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Fast facts and recaps > 4/3 > Flashcards

4/3 Flashcards

1
Q

bilateral loss of dexterity

A

degenerative cervical myelopathy

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2
Q

sick euthyroid - Ix

A

normal or low TSH
low T4/T3

common in hosp patients

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3
Q

steroid therapy - Ix

A

low TSH

normal T4

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4
Q

breathing in DKA

A

kussmaul’s - deep and laboured

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5
Q

DKA - blood results

A

hyponatraemia
hypokalaemia
low bicarb

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6
Q

UMN sx - ipsi or contralateral

A

contralateral

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7
Q

type 4 RTA causes

A

hyperkalaemia

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8
Q

symptoms of anastomotic leak

A

general sepsis
peritonitis - guarding
abdo pain
fever

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9
Q

anastomotic leak - Ix

A

CT abdo

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10
Q

incubation period of staph

A

1-6hrs

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11
Q

incubation period of campylobacter

A

48-72hrs

non-bloody diarrhoea

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12
Q

incubation period salmonella

A

16-48hrs

eggs

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13
Q

incubation period e.coli

A

12-24hrs
travellers
bloody diarrhoea

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14
Q

e.g. loop diuretics

A

bumetanide

furosemide

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15
Q

autonomic dysreflexia

  • what
  • cause
  • present
  • comp
  • mx
A

what - injury T6 and above
cause - faecal or urianry retention
present - extreme HTN, flushing, sweating above level of lesion
comp - heamorrhagic stroke
mx - remove stimulus and treat LT HTN and bradycardia

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16
Q

mx acutre intermittent porphyria

A

Iv haem arginate

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17
Q

lithuim causes

A

nephrogenic diabeties insipidus

18
Q

nn suppling ant and lat thigh

A

lat cutaneous nn thigh

19
Q

femoral nn injury presentation

A

weak hip flexion
weak knee extension
impaired quadriceps tendon reflex

20
Q

multiple myeloma - skull xray

A

raindrop lesions

21
Q

ALP raised in

A

paget’s disease

22
Q

multiple myelopma - CRAB

A

Calcium raised
renal failure
anaemia
bone lesions

23
Q

when is rhythm controlled first line in AF

A

HF
reversible cause
co-morbidity
new onset (<48hrs)

24
Q

cerebellar syndrome - symptoms

A 
DANISH
dysdiadochokinesis
ataxia
nystagmus
intention tremor
slurred speech
hypotonia
25
Q

causes - cerebellar syndrome

A

carbamezpaine

26
Q

mx - malignant htn

A

iv labetalol

27
Q

nimodipine in SAH

A

prevent vasospasm

28
Q

normal ECG and K+<6 mx

A

calcium resonate

29
Q

BDZ overdose mx

A

flumazenil

30
Q

TCA overdose mx

A

sodium bicarbonate

31
Q

lifestyle mx of hyperthyroidism

A

avoid caffiene

32
Q

hyperthyroid eye symptoms

A

lid lag - lid normal except when looks down, the one that lags won’t come down

33
Q

joints - hyperthyroidism

A

thyroid acropachy -soft tissue swelling

- Grave’s!

34
Q

signs - hyperthyroidism

A 
HTN
sinus tachy/ AF
hyer-reflexia
warm peripheries - sweaty, flushed
prox weakness - quads, difficulty getting out of chair with arms crossed
35
Q

Ix - lump in neck

A 
exams
bloods, ab
CT of neck - single lobe vs bilaterally 
- insufficient - technectium scan - r/o depending on uptake - rarely done
FNAC if ?Cancer
36
Q

mx - hyperthyroidism

A

bblock - propanolol if symptomatic

1) carbimazole - uptitrate drug, review in 4-8weeks and can increase
- given for 12-18 months, decrease dose once sx controlled
- safety net agranulocytosis - risk of infection and come back if sore throat or fever
2) propylthiouracil - severe liver disease, rarely used
3) drugs not work - radioactive iodine therapy EXC grave’s/ pregnant women
- avoid children for 3 weeks and not get pregnant for 6M
4) surgery - total or sub total
- post-op comp - haematoma (get a suture remover quickly), hypothyroidism, hypocalcaemia, vocal cord paralysis

rarely use block and replace

37
Q

psoriasis - ask about

A

joint pain
scalp problems
skin changes - scaly, silvery, plaque, raised, erythematous base

38
Q

mx psoriatic arthritis

A 
avoid smoking, drinking
exercise
1 joint - NSAIDs, +- steroid injections
dmards - methotrexate, leflunomide, sulfasalazine
anti-TNF
ustekinumab - MAB12/23
39
Q

insulin s.c. or IM

A

s.c.

40
Q

mx dka

A

1- 1L 0.9% over 1hr if SBP>90, bolus if <90
2 - fixed rate insulin 0.1units/kg/hr - once 14 add 5%-10% dextrose
- VBG
3 - 1L over 2hrs K + if <5.4
4 - 1L over 1hrs
5 - 1L over 4hrs

assess every 4-6hrs - blood sugars

once eating and drinking - s.c. insulin

41
Q

counselling dm

A

basal bolus regime
se insulin - wt gain and so carb count to prevent (DAPHNE)
normally - check bms every 2 days four times, morning should be 5-7, before meals 4-7, after meals 5-9
lipohypertrophy - vary site
insulin resistance - we may have to increase insulin due to getting use to it
sick day rule - get advise, monitor bms more frequently, drink more fluids, add metformin with heavier bmi, sugary drinks if not eating, monitor every 3-4hrs even over night

Fast facts and recaps (39 decks)

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