3C- Genetics, Evolutionary Psychology and Behavior Flashcards

0
Q

Every non-genetic influence, from prenatal nutrition to the people and things around us

A

Environment

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1
Q

The study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior

A

Behavior genetics

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2
Q

Threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain genes

A

Chromosome

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3
Q

A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosome

A

DNA

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4
Q

The biochemical units of heredity that make up the chromosome; segments of DNA capable of synthesizing a protein

A

Genes

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5
Q

It is expressed; the coding sequence is copied in a process called transcription

A

Active genes

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6
Q

Opposite of active genes

A

Inactive genes

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7
Q

The complete instructions for making an organism, consisting of all the genetic material in that organism’s chromosomes

A

Genome

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8
Q

Monozygotic; twins who develop from a single fertilized egg that splits in toe, creating genetically identical organisms

A

Identical twins

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9
Q

Dizygotic; twins who develop from separate fertilized eggs. Genetically no closer than brothers and sisters

A

Fraternal twins

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10
Q

Biological parents and siblings

A

Genetic relatives

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11
Q

Adoptive parents and siblings

A

Environmental relatives

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12
Q

The proportion of variation among individuals that we Cana tribute to genes

A

Heritability

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13
Q

Differences between individuals does not imply heritable group differences

A

Group differences

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14
Q

The interplay that occurs when the effect of one factor depends on another factor

A

Interaction

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15
Q

Genetically influenced traits evoke significant responses in others

A

Evocative influence

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16
Q

The subfield of biology that studies the molecular structure and function of genes

A

Molecular genetics

17
Q

The study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection

A

Evolutionary psychology

18
Q

The principle that those genes that lead to increased reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on go succeeding generations

A

Natural selection

19
Q

A random error in a gene replication that leads to a change

20
Q

Adapt to live and varied environment

A

Adaptation

21
Q

Ability to survive and reproduce

22
Q

_______ that contribute to survival are found throughout cultures

A

Behaviors, such as living with families

23
Q

_________ which helped our ancestors survive may harm us today

A

Genetic traits, also things such as eating sweets which is leading to obesity today

24
Asking more questions about behavior rather than physical attributes
"Second Darwinian Revolution"
25
Studies suggest men have a stronger tendency towards sex
Gender differences in sexuality
26
Prefer: - in their 20s - healthy, fertile-looking (smooth skin and youthful appearance)
Male preferences
27
Prefer: - seem mature, dominant, bold and affluent - mates with the potential long-term mating and investment in their joint offspring - capacity to support and protect
Female preferences
28
Backward theorizing- don't have to predict | Gender inequality's impact
Critiques to the evolutionary perspective
29
Influences: - shared human genome - individual genetic variation - prenatal environment - sex-related genes, hormones, and physiology
Biological influences
30
Influences: - gene-environment interaction - neurological effect of early experiences (such as in the womb)
Psychological influences
31
Women- relational | Men- recreational
Approach to sex
32
Teen boys more excited about ______ Mid-20s men prefer ________ Older men prefer ________
Older Similar age Younger
33
______ selects _________ that increase likelihood of sending one's genes into the future
Nature; behavior
34
We are the product of _______ and ________ but we are also am open system
Nature; nurture
35
Our hopes, goals, and expectations help influence our ______
Future
36
Influences: - parental influences - peer influences - culture attitudes and norms
Social-cultural influences on individual development
37
Studied divorce rates among 1500 same-sex middle aged twin pairs; result: if you have a fraternal twin who has divorced, the odds of your divorcing go up 1.6 times; if you have an identical twin wink has divorced, the odds of your divorcing go up 5.5 times
McGue and Lykken
38
Surveyed 850 US twin pairs; identical twins, more than fraternal twins, reported being treated alike; conclusion: in explaining individual differences, genes matter
Loehlin and Nichols
39
Studied 80 pairs of identical twins reared apart; found similarities not only in tastes and physical attributes but also personality, abilities, attitudes, interests, and even fears; studied in Minneapolis "the Twin City"
Bouchard