[14] Metabolism Overview Flashcards
What is metabolism?
The set of chemical reactions that occur in living organisms to maintain life.
What are the two main types of metabolism?
- Anabolism
- Catabolism
What is anabolism?
The process of building up or synthesizing compounds.
What is catabolism?
The process of breaking down compounds.
What is the primary purpose of catabolism?
To generate energy.
What is the primary purpose of anabolism?
To build and repair body tissues, and to store energy.
What is ATP?
Adenosine triphosphate, the main energy currency of the cell.
How is ATP produced?
Primarily through cellular respiration.
What are the three stages of cellular respiration?
Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain.
Where does glycolysis occur?
In the cytoplasm of the cell.
Where do the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain occur?
In the mitochondria of the cell.
What is the end product of glycolysis?
- Pyruvate
What is the main product of the Krebs cycle?
- NADH
- FADH2
What is the primary role of the electron transport chain?
To produce ATP.
What are metabolic pathways?
A series of chemical reactions in a cell.
What is a rate-limiting step in a metabolic pathway?
The slowest step in the pathway.
What is feedback inhibition?
A process where the product of a metabolic pathway inhibits an earlier step in the pathway.
What is basal metabolic rate (BMR)?
The rate of energy expenditure at rest.
What factors can affect BMR?
- Age
- Gender
- Weight
- Body composition
- Diet
- Physical activity
What is metabolic syndrome?
A group of conditions that increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes.
