[34] Biochemistry of the Reproductive System

Question 1

What is the primary function of the reproductive system?

Answer 1

It is responsible for reproduction and propagation of our species.

Question 2

What are the major components of the male reproductive system?

Answer 2

1. Testes
2. Seminal vesicles
3. Prostate gland
4. Penis
5. Vas deferens

Question 3

What are the major components of the female reproductive system?

Answer 3

1. Ovaries
2. Fallopian tubes
3. Uterus
4. Vagina
5. Vulva

Question 4

What are hormones involved in the reproductive system?

Answer 4

1. Estrogen
2. Progesterone
3. Testosterone
4. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
5. Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 5

Define FSH.

Answer 5

Follicle-stimulating hormone, a gonadotropic hormone that is involved in the growth and maturation of eggs in females and sperm in males.

Question 6

Define LH.

Answer 6

Luteinizing hormone, a gonadotropic hormone that triggers ovulation and stimulates the production of estrogen and progesterone in females, and testosterone in males.

Question 7

What is the role of estrogen?

Answer 7

It regulates the menstrual cycle and is also involved in the development of secondary sexual characteristics in females.

Question 8

What is the role of progesterone?

Answer 8

It prepares the endometrium for pregnancy and helps maintain it during early pregnancy.

Question 9

What is the role of testosterone?

Answer 9

It promotes the development of secondary sexual characteristics in males and stimulates sperm production.

Question 10

What is the menstrual cycle?

Answer 10

A regular cycle of changes in the female reproductive system that leads to the release of an egg from the ovary and the preparation of the uterus for pregnancy.

Question 11

What is ovulation?

Answer 11

The release of an egg from the ovary, typically once in each menstrual cycle.

Question 12

What are primary sex characteristics?

Answer 12

The sex organs involved in reproduction, such as ovaries in females and testes in males.

Question 13

What are secondary sex characteristics?

Answer 13

Traits that are not directly involved in reproduction but distinguish males and females, such as breast development in females and facial hair in males.

Question 14

What is spermatogenesis?

Answer 14

The process of sperm production in males.

Question 15

What is oogenesis?

Answer 15

The process of egg production in females.

Question 16

What is menopause?

Answer 16

The time in a woman’s life when menstrual periods stop permanently, signifying the end of her ability to reproduce.

Question 17

What is semen?

Answer 17

The fluid that contains sperm and other substances, produced by males for reproduction.

Question 18

What is fertilization?

Answer 18

The fusion of a sperm and an egg to form a zygote, which will develop into an embryo.

Question 19

What is implantation?

Answer 19

The process in which the fertilized egg (zygote) attaches to the wall of the uterus to begin development.

Question 20

What is pregnancy?

Answer 20

The period from conception to birth, when a woman carries a developing fetus in her uterus.