21/2 Flashcards
causes of a normal anionn gap - metabolic acidosis
GI bicarb loss - diarrhoea, ureterosigmoidoscopy, fistula RTA drugs e.g. acetazolamide ammonium chloride injection addison's
causes of a raised anion gap - metabolic acidosis
lactate - shock, hypoxia dka, alcohol - ketones urate - renal failure acid poisoning - salicyaltes, methanol 5-oxoproline - chronic paracetamol use
deterioration in patients with hep B
?HCC
prophylaxis for oesophageal bleeding
propanolol
legionella pneumonia - presentation
flu-like dry cough relative bradycardia confusion hyponatraemia
UC - presentation
insidous, intermittent bloody diarrhoea urgency tenesmus abdo pain - LLQ extra-intestinal features
most common cause of SBP
e.coli
Mx - SBP
IV cefotaxime
acute pericarditis - features
pericardial rub
chest pain - pleuritic, relieved by sitting forward
non productive cough, dyspnoea, flu-like
tachypnoea, tachycardia
prophylaxis - SBP
one episosde, fluid protein <15 and child-pugh score of 9 or more, hepatorenal syndrome
give ciprofloxacin or norfloxacin
if patient had 5 doses of tetanus vaccine, with last dose <10yrs ago - mx
supportive
regardless of severity of wound
acute haemolytic reactions are the result of
RBC destruction by IgM-type Ab
how long should men be treated for for a UTI
7 days
acute asthma - mx
oxygen salb neb ipratropium neb hyodrocortison IV or oral pred magnesium sulphate IV aminopylline/ IV salb
Dx Ms
hx/ exam
periventricular white matter lesions - MRI
oligocloncal bands - CsF
