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1
Q

features of fetal alcohol syndrome

A

small palpebral fissures, absent philtrum and thin upper lip border, growth compromise and intellectual delay

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2
Q

features of down syndrome

A

flat facial profile, slanted palpebral fissures, low set ears, palmar crease, large space between toes

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3
Q

estrogen and thyroid

A

increases TBG, causing increase need for levothyroxine dose (this is only with oral)

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4
Q

when to treat the flu

A

risk factors - over 65, chronic medical problems, pregnancy or less than 2 days duration

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5
Q

diarrhea in HIV

A
  • crypto = severe and watery
  • microsporidium - no fever
  • MAC - watery, high fever
  • CMV - small volume, bloody, pain
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6
Q

antiemetic causing extrapyramidal symptoms

A

metoclopramide - dopamine antagonist

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7
Q

akathisia

A

restlessness, inability to sit still

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8
Q

treatment for acute dystonic reactions

A

anticholinergics or benadryl

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9
Q

severe features of preeclampsia

A
  • BP above 160/110

- thrombocytopenia, high creatinine, LFTs, pulmonary edema, headaches

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10
Q

hypertensive drugs in pregnancy

A

hydralazine, labetalol (don’t use if brady), nifedipine

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11
Q

ectopic pregnancy with unstable vitals

A

surgical exploration

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12
Q

irregularly enlarged uterus, think….

A

fibroids, with AUB

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13
Q

PCOS symptoms with very high testosterone

A

sertoli-Leydig cell tumors - causing virilization

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14
Q

complex multiloculated adnexal mass

A

tubo-ovarian abscess

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15
Q

treatment of akathisia

A

decrease antipsychotic and add propranolol, benztropine or a benzo

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16
Q

kids with posttussive emesis

A

think pertussis

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17
Q

burr cells

A

spiculated RBCs seen in liver and ESRD

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18
Q

spur cells

A

acanthocytes in liver disease

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19
Q

next step in child with UTI

A

renal ultrasound for anatomic abnormalities

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20
Q

manifestations of CF

A

respiratory infections, pancreatic insufficiency, failure to thrive, nosebleeds (due to vitamin deficiencies)

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21
Q

acute iron poisoning

A

damage to intestinal tract - abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, bleeding - metabolic acidosis
- opacities in stomach and intestines due to iron deposits

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22
Q

opacities on x-ray after ingestion

A

iron intoxification

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23
Q

curtain coming down over eyes

A

retinal detachment

24
Q

expressive aphasia

A

Brocas area in frontal lobe

25
Q

parietal lobe lesions

A
  • dominant = contralateral sensory loss and inferior homonymous quadrantanopia
  • nondominant = anosognosia and apraxia
26
Q

cushing reflex

A

hypertension, bradycardia and respiratory depression

27
Q

signs of intracranial hypertension

A

headaches worse at night, focal neuro symptoms, pain with leaning forward
(sinusitis will also have nasal discharge)

28
Q

signs of theophylline toxicity

A

CNS stimulation, GI disturbances, cardiac toxicity

29
Q

nephrotic syndrome in RA

A

amyloidosis

30
Q

when to CT with pyelonephritis

A

no improvement in 72 hours

31
Q

guillain barre pathophys

A

demyelination of peripheral nerve fibers

32
Q

thrombocytopenia can be presenting symptoms in…

A

HIV or hep C

33
Q

best initial test for ankylosing spondylitis

A

SI joint xray

34
Q

retics and platelets in splenic sequestration

A 
retic = high, trying to respond
platelets = low, also stuck in spleen
35
Q

fibromuscular dysplasia vessel affected

A

carotids and renal arteries

36
Q

labs after starting lithium

A

BMP, calcium, thyroid and u/a

37
Q

evaluation for endometrial cancer

A

transvaginal ultrasound or endometrial biopsy

38
Q

most sensitive test for B12

A

elevated MMA

39
Q

most common risk factor for orbital cellulitis is….

A

bacterial sinusitis

40
Q

risks for SGA babies

A

hypoxia, asphyxia, hypothermia, hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia and polycythemia (for EPO 2/2 hypoxia)

41
Q

complications of primary biliary sclerosis

A

HCC, nutrient deficiencies, osteomalacia/osteoporosis

42
Q

treatment of UTI in pregnancy

A

cephalexin, amox-clav, nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin

43
Q

treatment of afib with high CADS-VASC

A

warfarin or DOACs

44
Q

best test for peripheral neuropathy

A

monofilament test

45
Q

best medication for bacterial prophylaxis after solid organ transplatation

A

bactrim

46
Q

epitrochlear lymphadenopathy

A

seen in syphillus

47
Q

diffuse rash in STD

A

syphillus (palms and soles)

48
Q

chemo drugs causing peripheral neuropathy

A

vinca alkaloid, cisplatin, taxanes

49
Q

next step in child with hydrocephalus

A

CT/MRI

50
Q

presentation of acute closure glucoma

A

severe eye pain, dilated pupil, poor light response, headache, nausea, vomting

51
Q

erysipelas

A

sharply demarcated borders, caused by group A strep

52
Q

testing for CGD

A

dihydrorhodamine 123 or nitroblue tetrazolium

53
Q

blue fingers after getting vasopressors

A

norepi-induced vasoconstriction

54
Q

elevated BUN/creatinine ratio in UG bleeds

A

increased urea production from intestinal breakdown of hemoglobin

55
Q

filamentous, gram-positive, weakly acid fast lung organism

A

nocardia

Step 2 (28 decks)

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