3.5 Ketogenesis

Question 1

Steps in Ketogenesis

Answer 1

Condensation by Beta-ketothiolase (acetoacetyl coA thiolase)
Condensation by HMG CoA Synthase
Cleavage by HMG CoA lyase

Question 2

Where HMG CoA synthase is present

Answer 2

In liver mitochondrial cells

Question 3

HMG CoA synthase, if present in cytoplasm produces ___ and if present in the liver produces ___

Answer 3

Cholesterol

Ketone bodies

Question 4

First ketone body formed

Answer 4

Acetoacetate

Question 5

Product of HMG CoA lyase

Answer 5

Acetoacetate + Acetyl CoA

Question 6

Produces D-beta-Hydroxybutyrate

Answer 6

NADH dependent D-Beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase

Question 7

Predominant KB in the blood and urine in ketosis

Answer 7

B-hydroxybutyrate

Question 8

What reaction produces acetone

Answer 8

Spontaneous non-enzymatic decarboxylation of acetoacetate

Question 9

Released in the formation of acetone

Answer 9

Co2

Question 10

Increased insulin/glucagon ratio regulates ketogenesis by

Answer 10

inhibiting acetyl CoA Carboxylase

Question 11

Decreased malonyl coa levels regulates ketogenesis by

Answer 11

Activating CPT, therefore increasing Ketogenesis

Question 12

Number of ATPs produced for each acetyl coa that undergoes TCA

Answer 12

12 ATPs