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Psychology > 12- Abnormal Psychology > Flashcards

12- Abnormal Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes

A

mood disorders

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2
Q

a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or a medical condition, two or more weeks of significantly depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and diminished interest or pleasure in most activities; lethargy and loss of interest in family and friends

A

major depressive disorder

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3
Q

a person alternates between hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania

A

bipolar disorder

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4
Q

a mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state; over-talkative, overactive, elated, little need for sleep, etc

A

mania (manic)

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5
Q

______ are nearly twice as vulnerable to major depression

A

women

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6
Q

_____ and ______ changes accompany depression

A

behavioral and cognitive

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7
Q

a group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions; (split mind); not multiple personalities

A

schizophrenia

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8
Q

false beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders

A

delusions

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9
Q

false sensory experiences, such as hearing voices that are not actually there

A

hallucinations

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10
Q

no expression of emotion

A

flat affect

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11
Q

motionless for hours then become agitated

A

catatonia

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12
Q

preoccupation with delusions or hallucinations

A

paranoid

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13
Q

disorganized speech, behavior

A

disorganized

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14
Q

immobility, extreme negativism

A

catatonic

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15
Q

many and varied symptoms

A

undifferentiated

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16
Q

withdrawal, after delusions and hallucinations have disappeared

A

residual

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17
Q

__ in ___ people will be diagnosed with schizophrenia

A

1 in 100

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18
Q

presence of behaviors

A

positive symptoms

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19
Q

absence of appropriate behaviors

A

negative symptoms

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20
Q

exhibit the persistent and incapacitating negative symptom of withdrawal; recovery is doubtful; slow developing

A

chronic (process) schizophrenia

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21
Q

sudden onset of symptoms, often following life stresses; recovery is much more likely

A

acute (reactive) schizophrenia

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22
Q
  • mother severely schizophrenic
  • birth complications (low weight/oxygen deprivation)
  • separation from parents
  • short attention span
  • poor muscle coordination
  • disruptive or withdrawn behavior
  • emotional unpredictability
  • poor peer relations and solo play
A

possible warning signs of schizophrenia

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23
Q

psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning

A

personality disorders

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24
Q

excessive sensitivity to rejection, humiliation, or shame; socially withdrawn

A

avoidant personality disorder

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25
Q

lacking in self-reliance and self-esteem; passive and subordinate to others

A

dependent personality disorder

26
Q

includes avoidant and dependent personality disorders

A

anxiety cluster of personality disorders

27
Q

deficit in capacity for forming relationships; showing absence of warm feelings for others

28
Q

showing social deficits and oddities of thinking, perception, and communication

A

schizotypal

29
Q

showing pervasive and unwarranted suspiciousness and mistrust

30
Q

includes schizoid, schizotypal, and paranoid personality disorders

A

eccentric cluster of personality disorders

31
Q

overly dramatic; exaggerated emotion, egocentric, attention seeking

A

histrionic

32
Q

grandiosity, preoccupied with success fantasies; expecting special treatment; lacking empathy

A

narcissistic

33
Q

unstable self-image, mood, and relationships; impulsive and unpredictable

A

borderline

34
Q

chronically violating the rights of others; failing to accept social norms, or to form attachments, or to sustain consistent work behavior: exploitative and reckless

A

antisocial

35
Q

includes histrionic, narcissistic, borderline, and antisocial personality disorders

A

dramatic and impulsive cluster of personality disorders

36
Q

the person (usually a man) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing; may be aggressive and ruthless or a clever con artist; sociopath or psychopath

A

antisocial personality disorder

37
Q

deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional patterns of thoughts, feelings, or behaviors

A

psychological disorder

38
Q

psychological disorder marked by the appearance by age 7 of one or more of three key symptoms: extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity; frontal lobe is about 3 years behind normal

A

attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

39
Q

French man, who insitied that madness was not demon possession; wanted to use a moral treatment that would boost morale

A

Philippe Pinel

40
Q

the concept that diseases have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and, in most cases, cured, often in a hospital

A

medical model

41
Q

fourth edition, updated as a 2000 “text revision”; widely used system for classifying disorders

A

DSM-IV-TR (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders)

42
Q

classifies physical and mental illness

A

International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10)

43
Q

focuses on what’s wrong, casts too wide a net, and number of categories has swelled

A

criticisms of the DSM

44
Q

a legal term used that is not a technical psychological term

A

insanity label

45
Q

violent, have a big break in reality

A

stereotypes of the mentally ill

46
Q

psychological disorders that are characterized by distressing persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety

A

anxiety disorders

47
Q

disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous arousal; 2/3 of people with the disorder are women

A

generalized anxiety disorder

48
Q

disorder that is marked by unpredictable, minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror, and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations

A

panic disorder

49
Q

disorder that is marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object, activity or situation

50
Q

intense fear of being scrutinized by others where people avoid potentially embarrassing social situations

A

social phobia

51
Q

fear of a situation where escape might be difficult

A

agoraphobia

52
Q

disorder that is characterized by unwanted, repetitive thoughts and/or actions

A

obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

53
Q

disorder that is characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience; “shell shock” or “battle fatigue”; not just due to a war situation

A

post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

54
Q

positive psychological changes as a result of struggling with extremely challenging circumstances and life crises

A

post-traumatic growth

55
Q

occurs when a person develops a fear to all of something after one event

A

stimulus generalization

56
Q

monitors our actions and checks for errors

A

anterior cingulate cortex

57
Q

psychological disorders in which the symptoms take a bodily form without apparent physical cause

A

somatoform disorders

58
Q

a rare somatoform disorder in which a person experiences very specific genuine physical symptoms for which no physiological basis can be found

A

conversion disorder

59
Q

a somatoform disorder in which a person interprets normal physical sensations as symptoms of a disease

A

hypochondriasis

60
Q

disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings

A

dissociative disorders

61
Q

lost memory for one’s personal identity because of a trauma

A

fugue state

62
Q

a rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities; formally called multiple personality disorder

A

dissociative identity disorder (DID)

Psychology (18 decks)

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