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[15] Comprehensive Biochemistry > [08] Vitamins and Minerals > Flashcards

[08] Vitamins and Minerals Flashcards

1
Q

What are vitamins?

A

Organic compounds required as nutrients in tiny amounts by an organism.

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2
Q

What are minerals?

A

Inorganic substances needed by the human body for good health.

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3
Q

Name the two types of vitamins.

A
  • Fat-soluble
  • Water-soluble
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4
Q

What are fat-soluble vitamins?

A

Vitamins A, D, E, and K.

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5
Q

What are water-soluble vitamins?

A

B-vitamins and vitamin C.

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6
Q

What is the role of vitamin A?

A

Vision, immune function, reproduction, and cellular communication.

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7
Q

What is the role of vitamin D?

A

Calcium absorption for bone health.

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8
Q

What is the role of vitamin E?

A

Acts as an antioxidant, protecting cells from damage.

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9
Q

What is the role of vitamin K?

A

Aids in blood clotting and bone metabolism.

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10
Q

What is the role of B-vitamins?

A

Energy production, immune function, and iron absorption.

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11
Q

What is the role of vitamin C?

A

Collagen synthesis, immune function, and acts as an antioxidant.

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12
Q

Name some essential minerals.

A
  • Calcium
  • Iron
  • Magnesium
  • Zinc
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13
Q

What is the role of calcium?

A

Bone health, muscle function, and nerve signaling.

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14
Q

What is the role of iron?

A

Required for the production of hemoglobin.

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15
Q

What is the role of magnesium?

A

Required for many biochemical reactions in the body.

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16
Q

What is the role of zinc?

A

Needed for immune function, protein synthesis, and DNA synthesis.

17
Q

What are trace minerals?

A

Minerals needed in very small amounts, such as iodine, selenium, and copper.

18
Q

What is the role of iodine?

A

Required for thyroid function and making thyroid hormones.

19
Q

What is the role of selenium?

A

Important for reproduction, thyroid gland function, DNA production, and protecting the body from damage caused by free radicals.

20
Q

What is the role of copper?

A

Aids in iron absorption, helps with energy production, and is necessary for some antioxidant defense.

[15] Comprehensive Biochemistry (42 decks)

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