2/3 Flashcards
dabigagran
- MOA
- excretion
- reversal
MOA - direct thrombin inhibitor
excretion - renal
reversal - prothrombin complex concentrate
rivaroxaban
- MOA
- excretion
- reversal
MOA - direct factor Xa inhibitor
excretion - liver
reversal - prothrombin complex concentrate
apixaban
- MOA
- excretion
- reversal
MOA - direct factor Xa inhibitor
excretion - faecal
reversal - prothrombin complex concentrate
met bone pain responds to
bisphosphonates
radiotherapy
analgesia
condition associated with gallstones
crohn’s - terminal ileitis
Mx sigmoid volvulus
flexi sigmoidoscopy
bowel obstruction + peritonitis - urgent midline laparotomy
causes of third heart sound
normal if <30yrs
LVF e.g. dilated cardiomyopathy, constrictive pericarditis, mitral regurg
causes of fourth heart sound
As, HOCM, HTN
- caused by atrial contraction against a stiff valve
primary hyperaldosteronism - Ix
plasma aldosterone:renin ratio
high-res CT abdo and adrenal vein sampling - uni or biilateral
Mx of EDH
parietotemporal craniotomy
inferior MI and AR murmur…
?ascending aora dissection
symptoms of acuter digoxin toxicity
GI disturbance, dizziness, confusion, blurry/ yellow vision, arrhythmia
example of calcimimetic drug
cinacalet
CD - induce remission
- 1st
- 2nd
- refractory
1st - glucocorticoids - oral, topical, IV
2nd line - 5-AsA
refractory - infliximab
CD - maintaining remission
stop smoking
1st - azathioprine or mercaptopurine
- check TPMT activity
2nd - methotrexate
Mx - urinary oxalate stones
cholestyramine
calcium stone - mx
thiazide diuretic
cubital tunnel syndrome - features
compression of ulnar nn
tingling in 4th/5th finger
worse when elbow resting or bent
later - numb 4th/5th finger
example of chemotherapy agents
cyclophosphamide and vincristine
main constituent of cryoprecipitate is
factor VIII
UC - inducing remission
proctitis - topical aminosalicylate (+ oral corticosteroid)
proctosigmoiditis and L sided UC - topical aminosalicylate (+ oral amino, oral cortico)
extensive - topical amino, high-dose oral amino
severe - hosp, IV steroids
UC - maintaining remission
proctitis and proctosigmoiditis - topical amino or oral amino + topical amino or + oral amino alone
L sided and extensive - low maintenance dose oral amino
severe relapse/ 2 or more exacerbation/yr - oral azathioprine or oral mercaptopurine
ITP mx
oral pred
splenectomy if plt <30 after 3 months of pred
IVIg
cyclophosphamide
renal stone - mx
<2cm - lithotripsy
<2cm + preg - ureteroscopy
complex/ staghorn - perc nephrolithotomy
<5mm - expectant
