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4/24 Flashcards

1
Q

treatment of hypercalcemia in metastatic bone disease

A

bisphosphonates

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2
Q

basis of normal stress response

A

no change in functionality

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3
Q

pathway for psych dopamine neurons

A

mesolimbic

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4
Q

adult stills disease

A

recurrent fevers, joint pains and rash

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5
Q

immune response in endocarditis

A

can have positive RF factor and high ESR

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6
Q

uterus with multiple small cysts

A

trophoblastic disease

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7
Q

most common arrhythmia in cardiac arrest

A

vfib - reentrant ventricular arrhythmia

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8
Q

fetal anemia on heart tracing

A

sinusoidal pattern

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9
Q

bartonella vs pasturella

A 
bartonella = cat scratch - skin findings with lymphadenopathy
pasteurella = cat bite - cellulitis
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10
Q

location of blasto and special aspects

A

mississippi and ohio river basins - skin lesions and lytic bone lesions

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11
Q

age of diagnosis of CVID

A

25-40

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12
Q

mutation in polycythemia vera

A

JAK2

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13
Q

when symptoms occur in aortic stenosis

A

less than 1.0cm area

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14
Q

why is septic arthritis more common in RA

A

due to joint deformities

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15
Q

high hormone in non-functioning pituitary adenoma

A

prolactin - not inhibited

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16
Q

large, hard liver with occult stool blood

A

could be liver metastases, in alcoholics, liver is shrunken and cirrhotic

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17
Q

acid-base disorder in aspirin tox

A

metabolic acidosis and respiratory alkalosis

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18
Q

vessels involved in fibromuscular dysplasi

A

carotid and renal arteries

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19
Q

treatment of stye

A

warm compresses

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20
Q

treatment of pregnant women with previous herpes infection

A

acyclovir at 36 weeks

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21
Q

treatment of true wound dehiscence

A

emergent surgery - skin dehiscence can be treated with wet-to dry or vacuum

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22
Q

option for psych patients that are non-adherent

A

long acting injectables

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23
Q

key finding in inevitable aborition

A

cervical dilation

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24
Q

age distribution of type 1 diabetes

A

4-6 then 10-14

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25
Q

hcg can mimic….

A

TSH, can have hyperthyroidism in molar pregnancy

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26
Q

risk for vaginal candidiasis

A

pregnancy, immunosuppression or diabetes

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27
Q

chlamydia vs gonoccocal urethritis

A

gonoccocal - 1-3 days and purulent

chlamydia - 5-14 days and non-purulent, nor prevented by erythromycin

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28
Q

STI mostly likely to show no gram staining

A

chlamydia (gonorrhea usually does)

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29
Q

high hematocrit and low glucose in newborn

A

polycythemia

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30
Q

meningitis in kids older than 1 month

A

neisseria or s pneumo

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31
Q

treatment of GBS

A

IVIG - steroids do not work

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32
Q

third most common cause of pancreatitis

A

hypertriglyceridemia

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33
Q

ichthyosis vulgaris

A

diffuse dermal scaling

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34
Q

high creatinine and low urine sodium in liver disease

A

hepatorenal syndrome

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35
Q

timeline for tick borne infection

A

must be on for at least 48-72 hours

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36
Q

eye problems in NF1

A

optic gliomas

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37
Q

most common reason for stent thrombus

A

medication non-compliance of dual platelet therapy

38
Q

specific cell in interstitial nephritis

A

urine eosinophils

39
Q

treatment of arsenic poisoning

A

dimercaprol

40
Q

lead tox vs arsenic tox

A 
lead = more GI
arsenic = more skin
41
Q

necessary treatment of emphysematous cholecystitis

A

emergent lap chole

42
Q

calcium/phos in pagets disease

A

normal, elevated alk phos due to bone turnover

43
Q

psych complication in MS

A

depression

44
Q

CN 6 fibers most susceptible to ischemia

A

inner, somatic, down and out gaze

45
Q

treatment of women with PCOS that wants baby

A

clomiphene citrate (blocks estrogen feedback, allowing FSH/LH secretion)

46
Q

bedwetting is normal before age ___

A

5

47
Q

major hormone issue in refeeding syndrome

A

insulin, drive potassium into cell (and phosphorus and mag)

48
Q

timeline of HIT

A

usually 5-10 days after heparin started

49
Q

treatment of lead poisoning

A

calcium disodium EDTA

50
Q

triad in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

A

hemolysis, cytopenias, hypercoagulable state

51
Q

negative progesterone withdrawal test

A

due to damage of the endometrium, likely secondary to surgery

52
Q

associated with REM sleep disorder

A

Lewy body dementia or Parkinsons

53
Q

treatment of polymyositis

A

steroids

54
Q

PTHrP

A

due to squamous cell carcinoma SCa++ous cell

55
Q

malodorous vaginal discharge

A

BV

56
Q

symmetric congenital defects are usually caused by…

A

congenital defects (asymmetric are caused by placental insufficiency)

57
Q

bilateral diffuse interstitial infiltrates in immunocompromised

A

PCP pneumonia

58
Q

paranoid vs delusions

A

delusions - specific, no other diagnosis, funcitonal

paranoid - pervasive distrust, always present

59
Q

treatment of narcolepsy

A

modafinil

60
Q

pleural effusion lung sounds

A

decreased tactile fremitus, dull to percussion

61
Q

euthyroid sick syndrome

A

low T3, others normal - due to decreased peripheral conversion of T4 to T3

62
Q

thyroid test in acutely ill

A

interpret with caution

63
Q

treatment of leg DVT with contraindication to thrombolytics

A

IVC filter

64
Q

phenytoin can cause ______ deficiency

A

folate due to impaired uptake in jejunum

65
Q

low calcium and high PTH

A

low vitamin D or chronic kidney disease

66
Q

longitudinal splitting of glomerular basement membrane

A

Alport syndrome - mutation of type 4 collagen

67
Q

neuro symptoms after brain aneurysm repair

A

rebleeding early

vasospasm and infarction in day 3-10 (prevent with CCB)

68
Q

acute joint pain after working in day care center

A

parvovirus

69
Q

cause of obstruction in tension pneumo

A

crushing of VC, does not cause elevated left heart pressures

70
Q

HPV in child should concern for…

A

child sexual abuse

71
Q

dissociative identity disorder the same as….

A

multi personality disorder

72
Q

CVID vs brutons

A

brutons also had low B cell count, presents earlier (defect in tyrosine kinase)

73
Q

when to use different graves treatment

A

drugs - mild, pregnancy, older patient, stabilization
RAI - moderate to severe after stabilized
thyroidectomy - cancer, severe eye problems

74
Q

mechanism underlying exudative effusion

A

increased capillary permeability

75
Q

TEN vs SJS

A

TEN = greater than 30% of body area

76
Q

mechanism for compensation in aortic valve disease

A

eccentric hypertrophy, increase compliance

77
Q

cause of hyponatremia in labor augmentation

A

oxytocin acts like ADH

78
Q

muscle issue in cushings

A

atrophy due to increased catabolism

79
Q

trigger of bronchoconstriction in asthma

A

can be aspirin or beta blockers

80
Q

papillary muscle rupture vs septal rupture

A

murmur in septal rupture is harsh and holosystolic with palpable thrill

81
Q

vessel concern in Kawasakis

A

coronary artery aneurysm

82
Q

why human milk is better

A

better for absorption and gastric emptying

83
Q

first step in microcytic anemia

A

get iron studies

84
Q

three options for Cushing syndrome evaluation

A

late-night cortisol, urine cortisol or low dose dex suppression

85
Q

well appearing infant with painless and bloody stools

A

food protein induced allergic protocolitis

86
Q

age of Meckels

A

most common at 2, rare before 6

87
Q

sharp triphasic synchronous discharges

A

Jakob Cruzfedlt

88
Q

when was HepC screened for in blood transfusions

A

after 1992

89
Q

mitral valve in HOCM

A

systolic anterior motion of mitral valve

90
Q

treatment of frequent PVCs

A

beta blocker

91
Q

treatment of Prinzmetal

A

CCBs

92
Q

anti U1 ribonucleoprotein

A

polymyositis

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