2.4.1 Histology of Endocrine Cells Flashcards
Which endocrine organ doesn’t store its secretory products as secretory granules?
Parathyroid
What is the embryologic germ layer origin of the various endocrine glands?
Ecto - C cell of the thyroid, Pituitary gland, Adrenal medulla, Pineal (CPAP)
Meso - Adrenal Cortex, Leydig cells in testis (MAL)
Endo - Gut endocrine, Thyroid, Pancreatic Islets, Parathyroid (GET en PP)
Where do enteroendocrine cells store their small dense-core secretory granules?
Basal portion of the cell
Name some of the various endocrine glands throughout the body?
Hypothalmus, Pineal, Pituitary, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Pancreas, Adrenal, Gonads
Identify these structures!
What do each of these abbreviations stand for?
H = hypothalamus, S = stalk, AP = anterior pituitary, PP = posterior pituitary, V= 3rd ventricle, O = optic chiasm,
What two structures grow into eachother during the development of the pituitary?
Rathke’s pouch and the diencephalon
Identify these structures!
What are the two cell types?
Top: Basophil
Bottom: Acidophil
What are the yellow arrows pointing at?
Chromophobes - most likely represent endocrine cells that have somehow secreted most granules
What are the four types of basophils in the anterior pituitary?
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) - 20%
Thyroid stimulation hormone (TSH) - 5%
Luteinizing hormone (LH), Follicle-stimulating Hormone (FSH) - (5%)
B - FLAT
What are the two types of acidophils in the anterior pituitary?
Prolactin (PRL) - 20%
Growth Hormone (GH) - 50%
How can one differentiate b/t the different cell types of the anterior pituitary?
IHC
What two sites feed hormones to the posterior pituitary?
Paraventricular and Supraoptic nuclei
Identify these four structures in the posterior pituitary.
Which cells contain glial fibrillary acidic protein (an intermediate filament)?
Herring Bodies
The follicles in the center of this image are remnants of what?
Rathke’s Pouch
Where are fenestrated capillaries located along the BBB?
Median eminence
What gland is this? What is the dead giveaway that it is this gland?
Pineal gland
Dead giveaway: Corpora Arenacea (brain sand)
What do these abbreviations stand for?
S = brain sand which is calcified material
P = pinealocytes
N = (neuro)glial cells
What is the origin of the pineal gland?
It starts as an outgrowth of the diencephalon
What are these two glands?
Left - parathyroid
Right - thyroid
What are these?
Thyroid follicles
What are the three C’s of the clear cell?
Clear, Calcitonin producing, neural Crest
What is this an image of?
Hashimoto Thyroiditis
What is this an image of?
Medullary CA of the thyroid
What does the release of parathyroid do to electrolyte levels?
Increases Ca++
What gland is this? What are the two main types of cells?
Parathyroid
Chief cells and oxyphil cells
What is this?
An islet in the pancreas
Most of the pancreas is what?
Exocrine
Beta cells comprise what proportion of the islet?
80%
What is produced in the cortex? What is the embryological origin?
Steriods; Mesdoderm
What is produced in the medulla? What is the embryological origin?
Catecholamines; Neural crest
What are the layers of the adrenal gland?
What gland is this? What are the layers?
Adrenal
What is the important cell type in the adrenal medulla?
Chromaffin cell
What is this, yo
Pheochromocytoma
How do you feel about endocrine histology, lil doc?
