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4/26 Flashcards

1
Q

tumor associated with myasthenia gravis

A

thymoma

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2
Q

retinal hemorrhages in kids

A

abuse

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3
Q

cofactors required for PTH synthesis

A

magnesium and vitamin A, in case of hypomag, patient will have low PTH and low calcium

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4
Q

treatment of acute gout attack

A

NSAIDs then colchicine

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5
Q

when to treat with acyclovir in pregnancy

A

only with active lesions - can give prophylactic dose at 36 weeks

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6
Q

cause of urinary stasis in pregnancy

A

progesterone relaxes the ureter

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7
Q

overdose with horizontal nystagmus

A

PCP

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8
Q

next step with discoloration in torsion or incarceration

A

surgery, don’t wait for imaging

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9
Q

elevated lab value in sarcoid

A

calcium

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10
Q

fussy and irritable in child after surgery

A

likely in pain

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11
Q

OCPs decrease risk of what cancers

A

endometrial/ovarian

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12
Q

A-a gradient formula

A

150-0.8/CO2

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13
Q

alternative for doxy in lyme

A

amox

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14
Q

digoxin and potassium

A

low potassium worsens digoxin toxicity

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15
Q

treatment for organophosphate poisoning

A

atropine

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16
Q

most common causes of CAP

A

h flu and s pneumo

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17
Q

gentamicin causes what kidney problem

A

ATN

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18
Q

plethysmography

A

for LFTs

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19
Q

voices in berevement

A

may hear voices of the dead but not from the living

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20
Q

serpiginous skin tracts

A

cutaneous larva migrans

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21
Q

muscles in achalasis

A

tightened LES but decreased peristalsis

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22
Q

location of occlusion causing rest pain

A

femoral-popliteal vessels

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23
Q

immediate treatment of AAA rupture

A

beta blockers to lower cardiac contractility

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24
Q

steps in pituitary microadenoma

A

bromocriptine first followed by surgery if refractory

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25
Q

auditory hallucinations are specific for…

A

schizophrenia

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26
Q

treatment of small penumothorax

A

100% oxygen, dont need to treat less than 20%

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27
Q

treatment of neurological deficits due to mets

A

radiation to decrease spinal compression

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28
Q

contraindication to alpha blocker in BPH

A

hypotension

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29
Q

hypertrophic osteoarthropathy

A

in bronchogenic carcinoma

30
Q

electrolyte abnormalities in adrenal isufficiency

A

hyponatremia and hyperkalemia

31
Q

best test for diabetic nephropathy

A

urine creatinine/microalbumin ratio

32
Q

when tocolytics should stop being used

A

34 weeks - outweigh the risks of preterm delviery

33
Q

dermal blisters on hands in hep c

A

porphyria cutanea tarda

34
Q

erythema toxicum neonatrum

A

scattered pustules and papules in newborn, benign

35
Q

normal height/weight gain at one year

A

weight triples, height up 50%

36
Q

rule out test for suspected learning disability

A

hearing test

37
Q

most common cause of thrombocytopenia in lupus

A

autoimmune destruction

38
Q

risk factors for MS

A

cold climate and low vitamin D levels

39
Q

presbyopia

A

loss of elasticity in lens over time

40
Q

loss of pain in temp in brown sequard

A

contralateral to side of lesion, tend to occur 1-2 levels down

41
Q

pronator drift is sign of…

A

UMN lesion of pyramidal/corticospinal tract lesion, causes more weakness in the supinator muscles

42
Q

positive urine bilirubin

A

results from buildup of conjugated bilirubin in blood that isnt degraded in the intestines

43
Q

elevated urobilinogen

A

caused by buildup of unconjugated bilirubin

44
Q

rouleaux formation

A

multiple myeloma

45
Q

post void dribbling with vaginal wall mass

A

urethral diverticulum

46
Q

treatment of bell’s palsy

A

glucocorticoids (even though it may be caused by a virus)

47
Q

risk factor for cervical cancer

A

smoking, OCPs

48
Q

important screen before starting antidpressant

A

mania

49
Q

preferred anticoagulation in renal disease

A

unfractionated heparin

50
Q

opioid vs benzo over dose

A

benzo has normal pupil and no respiratory depression

51
Q

most likely secondary complication of HSP

A

intussusception, due to intestinal edema and bleeding

52
Q

labs in cholestasis of pregnancy

A

high LFTs and bile acids - severe itching on palms and soles

53
Q

elevated total bile acids salts in pregnancy

A

cholestasis of pregnancy - treat with ursodeoxycholic acid

54
Q

tetanus toxoid inhibits ….. release

A

GABA/glycine - blocks release of inhibitory neurotransmitters

55
Q

mixed cryo is associated with…

A

hep C and SLE

56
Q

diamond blackfan anemia

A

pure red cell aplasia, macrocytic anemia, triphalangeal thumbs

57
Q

triphalangeal thumbs

A

diamond blackfan anemia

58
Q

earliest manifestation of vaso-occlusion in sickle cell disease

A

dactylitis - always bilateral

59
Q

vaso-occlusive vs osteo in sickle cell

A

many sites vs one site

60
Q

when to only anoscopy for anal bleeding

A

less than 40 y/o

61
Q

elevated LFTs in TB treatment

A

if healthy and mildly elevated, do nothing

- careful in liver disease/alcohol use

62
Q

findings in pinealoma

A

limitation of upward gaze, eyelid retraction and light-near dissociation

63
Q

how do vagal maneuvers stop reentrant tachys

A

block the AV node

64
Q

how long should malaria prophylaxis be continued for

A

4 weeks after return

65
Q

treatment for early parkinson’s patients with tremor

A

trihexyphenidyl (anticholinergic)

66
Q

how polysaccharides vaccines work

A

mostly T cell dependent mechanism

67
Q

mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate in lamina propria

A

microscopic colitis - also thickened subepithelial collagen band

68
Q

microscopic colitis is associated with…

A

NSAIDs, PPIs, smoking, autoimmune disorders

69
Q

overuse pain in medial knee

A

pes anserinus

70
Q

components of Howell Jolly bodies

A

RBC nuclear remnants

71
Q

components in basophilic stipling

A

precipitation of rRNA

72
Q

rare finding in pseudogout

A

chondrocalcinosis

Step 2 (28 decks)

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