5. Immunopathology Flashcards
antigen
toxin or foreign substance that induces an immune response in the body
antibody
a blood protein hat is produced in response to counteracting a specific antigen
plasma cell
WBC that produces a single type of antibody
immune complex
when a antibody binds to an antigen, it elicits an immune response to fight off the infection/disease
opsonisation
process where opsonins make the invading microorganism more susceptible to phagocytosis
examples of external barriers
skin, cilia, mucous, ear wax etc
examples of internal barriers
inflammation, complement, phagocytes, interferons, NKC etc
specific immunity
creates memories
roles in specific immunity: lymphoid organs
primary (thymus and bone marrow) and peripheral (spleen, tonsils, lymphatic system, adenoids etc)
B and T cells are produced here before they migrate toe h peripheral lymphoid organs
where are B and T cells originate and mature?
both originate in the bone marrow
B cells stay and mature in bone marrow
T cells mature in the thymus
roles in specific immunity: macrophages
process and present antigen to T cells
roles in specific immunity: antibodies
(immunoglobulins)
synthesised and produced by plasma cells
IgA
secreted in breast milk, mucus, tears, and other body secretions
IgE
bind specifically to mast cells
IgG
crosses the placenta, characteristics of seocndary immune response
IgM
characteristic of primary Ab immune response
IgD (just know that there is one)
lololol nothing GO BLUE
histocompatibility
important in transplantation, immune responses and disease susceptibility/protein
what classes of MHC are found where
class I MHC - all cells class II MHC - phagocytes
humoral immune response (antibody mediated)
final product is MAC (membrane attack complex)
cell mediated immune response
kills off virally infected cells and cancer cells
cytotoxic t cells, NK cells and macrophages
hypersensitivity reactions: type 1
immediate, allergic reactions (anaphyaxis)
hypersensitivity reactions: type 2
Ab-dependent cytotoxicity and or complement dependent cytotoxicity
hypersensitivity reactions: type 3
immune complex (rheumatoid arthritis)
