3C- Genetics, Evolutionary Psychology and Behavior

Question 0

Every non-genetic influence, from prenatal nutrition to the people and things around us

Answer 0

Environment

Question 1

The study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior

Answer 1

Behavior genetics

Question 2

Threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain genes

Answer 2

Chromosome

Question 3

A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosome

Answer 3

DNA

Question 4

The biochemical units of heredity that make up the chromosome; segments of DNA capable of synthesizing a protein

Answer 4

Genes

Question 5

It is expressed; the coding sequence is copied in a process called transcription

Answer 5

Active genes

Question 6

Opposite of active genes

Answer 6

Inactive genes

Question 7

The complete instructions for making an organism, consisting of all the genetic material in that organism’s chromosomes

Answer 7

Genome

Question 8

Monozygotic; twins who develop from a single fertilized egg that splits in toe, creating genetically identical organisms

Answer 8

Identical twins

Question 9

Dizygotic; twins who develop from separate fertilized eggs. Genetically no closer than brothers and sisters

Answer 9

Fraternal twins

Question 10

Biological parents and siblings

Answer 10

Genetic relatives

Question 11

Adoptive parents and siblings

Answer 11

Environmental relatives

Question 12

The proportion of variation among individuals that we Cana tribute to genes

Answer 12

Heritability

Question 13

Differences between individuals does not imply heritable group differences

Answer 13

Group differences

Question 14

The interplay that occurs when the effect of one factor depends on another factor

Answer 14

Interaction

Question 15

Genetically influenced traits evoke significant responses in others

Answer 15

Evocative influence

Question 16

The subfield of biology that studies the molecular structure and function of genes

Answer 16

Molecular genetics

Question 17

The study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection

Answer 17

Evolutionary psychology

Question 18

The principle that those genes that lead to increased reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on go succeeding generations

Answer 18

Natural selection

Question 19

A random error in a gene replication that leads to a change

Answer 19

Mutation

Question 20

Adapt to live and varied environment

Answer 20

Adaptation

Question 21

Ability to survive and reproduce

Answer 21

Fitness

Question 22

_______ that contribute to survival are found throughout cultures

Answer 22

Behaviors, such as living with families

Question 23

_________ which helped our ancestors survive may harm us today

Answer 23

Genetic traits, also things such as eating sweets which is leading to obesity today

Question 24

Asking more questions about behavior rather than physical attributes

Answer 24

“Second Darwinian Revolution”

Question 25

Studies suggest men have a stronger tendency towards sex

Answer 25

Gender differences in sexuality

Question 26

Prefer:

• in their 20s
• healthy, fertile-looking (smooth skin and youthful appearance)

Answer 26

Male preferences

Question 27

Prefer:

• seem mature, dominant, bold and affluent
• mates with the potential long-term mating and investment in their joint offspring
• capacity to support and protect

Answer 27

Female preferences

Question 28

Backward theorizing- don’t have to predict

Gender inequality’s impact

Answer 28

Critiques to the evolutionary perspective

Question 29

Influences:

• shared human genome
• individual genetic variation
• prenatal environment
• sex-related genes, hormones, and physiology

Answer 29

Biological influences

Question 30

Influences:

• gene-environment interaction
• neurological effect of early experiences (such as in the womb)

Answer 30

Psychological influences

Question 31

Women- relational

Men- recreational

Answer 31

Approach to sex

Question 32

Teen boys more excited about ______
Mid-20s men prefer ________
Older men prefer ________

Answer 32

Older
Similar age
Younger

Question 33

______ selects _________ that increase likelihood of sending one’s genes into the future

Answer 33

Nature; behavior

Question 34

We are the product of _______ and ________ but we are also am open system

Answer 34

Nature; nurture

Question 35

Our hopes, goals, and expectations help influence our ______

Answer 35

Future

Question 36

Influences:

• parental influences
• peer influences
• culture attitudes and norms

Answer 36

Social-cultural influences on individual development

Question 37

Studied divorce rates among 1500 same-sex middle aged twin pairs; result: if you have a fraternal twin who has divorced, the odds of your divorcing go up 1.6 times; if you have an identical twin wink has divorced, the odds of your divorcing go up 5.5 times

Answer 37

McGue and Lykken

Question 38

Surveyed 850 US twin pairs; identical twins, more than fraternal twins, reported being treated alike; conclusion: in explaining individual differences, genes matter

Answer 38

Loehlin and Nichols

Question 39

Studied 80 pairs of identical twins reared apart; found similarities not only in tastes and physical attributes but also personality, abilities, attitudes, interests, and even fears; studied in Minneapolis “the Twin City”

Answer 39

Bouchard