2.3 Flash Cards

Question 1

What Factors affect population growth rates?

Answer 1

1. Sex Ratio (# females vs # males)
2. Age Structure (# of females at reproductive age in the cohort)
3. Generation Time (age at which females reproduce)

Question 2

What is the Sex Ratio?

Answer 2

The number of females vs the number of males in a population

Question 3

What is Age Structure?

Answer 3

The number of females at reproductive age in a population

Question 4

What is Generation Time?

Answer 4

The age at which females reproduce in a population

Question 5

What concerns are there with human population growth?

Answer 5

1. Increased extraction of resources from the environment
2. Burning of fossil fuels
3. Increased use of fresh water
4. Increased ecological impact (destruction of forests, etc)
5. Increased fishing and hunting
6. Spread of Invasive species
7. Transmission of diseases

Question 6

How many stages of demographic transition are there?

Answer 6

Five

Question 7

Stage One of Demographic Transition

Answer 7

Birth Rate - High
Death Rate- High
Natural Increase- Stable or Slow Increase
Population Pyramid- Curves inward with a point at the top

Question 8

Stage Two of Demographic Transition

Answer 8

Birth Rate- High
Death Rate- Falls Rapidly
Natural Increase- Rapid Increase
Population Pyramid- Equilateral triangle shape

Question 9

Stage Three of Demographic Transition

Answer 9

Birth Rate- Falling
Death Rate- Falls more slowly
Natural Increase- Increase slows down
Population Pyramid- Equilateral triangle with a rectangle as the base

Question 10

Stage Four of Demographic Transition

Answer 10

Birth Rate- Low
Death Rate- Low
Natural Increase- Falling then stable
Population Pyramid- Fingernail shaped

Question 11

Stage Five of Demographic Transition

Answer 11

Birth Rate- Yet to be seen (Possibly falling further, possibly rising again)
Death Rate- Low
Natural Increase- Little Change
Population Pyramid- Fingernail shaped with a flared base

Question 12

What type of programs would lead a Population from Stage 1 to Stage 4 of Demographic Transition?

Answer 12

1. Education
2. Women Empowerment
3. Labor Market
4. Family Planning
5. Maternal and Child Health

Question 13

Population Growth Formula

Answer 13

[(birth-death) / (population size)] * 100

Question 14

What sex is more important when predicting off-spring?

Answer 14

Female

Question 15

What will happen to resources with a bigger population size?

Answer 15

Resources will be deplenished

Question 16

Are the births even or uneven when comparing developed and under developed countries?

Answer 16

Births are not even; 90% are in developed countries

Question 17

If there are more females in a population then the size of the population will..

Answer 17

Grow faster compared to populations for fewer females and more males

Question 18

What does a shorter generation gap mean for population growth?

Answer 18

Faster population growth

Question 19

Demographic Transition

Answer 19

Describes the changes in population size, the structure caused by changes in birth rate, death rate and by migration

Question 20

Urbanization?

Answer 20

The increase in the proportion of people living in towns and cities vs rural areas

Question 21

Birth Rate?

Answer 21

The number of births per thousand per year

Question 22

Death Rate?

Answer 22

The number of deaths per thousand per year

Question 23

Growth Rate?

Answer 23

The rate or speed at which the number of organisms in a population increase/ decreases

Question 24

Infant Mortality and importance as a demographic stat?

Answer 24

The death of a baby that occurs between the time of birth and one year. It is used as a measure of the health and wellness of a community.

Question 25

Average Income meaning?

Answer 25

The income that is earned by a person in a given area for a given period of time.

Question 26

How can an age structure diagram be used to predict population growth by shape?

Answer 26

Curves inward with a point at the top - Rapid Growth
Equilateral Triangle Shape - Slow Growth
Equilateral Triangle with Rectangle as the base - Slow Growth/ Stabilizing
Fingernail Shape- Stable
Fingernail Shape with flair at base - Declining

Question 27

What is GDP and why is it important as a demographic stat?

Answer 27

Gross Domestic Product ; it is an indicator of how healthy the economy is and generally the access to resources the population has

Question 28

What is the ecological footprint and why is it an important demographic stat?

Answer 28

The available land and sea needed to provide the renewable resources ad population uses and the waste it produces. It is a measure of how sustainable a population lifestyle is in a given area and generally Earth’s biocapacity.

Question 29

As a country develops, what are some positive changes that happen for people living there?

Answer 29

Better health care and increased life expectancy, better technology and education

Question 30

As a country develops, what are some negative effects on the environment?

Answer 30

Overconsumption, overpopulation, pollution, burning fossil fuels, deforestation

Question 31

How is population growth different between developed and developing countries?

Answer 31

The population in developed countries is generally more stable or shows a decline in growth rate. The population in developing countries is growing and the growth rate is larger.

Question 32

How is resource use different between developed and developing countries?

Answer 32

Developed countries have much higher levels of resource consumption compared to Developing countries due to larger economies, higher standard of living and industrialization.

Question 33

As a country develops, what are some positive changes that happen to the people living their?

Answer 33

As a country develops it gains better healthcare and increased life expectancy, as well as better technology. In the table, the more developed country’s (the US and Germany) have higher life expectancies with the US at 77 years and Germany at 81 years While, in developing countries (Mozambique) has a life expectancy of 60 years. This shows that more developed countries have the medical technology and healthcare to have a high life expectancy unlike developing countries, as they do not have all of the resources to be able to have high life expectancy.