2.2 Weber & Marxists On Ethnic Inequality

Question 1

Weber (Class) what is market situation?

Answer 1

Workers knowledge and skill

It affects wages

Question 2

Weber (Class) what is work situation?

Answer 2

Some workers having more control and autonomy

Question 3

Weber (Class) what are most whites people likely to have in comparison to EMs?

Answer 3

Higher market and work situation

Question 4

Weber (Status) what is it difficult for EM members to do?

Answer 4

Compete for jobs

Question 5

Weber (Status) what can social closure lead to?

Answer 5

Exclusion

Question 6

Weber (Status) what can middle class EM members experience? Give an example:

Answer 6

Discrimination and low status

Patients refusing to see Asian doctors

Question 7

Weber (Barron and Norris) what is the primary labour market?

Answer 7

Well paid secure jobs with good promotional prospects

Question 8

Weber (Barron and Norris) who dominate the primary labour market?

Answer 8

White men

Question 9

Weber (Barron and Norris) what is the secondary labour market?

Answer 9

Worst paid jobs
Poor conditions
Least security

Question 10

Weber (Barron and Norris) who dominate the secondary labour market and why?

Answer 10

Ethnic minority members

Due to low status

Question 11

Weber (Barron and Norris) what do employers subscribe to?

Answer 11

Racist beliefs about the instability of ethnic minorities

Question 12

Weber (Barron and Norris)how do employers discriminate against EM members?

Answer 12

Not employing them or denying them promotion

Question 13

Weber - Barron and Norris provide a useful insight into what?

Answer 13

Division of the labour market

Question 14

Weber (Barron and Norris) criticism - what do they not account for?

Answer 14

Success of ethnic minority members e.g. Wealthiest men in the U.K.

Question 15

Weber (Barron and Norris) criticism who do they ignore?

Answer 15

EM women

Who are mainly concentrated in the secondary labour market

Question 16

Weber (Rex and Tomlinson) what effect does material disadvantage have on EMs?

Answer 16

Cuts them off from white w/c
Form an underclass in poor housing and education

Question 17

Weber (Rex and Tomlinson) the disadvantages of EMs were worsened by what?

Answer 17

Status inequality due to hostility

Question 18

Weber (Rex and Tomlinson) the EM members felt what?

Answer 18

Marginalised
Alienated
Frustrated

Question 19

Weber (Rex and Tomlinson) in capitalist societies who are the ultimate victims?

Answer 19

Underclass - where EMs are mainly concentrated

Question 20

Weber (Rex and Tomlinson) how would the new right criticise them?

Answer 20

Blame culture of ethnic minorities for the poverty they experience

Question 21

Weber (Rex and Tomlinson) what do they overemphasise?

Answer 21

Ethnic minority members as passive victims of racism

Chinese pupils are outperforming

Question 22

Marxism - what does immigration provide?

Answer 22

Cheap labour

Reserve army of labour

Question 23

Marxism what effect does immigration have on wages?

Answer 23

It drives them down

Question 24

Marxism (Cox) race is a what?

Answer 24

Human invention

Question 25

Marxism (Cox) what was early capitalism tied to?

Answer 25

Colonialism e.g. British empire and slavery

Question 26

Marxism (Cox) racism developed as a way to justify what?

Answer 26

Exploitation of the people in the colonies

Question 27

Marxism (Cox) if there was no capitalism, there would have been no what?

Answer 27

Racism

Question 28

Marxism (Cox) criticism - ideas are too simplistic as it is difficult to prove what?

Answer 28

Racism is a capitalist ideology

Question 29

Marxism (Cox) criticism - some argue cox is race blind why?

Answer 29

Didn't treat race as important in its own right | Focused more on economic differences

Question 30

Marxism (miles) how does miles agree with cox?

Answer 30

He says racism was originally used to justify exploitation

Question 31

Marxism (miles) at the end of colonialism what was racism replaced with?

Answer 31

Nationalism

Question 32

Marxism (miles) how is the class position of ethnic minorities complicated?

Answer 32

By then being socially and culturally different from white society

Question 33

Marxism (miles) what are racialised class fractions the result of?

Answer 33

Ethnic minority groups setting themselves apart and overly stressing ethnicity Prejudice and discrimination by whites

Question 34

Marxism (miles) what are m/c EM members often in and why?

Answer 34

``` Lowest paid and status middle class jobs White middle class fail to accept then as having higher status ```

Question 35

Marxism (castles and Kosack) where are immigrants concentrated?

Answer 35

Low skilled and paid jobs or unemployed

Question 36

Marxism (castles and Kosack) what do immigrants provide that capitalism needs?

Answer 36

Reserve army of labour

Question 37

Marxism (castles and Kosack) what do immigrants reduce?

Answer 37

Wages and bargaining power

Question 38

Marxism (castles and Kosack) why does capitalism need a reserve army of labour?

Answer 38

Booms and busts of capitalism

Question 39

Marxism (castles and Kosack) what does divide and rule do?

Answer 39

Turns w/c against each other | Immigrants provide a scapegoat

Question 40

Marxism (castles and Kosack) criticism - ignore not all EM members are what?

Answer 40

Disadvantaged | 5000 Muslim millionaires in britain

Question 41

Marxism (castles and Kosack) criticism - what does de industrialisation mean for immigrants?

Answer 41

Much tighter laws | They need higher skills to stay