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4/16 Flashcards

1
Q

auditory canal ulceration

A

vasculitis

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2
Q

mass in child with periorbital bruising and opsoclonus

A

neuroblastoma

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3
Q

sleep terrors and breath holding spells

A

both part of normal development in kids

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4
Q

low risk SSRIs after MI

A

sertraline and escitalopram

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5
Q

primary ovarian insufficiency vs anovulation

A

POI has elevated FSH like early menopause, anov is usually due to obesity causing no LH surge

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6
Q

methanol vs ethylene glycol poisoning

A

methanol damages eyes (optic disc hyperemia), ethylene glycol damages kidneys

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7
Q

CT in schizophrenia

A

enlarged lateral ventricles

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8
Q

treatment for Paget’s disease

A

bisphosphonates

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9
Q

use or hepatojugular reflex

A

differentiate cardiac from liver pathology

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10
Q

h ducreyi

A

large deep painful ulcers with tender lymphadenopathy, yellow exudate (pus) with friable base

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11
Q

treatment of carbon monoxide poisoning

A

100% oxygen

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12
Q

when puncture wound requires immunglobulin

A

if unvaccinated or less than 3 doses, otherwise just need vaccine

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13
Q

referred otalgia

A

can be present in SCC of head and neck from CN 9/10

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14
Q

evaluation for avascular necrosis of hip

A

MRI

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15
Q

confirming diagnosis of carpal tunnel

A

nerve conduction studies

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16
Q

cause of recurrent edema

A

hereditary angioedema, caused by C1 inhibitor deficiency

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17
Q

skin lesions in HIV

A

either kaposi sarcoma or bartonella

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18
Q

coags in von willebrand

A

long bleeding time, normal PT, slightly long PTT (due to low factor 8)

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19
Q

bacteria in contact lens associated kertitis

A

pseudomonas

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20
Q

abnormal coag test in antiphospholipid syndrome

A

prolonged PTT

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21
Q

bladder pain with normal U/A

A

interstitial cystitis, relieved by voiding, unclear cause

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22
Q

treatment of c diff

A

oral vancomycin and metronidazole

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23
Q

treatment of MDD with psychotic features

A

SSRI and antipsychotic

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24
Q

endocarditis in patient with recent history of UTI

A

enterococci

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25
Q

clinical features of Reye syndrome

A

acute liver failure and encephalopathy

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26
Q

matching is a good way to control for…

A

confounding variables in case control studies

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27
Q

typical time of 5 alpha reductase deficiency

A

phenotypic XY girl gets virilization at puberty due to increase in testosterone

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28
Q

other definition for non-classical CAH

A

21-hydroxylase deficiency

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29
Q

most successful modification for blood pressure control

A

weight loss

30
Q

DLCO in COPD

A

decreased

31
Q

cholesteatoma in kids

A

accumulation of keratin due to chronic middle ear infections (pearly white mass)

32
Q

MI with severe hypotension following nitroglycerin

A

likely RV MI, give fluid bolus to overcome hypotension

33
Q

excessive intake of cows milk in children

A

can cause iron deficiency anemia

34
Q

RBC distribution width in iron deficiency anemia

A

elevated due to variability in iron stores throughout the day

35
Q

characteristic VSD murmur

A

holosystolic at left sternal border, smaller are louder, larger may have diastolic rumble

36
Q

how to treat multifocal atrial tachycardia in COPD

A

treat the underlying COPD

37
Q

P waves with different morphologies

A

multifocal atrial tachycardia

38
Q

early satiety in diabetic patient

A

gastroparesis

39
Q

treatment of gastroparesis in diabetics

A

metoclopramide

40
Q

mechanism for AKI with acyclovir

A

tubular obstruction due to crystal build up, encourage adequate hydration

41
Q

cherry red macula with retinal whitening

A

central retinal artery occlusion

42
Q

when can rash be seen in mono

A

after taking amoxicillin

43
Q

mechanism for pain relief with nitroglycerin

A

vasodilation leading to decrease in preload and decrease in myocardial demand

44
Q

treatment required for rapid response of MDD with psychosis

A

ECT

45
Q

muscles in thyroid disease

A

weakness and atrophy

46
Q

characteristic findings in membranoproliferative glomerulosclerosis

A

C3 deposits

47
Q

disease often with PAD

A

cardiovascular disease

48
Q

aldosterone action of bicarb

A

aldo secretes H+ leading to increase in bicarb (alkalosis) - bicarb is reabsorbed while potassium is excreted

49
Q

contraindication for rotavirus

A

intussusception

50
Q

anterior spinal cord lesion

A

bilateral hemiparesis, diminished pain and temp, intact proprioception

51
Q

pain in carpal tunnel

A

can radiate up arm, sensation over thenar eminence is intact

52
Q

treatment of bordetella close contacts

A

should all be treated with antibiotics

53
Q

pseudocyesis

A

thinking you are pregnant when not

54
Q

cardinal symptoms of COPD

A

increased dyspnea, increased cough, sputum production

55
Q

most common cause of non-reactive NST

A

fetal sleep cycle, extend the test to look for accelerations

56
Q

special feature of weirnekes

A

oculomotor dysfunction (horizontal nystagmus)

57
Q

labs in POI

A

high GnRH, high FSH, low estrogen

58
Q

pink stain in diaper in neonates

A

uric acid crystals

59
Q

treatment for minimal change disease

A

corticosteroid

60
Q

most common cause of death in Friedreich’s ataxia

A

cardiac dysfunction from cardiomyopathy

61
Q

x ray finding in retropharyngeal abscess

A

widening of prevertebral space

62
Q

vaccinations in HCV

A

hep A and hep B to prevent future infections

63
Q

treatment of lichen sclerosis

A

high potency steroids

64
Q

treatment of hoarding disorder

A

CBT

65
Q

nephrotic syndrome most likely to cause renal vein thrombosis

A

membranous glomerulosclerosis

66
Q

treatment of cocaine toxicity

A

benzos - decrease agitation and improve cardiac symtpoms

67
Q

treatment of beta blocker overdose

A

glucagon, increases cAMP

68
Q

indication for using corticosteroids in PCP pneumonia

A

PaO2 less than 70 or A-a gradient above 35

69
Q

key differences between immunosupressants

A
  • tacrolimus = diarrhea/neurotoxicity - no hirsutism or gum hypertrophy
  • cyclosporine = hirsutism and gum hypertrophy
  • azathioprine = diarrhea, leukopenia and hepatotoxicity
  • mycophenolate = bone marrow suppression
70
Q

features of malignant hypertension

A

retinal hemorrhages, exudates or papilledema

71
Q

skin findings in complex regional pain syndrome

A

edema, sweating, change in temp, trophic changes

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