2/25 Flashcards
timing of problems after MI
- acute = RV failure
- 3-5 days = papillary muscle rupture or interventricular septum rupture (LAD)
- 5-14 days = free wall rupture
- several months = LV aneurysm
dishwater drainage
indicative of necrotizing surgical site infection
secondary spontaneous penumothorax
presents in the setting of known lung disease, acute onset SOB, hypoxia and unilateral decreased breath sounds
best test for acute pancreatitis
RUQ ultrasound
HIDA vs ERCP
HIDA = for acute cholecystitis ERCP = for obstruction in CBD
penile fracture is a tear in….
tunica albuginea (envelopes corpus cavernosum)
test after fracture penis
retrograde urethrogram if there is evidence of urethral injury
indications of retrograde urethrogram
- blood at meatus
- hematuria
- dysuria
- urinary retention
most common cause of extraperotineal bladder rupture
pelvic fracture (sits anterior to bladder)
most common epithelial thyroid malignancy
papillary, followed by follicular
characteristics of follicular thyroid cancer
like benign adenomas, but with invasion into capsule, can metastasize via blood
features of papillary thyroid cancer
- slow spread
- large cells with ground glass, pale nuclei with inclusion bodies
- psammoma bodies
- lymph node involvement
Hurthle cells
seen in follicular thyroid cancer, benign adenomas and hashimoto’s thyroiditis
soap bubble tumor
giant cell tumor of bone
feature of giant cell tumors
- lytic bone soap bubble lesion in epiphysis of long bones
- benign but locally destructive
- young adults or Paget disease
- progressive local pain
- RANKL is overexpressed, can use denosumab
type A and B aortic aneurysms
A = ascending B = descending
initial test for ruptured AAA
CT angio - patient must be stable
epidermal inclusion cyst
- dome shaped, firm, mobile nodule with central punctum
- epidermis lodged in dermis from trauma or comedones or de novo
- produces keratin
dermatofibroma
- benign fibroblast proliferation, firm, hyperpigmented nodule
- center dimpling
most common complications of cardiac cath
bleeding, hematoma, dissection, thrombosis, pseudoaneurysm, or AV fistula
fluid for burns
LR - correct acidosis and maintains normal blood pH
things damaged in uncal herniation
- oculomotor nerve
- ipsalateral hemiparesis (crus cerebri compression)
indication for congenital umbilical hernias
larger than 1.5 cm or older than 5
symptoms of delirium tremens
confusion, agitation, fever, tachycardia, hypertension, diaphoresis, hallucinations
firm solitary neck lymph nodes in smoker
likely metastatic squamous cell carcinoma
treatment of acute prostatitis
fluoroquinolone or bactrim
GI bleeding following AAA repair
bowel ischemia, due to lack of collateral blood supply
