Chapter 27 - Walking into Freedom Land: The Civil Rights Movement, 1941-1973 Flashcards
rights liberalism
the notion that individuals require state protection from discrimination
Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)
civil rights organization that organized a series of Freedom Rides on interstate bus lines throughout the South to call attention to violations of Supreme Court rulings against segregation in interstate commerce
Jim Crow
system of racial segregation in the South that lasted from after the Civil War to the 1960s
Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters
prominent black trade union of railroad car porters working for the Pullman Company
double v campaign
notion that African Americans were fighting against fascism abroad and racism at home during WWII
“To Secure These Rights”
1947 report by the Presidential Committee on Civil Rights that called for robust federal action to ensure equality for African Americans
States’ Rights Democratic Party
breakaway party of white Democrats from the South formed for the 1948 election - shed light on internal struggle between liberal wing of the party and southern white Democrats
American GI Forum
group founded by WWII veterans in Corpus Christi, Texas in 1948 to protest the poor treatment of Mexican American soldiers and veterans
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954)
Supreme Court decision that overturned the “separate but equal” doctrine
Montgomery Bus Boycott
yearlong boycott of Montgomery’s segregated bus system in 1955-1956 by the city’s African American population
Southern Christian Leadership Conference
1957 meeting of MLK and other civil rights leaders to coordinate civil rights activity in the South
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
student civil rights group formed to organize sit-ins like those in Greensboro
March on Washington
August 28, 1963 march by 250,000 people to the Lincoln Memorial to demand that Congress end Jim Crow and launch a major jobs program to bring needed employment to black communities
Civil Rights Act of 1964
outlawed discrimination in employment on the basis of race, religion, national origin, and sex; guaranteed access to public accommodations and schools
Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party
party founded in Mississippi during the Freedom Summer of 1964
Voting Rights Act of 1965
outlawed literacy tests and other devices that prevented African Americans from registering to vote
black nationalism
major strain of African American thought that emphasized black racial pride and autonomy
Nation of Islam
religion founded in U.S. that became a leading source of black nationalist thought in the 1960s
Black Panther Party
militant organization dedicated to protecting African Americans from police violence
Young Lords Organization
group that sought self-determination for Puerto Ricans
United Farm Workers
union of farmworkers founded in 1962 by Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huerta that sought to empower Mexican-American migrant farmworkers who faced discrimination and exploitative conditions
American Indian Movement
organization established in 1968 to address problems Indians faced in American cities, including poverty and police harassment
A. Philip Randolph
a leader in the Civil Rights Movement who organized and led the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters
James Farmer
civil rights leader who advocated for nonviolence
Cesar Chavez
civil rights leader for migrant farm workers
Dolores Huerta
labor leader and civil rights activist
Thurgood Marshall
first African American justice on the Supreme Court
Rosa Parks
civil rights leader famous for her refusing to give up her seat to a white man on the bus
Martin Luther King Jr.
minister, activist, nonviolent civil rights leader
Malcolm X
Muslim minister and violent civil rights activist
Stokely Carmichael
civil rights and pan-African activist
