of Lipids that are Triglycerides?

A

Long term energy storage, insulate and protect organs

23
Q

What is the function of Lipids that are Phospholipids?

A

Make cell membranes

24
Q

What is the function of Lipids that are Steroids and Cholesterol?

A

Molecular Messengers

25
Q

What do Carbohydrates and Lipids have in common?

A

Elements that make them up (C, H, O) and they both store energy

26
Q

How are Carbohydrates and Lipids different?

A

Carbs have higher O:H ratio; Lipds have lots more H; Carbs are a primary source of energy and Lipids are for long term energy storage; Carbs function include building cell walls and Lipids functions include forming cell membranes and being molecular messengers

27
Q

How is the function of nucleic acids tied to proteins?

A

Proteins are built using the code in DNA - the process of making the proteins is done by RNA

28
Q

Give two carbohydrate monomer (monosaccharide) examples?

A

Glucose and Fructose

29
Q

Given two examples of a protein monomer (amino acid)?

A

Arginine, Leucine

30
Q

What is the nucleic acid monomer (nucleotide)?

A

Sugar - Phosphate - Base in combination

31
Q

Give two examples of the lipid monomer (fatty acid)?

A

Saturated Fatty Acid and Unsaturated Fatty Acid

32
Q

Which functional groups are found in monosaccharides?

A

Carbonyl, Hydroxyl

33
Q

What functional groups are found in amino acids?

A

Amino, Carboxyl

34
Q

What functional groups are found in nucleotides?

A

Hydroxyl, Amino, Phosphate

35
Q

What functional groups are found in fatty acids?

A

Carboxyl

36
Q

What two monomer groups of biomolecules have Carboxyl functional groups?

A

Amino Acids and Fatty Acids

37
Q

What two monomer groups of biomolecules have Hydroxyl functional groups?

A

Monosaccharides and Nucleotides

Honors Biology (19 decks)

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