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4/11 Flashcards

1
Q

varicocele with blood in urine

A

can be RCC

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2
Q

staph saprophyticus

A

UTI

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3
Q

psychogenic nonepileptic seizure

A

type of conversion disorder, features can be forced eye closure, memory of event, head side to side
- need EEG for diagnosis

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4
Q

first line treatment for panic disorder

A

SSRIs

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5
Q

twin pregnancies put at risk for…

A

preterm labor

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6
Q

normal location of bartholin glands

A

4 and 8 o’clock, base of the labia majora

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7
Q

hemophilic arthropathy

A

seen in hemophilia, caused by hemosiderin deposition in joints causing inflammation

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8
Q

first step in evaluating lung nodule

A

look at previous xrays

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9
Q

function of wiskott aldrich protein

A

cytoskeletal remodeling

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10
Q

infertility in CF

A

much more common in men due to absence of vas deferens

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11
Q

most common sequela of giardiasis

A

lactose intolerance and fat malabsorption

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12
Q

features of kawasaki’s disease

A
  • fever over 5 days
  • mucositis - strawberry tongue
  • rash - polymorphus
  • extremities - edema
  • cervical lymphadenopathy
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13
Q

complications of kawasaki’s

A

MI and coronary artery aneurysm

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14
Q

treatment of kawasaki’s

A

aspirin and IVIG

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15
Q

clubbing in smoker indicates

A

new malignancy, not hypoxemia

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16
Q

labs in subacute thyroiditis

A
  • low TSH, high T3/T4, high ESR/CRP
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17
Q

initial treatment of HHS

A

normal saline to replenish free water loss

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18
Q

enthesitis is common finding in…

A

spondyloarthropathies

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19
Q

most common cause of erectile dysfunction

A

psychosocial - especially if nocturnal erections are preserved

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20
Q

what type of virus is molluscum contagiosum

A

pox

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21
Q

most effective form of emergency birth control

A

copper IUD

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22
Q

labs in Ehrlichiosis

A

leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated LTFs and LDH

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23
Q

cause of elevated potassium in DKA

A

intracellular shift due to plasma tonicity, actually total body stores of potassium are decreased due to osmotic diuresis

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24
Q

dizziness or pain in arm when moving upper body

A

subclavian steal

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25
Q

treatment of superficial wound dehiscence

A

frequent dressing changes

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26
Q

best treatment of cluster headaches

A

100% oxygen and sumitriptan

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27
Q

most common cause of secondary ITP

A

hep C and HIV - with joint complaints, autoimmune disorder (SLE)

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28
Q

bite cells and Heinz bodies

A

G6PD deficiency

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29
Q

vascular vs neurogenic claudication of back

A 
vascular = exertional
neurogenic = postural, lessened by spine flexion
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30
Q

lower extremity pain relieved with spine flexion

A

lumbar spinal stenosis

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31
Q

infertility in treated psych patients

A

may be due to hyperprolactinemia in dopamine antagonist like risperidone or first generations

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32
Q

key difference between normal teen behavior and depression

A

marked change from baseline - academic and social impairment

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33
Q

extra features of meth use

A

excoriations, poor dentition and aggression - can look similar to mania or psychosis

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34
Q

CMV treatment

A

gancyclovir

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35
Q

only definitive treatment of HELLP

A

delivery - over 34 weeks or worsening maternal status

36
Q

treatment of viral conjunctivitis

A

cold compresses

37
Q

treatment of allergic conjunctivits

A

antihistamines and mast cell stabilizers (olopatadine or azelastine)

38
Q

stone search method in pregnancy

A

ultrasound, decreases radiation

39
Q

orbital vs preseptal cellulitis

A

orbital has pain with EOM, proptosis, or ophthalmoplegia

40
Q

kidney injury in antibiotics

A

interstitial nephritis

41
Q

risk of nitroprusside in renal disease

A

cyanide toxicity

42
Q

treatment for opioid withdrawal

A

low dose methadone

43
Q

joint pain in adults from virus

A

parvovirus

44
Q

most common cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis

A

GBS - can still have horizontal transmission in case of c section

45
Q

most common cause of osteomyelitis in sickle cell

A

s aureus and salmonella

46
Q

association with primary sclerosing cholangitis

A

ulcerative colitis - pANCA

47
Q

next step after negative throat rapid in suspected strep

A

throat culture

48
Q

centor criteria in kids

A

not recommended to use before teens

49
Q

initial treatment of c diff

A

vancomycin or fidaxomicin - add metronidazole if fulminant

50
Q

common infections in Brutons

A

mucosal and sinopulmonary infections - caused by absent tyrosine kinase

51
Q

relationship between heart failure and sodium

A

worse CHF = worse hyponatremia - due to increased release of ADH and free water retention

52
Q

cause of sudden and severe meningitis in teens

A

neisseria

53
Q

liver labs in tylenol vs alcohol

A

in 1000s in tylenol, AST higher than ALT in alcohol

54
Q

medical treatment of primary hyperaldo

A

aldosterone antagonists - spironolactone or eplerenone

55
Q

most common cause of increased fetal HR

A

maternal fever

56
Q

Shy-Drager syndrome

A

multi-system atrophy

- parkonisms, autonomic dysfunction and widespread neuro problems

57
Q

chronic fluctuating mood disorder

A

cyclothymic

58
Q

focal sclerotic bone lesions

A

metastatic prostate cancer

59
Q

bone findings in cervical spondylosis

A

bony spurs, sclerotic joints, narrowing disc spaces, hypertrophied disc bodies

60
Q

timeline of preeclampsia

A

must be after 20 weeks - protein before that in urine is likely due to diabetes

61
Q

secondary treatment of lyme in kids or pregnant women

A

amoxicillin

62
Q

diabetes complications in pregnancy (hyperglycemia)

A

first trimester = heart defects

2/3 trimester = infant can produce insulin, causes organomegaly and macrosomia

63
Q

acrocyanosis

A

normal blue limbs in newborn

64
Q

trachoma

A
  • due to chlamydia eye infection
  • leading cause of blindness in world
  • conjunctival injection, tarsal inflammation, and pale follicles
65
Q

difference between lacunar infarct and anterior infarct

A 
lacunar = all limbs equally, pure motor
anterior = lower more affected, can have bladder dysfunction
66
Q

major risk factor for placenta previa

A

prior c section, multiple gestation and AMA

67
Q

manifestations of Sheehan syndrome

A

fatigue, weight loss, hypotension, lack of breast feeding, amenorrhea

68
Q

acute onset of joint effusion after minor trauma in child

A

concerning for hemarthrosis

69
Q

common association in patients with borderline personality

A

childhood trauma

70
Q

acid base disorder in hyperemesis

A

metabolic alkalosis due to GI losses

71
Q

suprapubic pain that radiates down legs after traumatic delivery

A

pubic symphysis diastatsis

72
Q

retic count in splenic sequestration in sickle cell

A

elevated - count is low in aplastic crisis

73
Q

most common cause of aplastic crisis in sickle cell

A

parvovirus infection

74
Q

main cause of metabolic syndrome

A

insulin resistence

75
Q

removal of foreign body from vagina of child

A

warm water irrigation, avoid using speculum in children

76
Q

hallmark of prolonged seizures

A

cortical laminar necrosis

77
Q

kidney labs in pregnancy

A

decreased due to increase in GFR

78
Q

cause of osteomalacia

A

low vitamind D leading to defective mineralization of osteoid matrix

79
Q

osteitis deformans

A

same paget’s disease

80
Q

bone problem in RA

A

osteoporosis due to systemic inflammation causing bone loss

81
Q

treatment for pseudotumor cerebri

A

acetazolamide

82
Q

superimposed bacterial infection after flu in young patients

A

MRSA

83
Q

electrolyte abnormalities in anorexia

A

hypochloremic, hypokalemic, metabolic alkalosis

84
Q

best sensitivity for diagnosis of heart failure

A

BNP

85
Q

mitral regurgitation towards end of pregnancy

A

peripartum cardiomyopathy

86
Q

WBC in gout

A

should be in the 10,000s

Step 2 (28 decks)

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