15. Respiratory Diseases: chronic bronchitis Flashcards

1
Q

productive cough

A

coughing, sudden, repetitive, clears passageway (3 months for consecutive 2 years)

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2
Q

pulmonary hypertension

A

increase in BP in the pulmonary artery, vein, or capillaries

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3
Q

cor pulmonale

A

abnormal enlargement of the right side of the heart as a result of disease of the lungs or the pulmonary blood vessels

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4
Q

respiratory acidosis

A

reduced gas exchange in the lungs

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5
Q

protease

A

an enzyme that breaks down proteins and peptides

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6
Q

antiprotease

A

inhibits the enzymatic activity of a protease

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7
Q

atopy

A

immediate allergy –> only minutes after contact

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8
Q

chronic bronchitis

A

excess production of mucus in airways cause a productive cough

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9
Q

aetiology of chronic bronchitis

A

constant exposure of the airways to irritants, causing inflammation

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10
Q

pathogenesis of chronic bronchitis (small and large airways)

A

(small airways)
- hyperplasia of goblet cells, increased secretion of mucus, hyperplasia of smooth muscle, inflammatory reaction

(large airways)
- increase size and number of submucosal glands, increase secretion of mucus, hyperplasia of smooth muscle, inflammatory reaction

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11
Q

complications of chronic bronchitis

A
  • obstruction to airflow, mucus vs. cilia, pulmonary HT, community, nosocomial, respiratory, inflammatory infections
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12
Q

comorbidities of COPD

A

CV disease, cancer, osteoporosis

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13
Q

aetiology of COPD

A

lack of O2, ischaemia, lack of exercise, increase inflammation, best rest

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