4/12 Flashcards
lithium and hypernatremia
nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
postpartum blues should resolve in…
2 weeks
paradoxical agitation
can be seen in elderly taking benzos, should be discontinued
extremity edema with blood in urine
likely nephritic syndrome
treatment for eclampsia
magnesium sulfate followed by delivery
best method for evaluating pelvic mass
ultrasound
how does hypomagnesemia cause hypocalcemia
causes resistance to PTH and decreased secretion of PTH
degree of hypocalcemia need to be corrected based on what other lab value
albumin level
complications of bronchiolitis
apnea and respiratory failure
test for mono
heterophile antibody test detects EBV
most readily available oral emergency contraceptive
oral levonorgestrel - delays ovulation
most common cause of isolated aortic regurg in young patients in developed countries
bicuspid aortic valve
delayed return to consciousness after LOC
likely seizure
next step after decreased lung sounds following intubation
reposition endotracheal tube
common symptoms of brain tumor
dull worsening headache, focal neuro defects, symptoms worse at night
double bubble sign
duodenal atresia
basic hypertension labs
u/a, chemistry, lipid panel, EKG
stuck on appearance
seborrheic keratosis
antibody association with PBC
anti-mitochondrial antibodies
nodules with surrounding ground glass opacities on CT in immunocomprimised
invasive aspergillosis
smoking history, weight loss and insidious back pain
concern for pancreatic cancer
most common cause of metabolic acidosis after seizure
lactic acidosis, dont need to treat unless it is below 7.1
test for lactose intolerance
hydrogen breath test or older lactose tolerance test
requirement for determining learning disorder
standardized achievement testing
murmur in viral myocarditis in kids
mitral regurg - holosystolic
most common cause of primary adrenal insufficiency
autoimmune up to 90%
envelope calcium oxalate crystals in poisoning
ethylene glycol
criteria for aortic valve replacement
- symptomatic
- EF less than 50%
- undergoing other surgery
important work up in new onset psychosis
urine tox screen
CURB-65
Confusion Urea above 20 Respirations above 30 BP below 90/60 over 65
treatment options for inpatient CAP
fluoroquinolone` or beta lactam + macrolide
constitutional growth curve
normal at birth, fall off at 3-6 months, tracks along 5-10%, returns at puberty
neonate in mom with graves disease
thyrotoxicosis due to antibody transfer - treat with methimazole and beta blocker
risk of UTI in pregnancy
pyelo due to dilated ureter
treatment of uterine atony
oxytocin
required treatment in beta thalassemia
RBC transfusion and chelation therapy to decrease iron overload
timing of CVS and amnio
CVS = 10-13 weeks amino = 15-20 weeks
chronic stridor in infants worse in supine position
laryngomalacia, loudest ages 4-8 months
imaging modality for laryngomalacia
fiberoptic larygoscopy
no risk facts for TB level of induration
greater than 15mm
new onset psychosis with arthralgias, hematuria, thrombocytopenia, and proteinuria
SLE - can cause CNS issues
most common causes of acute bacterial sinusitis
non typeable H flu, s pneumoniae, moraxella
evaluation for spinal epidural abcess
MRI
treatment of immunocompromised meningitis
cefepime, vancomycin (MRSA) and ampicillin (Listeria)
hip pain in child after viral illness with normal labs
transient synovitis
important monitoring after EPO therapy
hypertension, can be severe
bilateral breast pain 3-5 days after delivery
breast engorgment
mechanism for PTH causing hypertension
unclear, but it does
mechanism for meniere’s disease
increased volume and pressure of endolymph
food borne illness in rice
bacillus cereus enterotoxin
postprandial epigastric pain, food aversion and weight loss in vasculopath
mesenteric ischemia
consent in psychiatric patient
still able to give consent all long as they can still understand risks and benefits
evaluation of hip dysplasia in newbord
ultrasound, dont need x-ray
most common causes of cough in non-smokers
allergies, GERD or asthma
saline responsive metabolic acidosis
due to loss of GI fluids - shows low urine chloride
bites on palms and soles
usually due to scabies, not bed bugs
medications that can increase lithium levels
ACEi, thiazides, NSAIDs, tetracyclines, metronidazole
cause of acidosis in iron overdose
hydrogen ion production causing lactic acidosis
treatment for iron overdose
deferoxamine
antidepressant causing rash or SJS
lamotrigine - discontinue immediately
higher risk for severe babesiosis infection
splenectomy or immunocomprimised
maltese cross
babesia
aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease
diversion of pathway to leukotrienes cause pseudo allergy
high risk in previous c section or uterine surgeries
uterine rupture - deliver immediately if suspected
when to culture UTI
if complicated or refractory to treatment
estrogen producing tumor
granulosa cell tumor
delayed cord separation
leukocyte adhesion deficiency
subcutaneous emphysema after significant coughing, be concerned about…
pneumothorax
evaluation for suspected renal abscess
renal and bladder ultrasound
main cause of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
HPV
painless thyroiditis
like hashimoto’s, but it causes hyperthyroidism from preformed thyroid hormone
eosinophiluria with livedo reticularis
cholesterol emboli
location and neurotransmitter involved in Huntingtons
caudate and putamen
GABA
most common cause of cor pulmonale
COPD
treatment of stable torsades
magnesium sulfate
hypercyanotic tet spells
tetralogy of fallot
calcium, phosphate and PTH in celiac
low, low, high
patient with duodenal and jejunal ulcers
ZE syndrome due to increase acid secretion
cause of malabsorption in ZE syndrome
enzyme deactivation due to high acid enviornment
treatment of essential tremor
beta blockers
cause of warfarin induced skin necrosis
protein C deficiency
most common cause of constrictive pericarditis worldwide
TB
calcifications in synovium in joint pain
pseudogout
digoxin toxicity and potatissum
can cause hyperkalemia due to blocking na/k pump
cholesterol and thyroid
hypothyroid can cause elevated cholesterol
