3.2 Right Realists On Crime & Deviance Flashcards

1
Q

What do realist approaches view crime?

A

As a real rising issue

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2
Q

How do realists think we should tackle crime?

A

With Real practical methods

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3
Q

What did Wilson say regarding poverty and crime?

A

Poverty doesn’t cause crime

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4
Q

What evidence does Wilson use to argue that poverty doesn’t cause crime?

A

Crime is increasing as well as living standards

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5
Q

(Against Wilson) what else has increased suggesting that there may be a link between crime and poverty?

A

The gap between the richest and poorest

Relative deprivation may link to crime

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6
Q

Do right realists believe the stats?

A

Yes

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7
Q

What do right realists seek to explain?

A

Why most crime is committed by young working class men

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8
Q

What did Wilson say young men are which makes them more prone to crime?

A

Temperamentally aggressive

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9
Q

Wilson provides what evidence for males being temperamentally aggressive?

A

Proportion of men in the population dropping, crime rate rising

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10
Q

Wilson also says social factors play a role in making young w/c men more prone to crime, how?

A

Culture of immediate gratification and self expression leads to lack of discipline and self control

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11
Q

Hirschi talks about control theory what does he say?

A

We are all tempted to commit crime but our social bonds stop us

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12
Q

Hirschi says social bonds have 4 elements what are these?

A

The stronger our attachments to school/family
The more we develop commitments
Leading to involvement in family life
Encouraging a belief in conformity

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13
Q

Hirschi also says what is a distinguishing feature of offenders?

A

Lack of control

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14
Q

who does murray blame for crime?

A

the underclass

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15
Q

what does murray say the underclass reject?

A

mainstream norms and values

social control of family and community

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16
Q

what does murray say overgenerous welfare benefits allow for?

A

single mothers

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17
Q

(murray) what does murray say about single mothers?

A

don’t provide discipline and adequate socialisation

lack of a male role model

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18
Q

(murray) what happens to the fathers?

A

don’t have a role within the family

resort to crime and violence in order to prove themselves men

19
Q

(murray) what exists amongst the underclass?

A

lack of disapproval and social control - don’t care about crime, they expect it

20
Q

what does murray say the solution to crime is?

A

reducing welfare benefits
mothers have to turn to husbands as a breadwinner
fathers remain in their role providing discipline and a male role model for their kids

21
Q

what does murray say happens to the boys of single mothers?

A

lack of socialisation and respect for norms and values more likely to resort to crime

22
Q

Hirschi - the stronger a teens bonds with parents and teachers the less likely they would do what?

A

Committ crime

23
Q

Rational choice theory says crime is based on what?

A

A choice of benefits vs risks

24
Q

RCT - of punishments are too lenient there is a low what?

A

Cost of crime so more people will commit it

25
RCT - to reduce opportunity for crime what needs to be put in place?
Target hardening | Surveillance
26
RCT - criticism - assumes all crimes are rational and what?
About gain
27
RCT - criticism - ignore what types of crime?
Emotionally motivated
28
RCT - criticism - assumes everybody would be what?
Tempted to commit crime
29
What did Wilson and Kelling talk about?
Broken windows
30
Broken windows - if police are in control residents are more likely to do what?
Report crimes and become involved in informal social control
31
Broken windows - of social order is maintained in an area people are less likely to do what?
Commit crime
32
Broken windows - with a lack of informal control what develops?
Criminal culture
33
Broken windows - if a criminal culture develops what is there no point doing?
Policing | They should focus on areas they can help
34
Strengths - right realists provide realistic what?
Solutions to crime e.g. Surveillance
35
Strengths - Hirschi's evidence - studied how many young people in california?
4000
36
Strength - Hirschi's evidence - bonds with parents and teachers were more significant than what in variations in delinquency?
Economic factors
37
Weakness - Marxists would say the focus on street crimes ignores what?
Corporate crime
38
Weakness - assume the stats provide a valid what?
Picture of a typical offender | Interactionists would say the stats are socially constructed
39
Weakness - murrays view is deterministic, how?
Assuming boys from single parent underclass families will be inadequately socialised and become criminals
40
Weakness - wilsons solution is to imprison wicked people what is the issue with this?
Little evidence it works
41
Weakness - some sociologists have what issue with using surveillance to create a culture of control?
Threat to civil liberties - privacy
42
Weakness - the focus on bonds and socialisation ignores what?
Other factors such as relative deprivation - study in 196 Chicago neighbourhoods found economic disadvantage underpinned crime
43
Weakness - despite rising living standards what has happened?
The gap between the richest and poorest has widened resulting in relative deprivation