3.4. The Endocrine System Flashcards
What are the key glands? (6)
- hypothalamus
- pituitary gland
- pineal gland
- adrenal gland
- ovaries
- testes
What is the effect of the hypothalamus?
Stimulates and controls the releases of hormones form the pituitary gland
What is the main hormone released from the POSTERIOR pituitary gland?
Oxytocin
What is the main hormone released from the ANTERIOR pituitary gland?
ACTH
What is the effect of the hormone released from the ANTERIOR pituitary gland?
ACTH stimulates the adrenal cortex and release of cortisol during the stress response
What is the effect of the hormone released from the POSTERIOR pituitary gland?
Oxytocin is responsible for uterus contractions during childbirth
What hormone is released from the pineal gland?
Melatonin
What is the effect of the hormone released from the pineal gland?
Melatonin is responsible for important biological cycles, including the sleep- wake cycle
What hormone is released from the adrenal medulla in the adrenal gland?
Adrenaline/noradrenaline
What hormone is released from the adrenal cortex in the adrenal gland?
Cortisol
What is the effect of the hormone released from the adrenal medulla?
Adrenaline and noradrenaline are key hormones in the fight or flight response
What is the effect of the hormone released from the adrenal cortex?
Cortisol stimulates the release of glucose to provide the body with energy while suppressing the immune system
What hormone is released from the ovaries?
Oestrogen
What is the effect of the hormone released from the ovaries?
Oestrogen controls the regulation of the female reproductive system, including the menstrual cycle and pregnancy
What hormone is released from the testes?
Testosterone
