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4/12 Flashcards

1
Q

lithium and hypernatremia

A

nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

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2
Q

postpartum blues should resolve in…

A

2 weeks

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3
Q

paradoxical agitation

A

can be seen in elderly taking benzos, should be discontinued

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4
Q

extremity edema with blood in urine

A

likely nephritic syndrome

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5
Q

treatment for eclampsia

A

magnesium sulfate followed by delivery

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6
Q

best method for evaluating pelvic mass

A

ultrasound

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7
Q

how does hypomagnesemia cause hypocalcemia

A

causes resistance to PTH and decreased secretion of PTH

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8
Q

degree of hypocalcemia need to be corrected based on what other lab value

A

albumin level

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9
Q

complications of bronchiolitis

A

apnea and respiratory failure

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10
Q

test for mono

A

heterophile antibody test detects EBV

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11
Q

most readily available oral emergency contraceptive

A

oral levonorgestrel - delays ovulation

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12
Q

most common cause of isolated aortic regurg in young patients in developed countries

A

bicuspid aortic valve

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13
Q

delayed return to consciousness after LOC

A

likely seizure

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14
Q

next step after decreased lung sounds following intubation

A

reposition endotracheal tube

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15
Q

common symptoms of brain tumor

A

dull worsening headache, focal neuro defects, symptoms worse at night

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16
Q

double bubble sign

A

duodenal atresia

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17
Q

basic hypertension labs

A

u/a, chemistry, lipid panel, EKG

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18
Q

stuck on appearance

A

seborrheic keratosis

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19
Q

antibody association with PBC

A

anti-mitochondrial antibodies

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20
Q

nodules with surrounding ground glass opacities on CT in immunocomprimised

A

invasive aspergillosis

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21
Q

smoking history, weight loss and insidious back pain

A

concern for pancreatic cancer

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22
Q

most common cause of metabolic acidosis after seizure

A

lactic acidosis, dont need to treat unless it is below 7.1

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23
Q

test for lactose intolerance

A

hydrogen breath test or older lactose tolerance test

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24
Q

requirement for determining learning disorder

A

standardized achievement testing

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25
Q

murmur in viral myocarditis in kids

A

mitral regurg - holosystolic

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26
Q

most common cause of primary adrenal insufficiency

A

autoimmune up to 90%

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27
Q

envelope calcium oxalate crystals in poisoning

A

ethylene glycol

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28
Q

criteria for aortic valve replacement

A
  • symptomatic
  • EF less than 50%
  • undergoing other surgery
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29
Q

important work up in new onset psychosis

A

urine tox screen

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30
Q

CURB-65

A 
Confusion
Urea above 20
Respirations above 30
BP below 90/60
over 65
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31
Q

treatment options for inpatient CAP

A

fluoroquinolone` or beta lactam + macrolide

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32
Q

constitutional growth curve

A

normal at birth, fall off at 3-6 months, tracks along 5-10%, returns at puberty

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33
Q

neonate in mom with graves disease

A

thyrotoxicosis due to antibody transfer - treat with methimazole and beta blocker

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34
Q

risk of UTI in pregnancy

A

pyelo due to dilated ureter

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35
Q

treatment of uterine atony

A

oxytocin

36
Q

required treatment in beta thalassemia

A

RBC transfusion and chelation therapy to decrease iron overload

37
Q

timing of CVS and amnio

A 
CVS = 10-13 weeks
amino = 15-20 weeks
38
Q

chronic stridor in infants worse in supine position

A

laryngomalacia, loudest ages 4-8 months

39
Q

imaging modality for laryngomalacia

A

fiberoptic larygoscopy

40
Q

no risk facts for TB level of induration

A

greater than 15mm

41
Q

new onset psychosis with arthralgias, hematuria, thrombocytopenia, and proteinuria

A

SLE - can cause CNS issues

42
Q

most common causes of acute bacterial sinusitis

A

non typeable H flu, s pneumoniae, moraxella

43
Q

evaluation for spinal epidural abcess

A

MRI

44
Q

treatment of immunocompromised meningitis

A

cefepime, vancomycin (MRSA) and ampicillin (Listeria)

45
Q

hip pain in child after viral illness with normal labs

A

transient synovitis

46
Q

important monitoring after EPO therapy

A

hypertension, can be severe

47
Q

bilateral breast pain 3-5 days after delivery

A

breast engorgment

48
Q

mechanism for PTH causing hypertension

A

unclear, but it does

49
Q

mechanism for meniere’s disease

A

increased volume and pressure of endolymph

50
Q

food borne illness in rice

A

bacillus cereus enterotoxin

51
Q

postprandial epigastric pain, food aversion and weight loss in vasculopath

A

mesenteric ischemia

52
Q

consent in psychiatric patient

A

still able to give consent all long as they can still understand risks and benefits

53
Q

evaluation of hip dysplasia in newbord

A

ultrasound, dont need x-ray

54
Q

most common causes of cough in non-smokers

A

allergies, GERD or asthma

55
Q

saline responsive metabolic acidosis

A

due to loss of GI fluids - shows low urine chloride

56
Q

bites on palms and soles

A

usually due to scabies, not bed bugs

57
Q

medications that can increase lithium levels

A

ACEi, thiazides, NSAIDs, tetracyclines, metronidazole

58
Q

cause of acidosis in iron overdose

A

hydrogen ion production causing lactic acidosis

59
Q

treatment for iron overdose

A

deferoxamine

60
Q

antidepressant causing rash or SJS

A

lamotrigine - discontinue immediately

61
Q

higher risk for severe babesiosis infection

A

splenectomy or immunocomprimised

62
Q

maltese cross

A

babesia

63
Q

aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease

A

diversion of pathway to leukotrienes cause pseudo allergy

64
Q

high risk in previous c section or uterine surgeries

A

uterine rupture - deliver immediately if suspected

65
Q

when to culture UTI

A

if complicated or refractory to treatment

66
Q

estrogen producing tumor

A

granulosa cell tumor

67
Q

delayed cord separation

A

leukocyte adhesion deficiency

68
Q

subcutaneous emphysema after significant coughing, be concerned about…

A

pneumothorax

69
Q

evaluation for suspected renal abscess

A

renal and bladder ultrasound

70
Q

main cause of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

A

HPV

71
Q

painless thyroiditis

A

like hashimoto’s, but it causes hyperthyroidism from preformed thyroid hormone

72
Q

eosinophiluria with livedo reticularis

A

cholesterol emboli

73
Q

location and neurotransmitter involved in Huntingtons

A

caudate and putamen

GABA

74
Q

most common cause of cor pulmonale

A

COPD

75
Q

treatment of stable torsades

A

magnesium sulfate

76
Q

hypercyanotic tet spells

A

tetralogy of fallot

77
Q

calcium, phosphate and PTH in celiac

A

low, low, high

78
Q

patient with duodenal and jejunal ulcers

A

ZE syndrome due to increase acid secretion

79
Q

cause of malabsorption in ZE syndrome

A

enzyme deactivation due to high acid enviornment

80
Q

treatment of essential tremor

A

beta blockers

81
Q

cause of warfarin induced skin necrosis

A

protein C deficiency

82
Q

most common cause of constrictive pericarditis worldwide

A

TB

83
Q

calcifications in synovium in joint pain

A

pseudogout

84
Q

digoxin toxicity and potatissum

A

can cause hyperkalemia due to blocking na/k pump

85
Q

cholesterol and thyroid

A

hypothyroid can cause elevated cholesterol

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