4/11 Flashcards
varicocele with blood in urine
can be RCC
staph saprophyticus
UTI
psychogenic nonepileptic seizure
type of conversion disorder, features can be forced eye closure, memory of event, head side to side
- need EEG for diagnosis
first line treatment for panic disorder
SSRIs
twin pregnancies put at risk for…
preterm labor
normal location of bartholin glands
4 and 8 o’clock, base of the labia majora
hemophilic arthropathy
seen in hemophilia, caused by hemosiderin deposition in joints causing inflammation
first step in evaluating lung nodule
look at previous xrays
function of wiskott aldrich protein
cytoskeletal remodeling
infertility in CF
much more common in men due to absence of vas deferens
most common sequela of giardiasis
lactose intolerance and fat malabsorption
features of kawasaki’s disease
- fever over 5 days
- mucositis - strawberry tongue
- rash - polymorphus
- extremities - edema
- cervical lymphadenopathy
complications of kawasaki’s
MI and coronary artery aneurysm
treatment of kawasaki’s
aspirin and IVIG
clubbing in smoker indicates
new malignancy, not hypoxemia
labs in subacute thyroiditis
- low TSH, high T3/T4, high ESR/CRP
initial treatment of HHS
normal saline to replenish free water loss
enthesitis is common finding in…
spondyloarthropathies
most common cause of erectile dysfunction
psychosocial - especially if nocturnal erections are preserved
what type of virus is molluscum contagiosum
pox
most effective form of emergency birth control
copper IUD
labs in Ehrlichiosis
leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated LTFs and LDH
cause of elevated potassium in DKA
intracellular shift due to plasma tonicity, actually total body stores of potassium are decreased due to osmotic diuresis
dizziness or pain in arm when moving upper body
subclavian steal
treatment of superficial wound dehiscence
frequent dressing changes
best treatment of cluster headaches
100% oxygen and sumitriptan
most common cause of secondary ITP
hep C and HIV - with joint complaints, autoimmune disorder (SLE)
bite cells and Heinz bodies
G6PD deficiency
vascular vs neurogenic claudication of back
vascular = exertional neurogenic = postural, lessened by spine flexion
lower extremity pain relieved with spine flexion
lumbar spinal stenosis
infertility in treated psych patients
may be due to hyperprolactinemia in dopamine antagonist like risperidone or first generations
key difference between normal teen behavior and depression
marked change from baseline - academic and social impairment
extra features of meth use
excoriations, poor dentition and aggression - can look similar to mania or psychosis
CMV treatment
gancyclovir
only definitive treatment of HELLP
delivery - over 34 weeks or worsening maternal status
treatment of viral conjunctivitis
cold compresses
treatment of allergic conjunctivits
antihistamines and mast cell stabilizers (olopatadine or azelastine)
stone search method in pregnancy
ultrasound, decreases radiation
orbital vs preseptal cellulitis
orbital has pain with EOM, proptosis, or ophthalmoplegia
kidney injury in antibiotics
interstitial nephritis
risk of nitroprusside in renal disease
cyanide toxicity
treatment for opioid withdrawal
low dose methadone
joint pain in adults from virus
parvovirus
most common cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis
GBS - can still have horizontal transmission in case of c section
most common cause of osteomyelitis in sickle cell
s aureus and salmonella
association with primary sclerosing cholangitis
ulcerative colitis - pANCA
next step after negative throat rapid in suspected strep
throat culture
centor criteria in kids
not recommended to use before teens
initial treatment of c diff
vancomycin or fidaxomicin - add metronidazole if fulminant
common infections in Brutons
mucosal and sinopulmonary infections - caused by absent tyrosine kinase
relationship between heart failure and sodium
worse CHF = worse hyponatremia - due to increased release of ADH and free water retention
cause of sudden and severe meningitis in teens
neisseria
liver labs in tylenol vs alcohol
in 1000s in tylenol, AST higher than ALT in alcohol
medical treatment of primary hyperaldo
aldosterone antagonists - spironolactone or eplerenone
most common cause of increased fetal HR
maternal fever
Shy-Drager syndrome
multi-system atrophy
- parkonisms, autonomic dysfunction and widespread neuro problems
chronic fluctuating mood disorder
cyclothymic
focal sclerotic bone lesions
metastatic prostate cancer
bone findings in cervical spondylosis
bony spurs, sclerotic joints, narrowing disc spaces, hypertrophied disc bodies
timeline of preeclampsia
must be after 20 weeks - protein before that in urine is likely due to diabetes
secondary treatment of lyme in kids or pregnant women
amoxicillin
diabetes complications in pregnancy (hyperglycemia)
first trimester = heart defects
2/3 trimester = infant can produce insulin, causes organomegaly and macrosomia
acrocyanosis
normal blue limbs in newborn
trachoma
- due to chlamydia eye infection
- leading cause of blindness in world
- conjunctival injection, tarsal inflammation, and pale follicles
difference between lacunar infarct and anterior infarct
lacunar = all limbs equally, pure motor anterior = lower more affected, can have bladder dysfunction
major risk factor for placenta previa
prior c section, multiple gestation and AMA
manifestations of Sheehan syndrome
fatigue, weight loss, hypotension, lack of breast feeding, amenorrhea
acute onset of joint effusion after minor trauma in child
concerning for hemarthrosis
common association in patients with borderline personality
childhood trauma
acid base disorder in hyperemesis
metabolic alkalosis due to GI losses
suprapubic pain that radiates down legs after traumatic delivery
pubic symphysis diastatsis
retic count in splenic sequestration in sickle cell
elevated - count is low in aplastic crisis
most common cause of aplastic crisis in sickle cell
parvovirus infection
main cause of metabolic syndrome
insulin resistence
removal of foreign body from vagina of child
warm water irrigation, avoid using speculum in children
hallmark of prolonged seizures
cortical laminar necrosis
kidney labs in pregnancy
decreased due to increase in GFR
cause of osteomalacia
low vitamind D leading to defective mineralization of osteoid matrix
osteitis deformans
same paget’s disease
bone problem in RA
osteoporosis due to systemic inflammation causing bone loss
treatment for pseudotumor cerebri
acetazolamide
superimposed bacterial infection after flu in young patients
MRSA
electrolyte abnormalities in anorexia
hypochloremic, hypokalemic, metabolic alkalosis
best sensitivity for diagnosis of heart failure
BNP
mitral regurgitation towards end of pregnancy
peripartum cardiomyopathy
WBC in gout
should be in the 10,000s
