3.3 Blood pressure

Question 1

What is blood pressure

Answer 1

Outward pressure exerted by blood on the walls of the blood vessels

• -like a hose and a faucet- things which impact the pressure
• size of the opening of the holes
• volume of liquid being pushed through the holes
• how flexible the walls of hoses are

Question 2

Hypertension

Answer 2

The pressure of blood on the walls of the blood vessels is consistently too high

Question 3

Systolic blood pressure

Answer 3

First number that indicates how much pressure is exerted by blood against special walls when the heart beats

Question 4

Diastolic blood pressure

Answer 4

the second number indicates how pressure by blood is exerted against the vessel walls where the heart is resting between beats

Question 5

Normal blood pressure range

Answer 5

systolic less than 120 and diastolic less than 80

both 2003 and 2017 AHA

Question 6

Elevated/at risk blood pressure

Answer 6

2003
Systolic
120-139 
Diastolic 
80-89

2017- 120 to 129 Systolic
2017- less than 80. Diastolic

Question 7

High blood pressure hypertension stage one

Answer 7

2017 130 to 139 systolic OR 80 to 89 diastolic

2003

systolic: 140 mm Hg or higher
diastolic: 90 mm Hg or higher

Question 8

Hi blood pressure hypertension stage two

Answer 8

140 or higher systolic OR 90 or higher diastolic

Question 9

Hypertensive crisis

Answer 9

Higher than 180 systolic and or higher than 120 diastolic

Question 10

Video five symptoms of high blood pressure

Answer 10

See video

Question 11

Signs and symptoms of hypertension

Answer 11

Headaches 
dizziness 
blurred vision 
heart palpitations 
shortness of breath 
nose bleeds 
severe anxiety

Question 12

Organs affected by Hypertension

Answer 12

Damage to
heart, brain, eyes, kidneys
sexual dysfunction

Question 13

Heart Damage-Hypertention

Answer 13

• Heart attack- when the blood supply to the heart is blocked and the muscle begins to die
• heart failure -heart can’t pump enough blood to tissues *angina and chest pain - as a result of damage vessels not delivering enough blood to heart

Question 14

Brain damage-Hypertension

Answer 14

*Vascular dementia/mild cognitive impairment - reduce blood flow to the brain caused by damage vessels *stroke - damage vessels in our rupture or leak or blood cots form brain is deprived of oxygen and cells die *headache - high blood pressure affect the blood brain barrier and can result in pressure on the brain

Question 15

eye damage-Hypertenstion

Answer 15

• Retinopathy -damage to the light sensitive tissues lining I can cause bleeding in the eye blurred vision or blindness
• optic nerve damage -blocked blood flow causes nerve damage and possible bleeding in the eye or vision loss

Question 16

kidney damage-Hypertension

Answer 16

Chronic kidney failure -hypertension is one of the most common causes damage blood vessels prevent kidney some adequately filtering waste from your blood allowing dangerous levels of waste accumulate in the blood

Question 17

Sexual dysfunction in males- hypertension

Answer 17

Erectile dysfunction decreased blood flow to the penis and damaged blood vessels

Question 18

Sexual dysfunction females -hypertension

Answer 18

Vaginal dryness lack of desire

Question 19

Risk factors for developing hypertension -medical

Answer 19

Obesity diabetes inflammation

Question 20

Risk Factors Hypertension determinants

Answer 20

Genetics age sex ethnicity

Question 21

Respecters hypertension lifestyle

Answer 21

Diet smoking excess alcohol sanitary

Question 22

Medical respecters hypertension obesity

Answer 22

Obesity increased cardiac output equals higher blood pressure bad hormones increase inflammation which impacts health of blood vessels

Question 23

Medical risk factors hypertension diabetes

Answer 23

High glucose in the blood decreases the vasodilator nitric oxide and blood vessels leading to vessel narrowing
six of 10 people diabetes also have hypertension

Question 24

Non-modifiable determinants

Answer 24

Heredity family history
older age
sex - no difference
ethnicity-People higher risk

Question 25

Lifestyle risk factors

Answer 25

• Diet -high sodium and low potassium
• tobacco use -smoking can damage heart and blood vessels /nicotine raises blood pressure
• excess alcohol -more than two servings per day for meals and one serving per day for females
• physical inactivity - poor health of heart and blood vessels/increased risk of obesity

Question 26

Dietary changes high blood pressure

Answer 26

-Mediterranean or dash diet 
minerals 
-high in magnesium calcium and potassium and sodium ---high in fiber 
-reduce processed food 
moderate or no alcohol

Question 27

High blood pressure - Exercise

Answer 27

• Endurance/aerobic exercise 30 minutes a day continuous or accumulated five days a week
• resistance training optional used in addition to aerobic

Question 28

High blood pressure-Sleep

Answer 28

Minimum seven hours nightly during sleep blood pressure goes down sleep problems means it stays here longer

Question 29

High blood pressure- Quit smoking

Answer 29

Smoking is associated with 4 mm rise in systolic blood pressure and 3 mm rise and diastolic

Question 30

High blood pressure healthy weight

Answer 30

Dietary interventions and weight loss can reduce blood pressure a 10 pound weight loss we do systolic pressure on average 6 mm

Question 31

Stress management blood pressure

Answer 31

Mindfulness practices relaxation response biofeedback MBS or meditation yoga tai chi Qi Gong