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12- Abnormal Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes

A

mood disorders

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2
Q

a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or a medical condition, two or more weeks of significantly depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and diminished interest or pleasure in most activities; lethargy and loss of interest in family and friends

A

major depressive disorder

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3
Q

a person alternates between hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania

A

bipolar disorder

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4
Q

a mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state; over-talkative, overactive, elated, little need for sleep, etc

A

mania (manic)

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5
Q

______ are nearly twice as vulnerable to major depression

A

women

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6
Q

_____ and ______ changes accompany depression

A

behavioral and cognitive

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7
Q

a group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions; (split mind); not multiple personalities

A

schizophrenia

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8
Q

false beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders

A

delusions

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9
Q

false sensory experiences, such as hearing voices that are not actually there

A

hallucinations

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10
Q

no expression of emotion

A

flat affect

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11
Q

motionless for hours then become agitated

A

catatonia

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12
Q

preoccupation with delusions or hallucinations

A

paranoid

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13
Q

disorganized speech, behavior

A

disorganized

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14
Q

immobility, extreme negativism

A

catatonic

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15
Q

many and varied symptoms

A

undifferentiated

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16
Q

withdrawal, after delusions and hallucinations have disappeared

A

residual

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17
Q

__ in ___ people will be diagnosed with schizophrenia

A

1 in 100

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18
Q

presence of behaviors

A

positive symptoms

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19
Q

absence of appropriate behaviors

A

negative symptoms

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20
Q

exhibit the persistent and incapacitating negative symptom of withdrawal; recovery is doubtful; slow developing

A

chronic (process) schizophrenia

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21
Q

sudden onset of symptoms, often following life stresses; recovery is much more likely

A

acute (reactive) schizophrenia

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22
Q
  • mother severely schizophrenic
  • birth complications (low weight/oxygen deprivation)
  • separation from parents
  • short attention span
  • poor muscle coordination
  • disruptive or withdrawn behavior
  • emotional unpredictability
  • poor peer relations and solo play
A

possible warning signs of schizophrenia

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23
Q

psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning

A

personality disorders

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24
Q

excessive sensitivity to rejection, humiliation, or shame; socially withdrawn

A

avoidant personality disorder

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25
lacking in self-reliance and self-esteem; passive and subordinate to others
dependent personality disorder
26
includes avoidant and dependent personality disorders
anxiety cluster of personality disorders
27
deficit in capacity for forming relationships; showing absence of warm feelings for others
schizoid
28
showing social deficits and oddities of thinking, perception, and communication
schizotypal
29
showing pervasive and unwarranted suspiciousness and mistrust
paranoid
30
includes schizoid, schizotypal, and paranoid personality disorders
eccentric cluster of personality disorders
31
overly dramatic; exaggerated emotion, egocentric, attention seeking
histrionic
32
grandiosity, preoccupied with success fantasies; expecting special treatment; lacking empathy
narcissistic
33
unstable self-image, mood, and relationships; impulsive and unpredictable
borderline
34
chronically violating the rights of others; failing to accept social norms, or to form attachments, or to sustain consistent work behavior: exploitative and reckless
antisocial
35
includes histrionic, narcissistic, borderline, and antisocial personality disorders
dramatic and impulsive cluster of personality disorders
36
the person (usually a man) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing; may be aggressive and ruthless or a clever con artist; sociopath or psychopath
antisocial personality disorder
37
deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional patterns of thoughts, feelings, or behaviors
psychological disorder
38
psychological disorder marked by the appearance by age 7 of one or more of three key symptoms: extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity; frontal lobe is about 3 years behind normal
attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
39
French man, who insitied that madness was not demon possession; wanted to use a moral treatment that would boost morale
Philippe Pinel
40
the concept that diseases have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and, in most cases, cured, often in a hospital
medical model
41
fourth edition, updated as a 2000 "text revision"; widely used system for classifying disorders
DSM-IV-TR (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders)
42
classifies physical and mental illness
International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10)
43
focuses on what's wrong, casts too wide a net, and number of categories has swelled
criticisms of the DSM
44
a legal term used that is not a technical psychological term
insanity label
45
violent, have a big break in reality
stereotypes of the mentally ill
46
psychological disorders that are characterized by distressing persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety
anxiety disorders
47
disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous arousal; 2/3 of people with the disorder are women
generalized anxiety disorder
48
disorder that is marked by unpredictable, minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror, and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations
panic disorder
49
disorder that is marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object, activity or situation
phobia
50
intense fear of being scrutinized by others where people avoid potentially embarrassing social situations
social phobia
51
fear of a situation where escape might be difficult
agoraphobia
52
disorder that is characterized by unwanted, repetitive thoughts and/or actions
obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
53
disorder that is characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience; "shell shock" or "battle fatigue"; not just due to a war situation
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
54
positive psychological changes as a result of struggling with extremely challenging circumstances and life crises
post-traumatic growth
55
occurs when a person develops a fear to all of something after one event
stimulus generalization
56
monitors our actions and checks for errors
anterior cingulate cortex
57
psychological disorders in which the symptoms take a bodily form without apparent physical cause
somatoform disorders
58
a rare somatoform disorder in which a person experiences very specific genuine physical symptoms for which no physiological basis can be found
conversion disorder
59
a somatoform disorder in which a person interprets normal physical sensations as symptoms of a disease
hypochondriasis
60
disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings
dissociative disorders
61
lost memory for one's personal identity because of a trauma
fugue state
62
a rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities; formally called multiple personality disorder
dissociative identity disorder (DID)

Psychology (18 decks)

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