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4/18 Flashcards

1
Q

gnawing constant epigastric pain and weight loss

A

pancreatic cancer

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2
Q

first step for PMS

A

symptom diary, can treat with SSRI/OCP

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3
Q

blue tinged mass in amenorrheic teen

A

imperforate hymen

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4
Q

stress incontinence in nulliparous woman

A

fibroid compressing bladder

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5
Q

diagnosis of esophageal spasm

A

esophageal manometry

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6
Q

sudden pain with movement and osteoporosis

A

vertebral compression fracture

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7
Q

risk with chantix

A

cardiovascular events

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8
Q

UTI treatment in infants

A

3rd gen cephalosporin, fluoroquines can disrupt cartilage development

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9
Q

inevitable abortion

A

must be before 20 weeks and have cervical dilation and bleeding

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10
Q

bleeding in pregnancy after 20 weeks

A

placenta previa

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11
Q

most common cause of neonatal hypothyroidism

A

thyroid dysgenesis

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12
Q

pemphigus vulgaris vs bullous pemphigoid

A 
PV = desmosomes, flaccid bullae, acantholysis
BP = pruritic, tense bullae, linear IgG deposits
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13
Q

todd paralysis

A

limited focal weakness or paralysis following general seizure

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14
Q

high AFP with wall defect

A

gastroschisis (generally an isolated defect

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15
Q

treatment of myasthenia gravis

A

pyridostigmine (anticholinesterase inhibitor

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16
Q

quad screen in downs

A

up-down-up-down

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17
Q

quad screen in edwards

A

all down

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18
Q

most common cause of pseudotumor cerebri

A

medications (vitamin A, tetracyclines)

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19
Q

type of cardioversion for SVT

A

synchronized (used unsynchronized for shockable rhythm)

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20
Q

acid base disturbance in adrenal insufficiency

A

non anion gap metabolic acidosis - H+ ions aren’t excreted

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21
Q

cause of hypercoagulability in nephrotic syndrome

A

loss of antithrombin III in the urine

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22
Q

itchy genitalia in kid at bedtime

A

can be helminth infection

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23
Q

most common cause of uncorrectable hypokalemia

A

hypomagnesemia

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24
Q

upper and lower motor neuron lesions in non ALS

A

cervical spondylosis and cervical spondylotic myelopathy due to narrowing

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25
Q

initial treatment for venous insufficiency

A

leg elevation and compression stockings

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26
Q

butterfly pattern on CT

A

glioblastoma

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27
Q

screen for HCV

A

only in concurrent IV drug users

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28
Q

cause of hammer and claw toe deformities

A

diabetic peripheral neuropathy

29
Q

chest xray in chronic aortic coarctation

A

rib notching

30
Q

antidepressant most likely to cause hypertension

A

venlafaxine

31
Q

newborn treatment with maternal hep B infection

A

hep B IG and vaccine

32
Q

DLCO and A-a gradient in pulmonary fibrosis

A

DLCO decreased A-a increased

33
Q

modifiable risk factor for breast cancer

A

estrogen exposure - decrease alcohol intake

34
Q

treatment of intusseption

A

air or saline enema

35
Q

bladder cancer screening

A

don’t do it

36
Q

multiple family members treated with splenectomy for RBC disorder

A

hereditary spherocytosis

37
Q

rapid onset severe rash in palms and soles

A

TSS due to staph toxins

38
Q

mittelschmerz

A

pain during ovulation

39
Q

timeline of alcohol hallucinations

A

12-48 hours - also usually visual

40
Q

PAS staining macrophages

A

Whipple disease

41
Q

pap smear with atypical glandular cells in women over 35

A

can be endometrial cancer - do biopsy

42
Q

acute otitis media vs serous otitis media

A

serous has no acute inflammatory signs, more likely to be chronic

43
Q

evaluation of caustic injestion

A

xrays for signs of perforation (upper GI study if suspected)

- endoscope if patient is stable to survey damage

44
Q

features of NF1

A

optic glioma, neurofibromas, cafe au lait, scoliosis, Lisch nodules

45
Q

most common cause of death in ESRD

A

CVD - uremia and replacement therapy cause oxidative stress on vessels

46
Q

muscle weakness with bulbar involvement

A

myasthenia gravis

47
Q

initial treatment of BPH

A

alpha blockers - relax prostate muscle (can also cause hypotension)

48
Q

downside of 5 alpha reductase inhibitors in BPH

A

reduce size of prostate and can take months

49
Q

findings in NPH

A

enlarged ventricles

50
Q

labs in tumor lysis sydrome

A

low calcium - phosphate binds and precipitates
high phosphate - from cells
high potassium - from cells

51
Q

schizoaffective disorder

A

mood symptoms are more prominent

52
Q

signs of central retinal vein occlusion

A

retinal hemorrhages, dilated veins and cotton wool spots

53
Q

next step after active phase arrest

A

c section

54
Q

treatment of TCA overdose

A

sodium bicarb, pH affects ability of TCA to bind

55
Q

associated signs in juvenile arthritis

A

chronic oligoarthritis, rash and daily fevers

56
Q

initial treatment of peritonsillar abscess

A

needle drainage

57
Q

screening in FAP

A

annual colonoscopies starting at 10-12

58
Q

alarm signs of back pain

A

previous malignancy, constant pain, neuro defects, sudden onset

59
Q

febrile neutropenia treatment

A

fear of pseudomonas, treat with big guns (pip-tazo)

60
Q

treatment of elevated homocysteine

A

B6 and folate to decrease DVTs

61
Q

most common TE defect

A

proximal esophageal atresia with fistula

62
Q

effect of potassium from beta 2 agonist

A

decrease, drives it into the cell

63
Q

CMV retinitis

A

blurred vision, floaters and sensitivity to light - yellow fluffy hemorrhages along vasculature

64
Q

bad sign in asthma exacerbation

A

normal PaCO2

65
Q

punched out erosions with rims of cortical bone

A

pseudogout

66
Q

erosion of the joint margins

A

RA

67
Q

treatment for epiglotitis

A

ceftriaxone and vancomycin

68
Q

treatment for trigeminal neuralgia

A

carbamezapine

69
Q

signs of alpha 1 antitrypsin

A

COPD at young age or with no smoking history, liver disease

Step 2 (28 decks)

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