1.4.3 Tumors, Neoplastic and Urinary Tract Disorders Flashcards
What bladder carcinoma is most commonly associated with Schistosome haematobium infection?
Squamous cell carcinoma
What is this an image of in a 10-month-old?
Enlarged kidney on CT image
Given the age most likely Wilms Tumor
What is the best prognostic indicator for patients with RCC?
Stage of the tumor
What is an angiomyolipoma?
Benign tumor consisting of thick walled vessels, smooth muscle, and fat
What genetic conditions are associated with Wilms Tumor?
IDK maybe focus on the things in RED
Radiologically, how would an oncocytoma appear?
Solid mass with central stellate scar
What is this an image of?
Wilms tumor
What are we looking at?
Who knows
Could be a CT image of renal cell carcinoma
What is an important risk factor associated with urothelial cell carcinoma?
Tobacco
What are the characteristics of VHL?
Autosomal dominant disorder
Mutation in the VHL gene
Loss of tumor suppressor
What are the symptoms of cystitis?
Frequent urination
Flank pain
Pain while urinating (dysuria)
What can be a harmful outcome of a UTI?
Pylonephritis
What renal cell tumor is caused by loss of function of the WT-1 gene?
Nephroblastoma
What is this an image of?
Urothelial cell carcinoma
What is this an image of?
Oncocytoma - well circumscribed, dark tan mahogany, central stellate scar. This is a benign tumor.
What is this an image of?
Path slide of an oncocytoma.
An oncocyte is an epithelial cell characterized by an excessive amount of mitochondria, resulting in an abundant acidophilic, granular cytoplasm. Derived from the Greek root onco-, which means mass, bulk.
What is the most common agent associated with cystitis (inflammation of the bladder)?
E coli
What are some hereditary disorders associated with Renal Cell Carcinoma?
Von Hippel-Lindau Disease
Tuberous Sclerosis
AD adult polycystic kidney disease
What are some risk factors associated with renal cell carcinoma?
Smoking as always is a risk factor
What are these images of?
Wilms tumor
Where does an oncocytoma arise from?
The collecting duct
What syndromes are highly associated with Wilms tumor?
What is this an image of?
Chronic pylonephritis
What is the most common neoplasm of the renal pelvis and bladder?
Urothelial cell carcinoma
What is this an image of?
Kidney stone
What are the characteristics of acute pylonephritis?
Where are clear type RCC derived from?
Proximal tubule
What is the most common type of RCC?
What are the tumor characteristics of Wilms Tumor?
What is this an image of?
Angiomyolipoma - notice the triphasic composition of smooth muscle, fat, and thick walled vessels
What is this an image of?
Angiomyolipoma - notice the fatty appearance
What is this an image of?
Pylonephritis
What is the most common renal cell tumor?
Renal cell carcinoma
What is this an image of?
Urothelial cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis
What is this an image of?
Radiologic image of an oncocytoma
What is the most common symptom of renal cell carcinoma?
Hematuria
What renal tumor occurs most often in WAGR syndrome?
Wilms tumor
What is this an image of and why do it has this specific appearance?
RCC - These contain lipids and glycogen
What is the most common source of a UTI?
E. coli
What are the most common sites of metastasis for RCC?
Lungs
Bones
Lymph node
Adrenal gland
What are these images?
Gross
Images of renal cell carcinoma
Characteristics: Orange/yellow (from lipid), usually upper pole, well circumscribed (“pushing” borders), hemorrhage, necrosis and calcification are common (resulting in heterogeneous or variegated cut surface)
Frequent involvement of renal vein and renal sinus (particularly for large tumors)
May undergo cystic degeneration, may be multifocal; bilateral in 1% (usually with von Hippel Lindau or tuberous sclerosis)
What renal tumor occurs most often in patients with VHL mutation?
RCC
What is this an image of?
Wilms Tumor - triphasic pattern
What is this an image of?
Oncocytoma - EM image of abundant mitochondria
What is the most common renal cell tumor in infancy and childhood?
Nephroblastoma
Infarction or RCC?
This is an acute renal infarction. Note the wedge shape of this zone of coagulative necrosis resulting from loss of blood supply with resultant tissue ischemia that produces the pale infarct. The small amount of blood supply from the capsule supplies the immediate subcortical zone. The remaining cortex is congested, as is the medulla. Such an infarct might produce pain felt in the abdomen or flank. Hematuria could be present. Since only a small portion of cortex is affected, renal function should be unaffected
What is this an image of?
Wilms tumor
What are the characteristics of renal calculi?
What is this an image of?
Acute pylonephritis
Renal cell carcinoma clear type is most likely to arise from where?
Proximal tubule
