12. Stroke

Question 1

difference between TIA and stroke

Answer 1

TIA is small, lasts for 1-24 hours (caused by disruption to blood supply to the brain)

Question 2

stroke

Answer 2

acute focal neurlogical deficit

Question 3

cause of stroke

Answer 3

disruption to blood supply

Question 4

embolic stroke

Answer 4

stroke due to cerebral embolism

Question 5

aetiology of ischaemic strokes (2)

Answer 5

1. atheroma and thrombosis

2. embolism

Question 6

aetiology of haemorrhage stroke (2)

Answer 6

1. intracerebral haemorrhage (HT, aneurysm)

2. subarachnoid haemorrhage – ruptured berry aneurysms

Question 7

effects of intracerebral haemorrhage stroke

Answer 7

immediate: pressure on brain tissue, vessel breakage, loss of blood to brain
delayed: oedema and inflammation

Question 8

effects of subarachnoid haemorrhage

Answer 8

immediate: loss of blood flow to brain, pressure against brain
delayed: rebleed, cerebral vasospasm

Question 9

cryptogenic strokes aetiology

Answer 9

unknown cause

Question 10

cause of death from all strokes (5)

Answer 10

1. pneumonia
2. cardiovascular
3. septicaemia
4. transtentorial herniation
5. pulmonary embolism