1.4.3 Tumors, Neoplastic and Urinary Tract Disorders

Question 1

What bladder carcinoma is most commonly associated with Schistosome haematobium infection?

Answer 1

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 2

What is this an image of in a 10-month-old?

Answer 2

Enlarged kidney on CT image

Given the age most likely Wilms Tumor

Question 3

What is the best prognostic indicator for patients with RCC?

Answer 3

Stage of the tumor

Question 4

What is an angiomyolipoma?

Answer 4

Benign tumor consisting of thick walled vessels, smooth muscle, and fat

Question 5

What genetic conditions are associated with Wilms Tumor?

Answer 5

IDK maybe focus on the things in RED

Question 6

Radiologically, how would an oncocytoma appear?

Answer 6

Solid mass with central stellate scar

Question 7

What is this an image of?

Answer 7

Wilms tumor

Question 8

What are we looking at?

Answer 8

Who knows

Could be a CT image of renal cell carcinoma

Question 9

What is an important risk factor associated with urothelial cell carcinoma?

Answer 9

Tobacco

Question 10

What are the characteristics of VHL?

Answer 10

Autosomal dominant disorder

Mutation in the VHL gene

Loss of tumor suppressor

Question 11

What are the symptoms of cystitis?

Answer 11

Frequent urination

Flank pain

Pain while urinating (dysuria)

Question 12

What can be a harmful outcome of a UTI?

Answer 12

Pylonephritis

Question 13

What renal cell tumor is caused by loss of function of the WT-1 gene?

Answer 13

Nephroblastoma

Question 14

What is this an image of?

Answer 14

Urothelial cell carcinoma

Question 15

What is this an image of?

Answer 15

Oncocytoma - well circumscribed, dark tan mahogany, central stellate scar. This is a benign tumor.

Question 16

What is this an image of?

Answer 16

Path slide of an oncocytoma.

An oncocyte is an epithelial cell characterized by an excessive amount of mitochondria, resulting in an abundant acidophilic, granular cytoplasm. Derived from the Greek root onco-, which means mass, bulk.

Question 17

What is the most common agent associated with cystitis (inflammation of the bladder)?

Answer 17

E coli

Question 18

What are some hereditary disorders associated with Renal Cell Carcinoma?

Answer 18

Von Hippel-Lindau Disease

Tuberous Sclerosis

AD adult polycystic kidney disease

Question 19

What are some risk factors associated with renal cell carcinoma?

Answer 19

Smoking as always is a risk factor

Question 20

What are these images of?

Answer 20

Wilms tumor

Question 21

Where does an oncocytoma arise from?

Answer 21

The collecting duct

Question 22

What syndromes are highly associated with Wilms tumor?

Answer 22

Question 23

What is this an image of?

Answer 23

Chronic pylonephritis

Question 24

What is the most common neoplasm of the renal pelvis and bladder?

Answer 24

Urothelial cell carcinoma

Question 25

What is this an image of?

Answer 25

Kidney stone

Question 26

What are the characteristics of acute pylonephritis?

Answer 26

Question 27

Where are clear type RCC derived from?

Answer 27

**Proximal tubule**

Question 28

What is the most common type of RCC?

Answer 28

Question 29

What are the tumor characteristics of Wilms Tumor?

Answer 29

Question 30

What is this an image of?

Answer 30

Angiomyolipoma - notice the triphasic composition of smooth muscle, fat, and thick walled vessels

Question 31

What is this an image of?

Answer 31

Angiomyolipoma - notice the fatty appearance

Question 32

What is this an image of?

Answer 32

Pylonephritis

Question 33

What is the most common renal cell tumor?

Answer 33

Renal cell carcinoma

Question 34

What is this an image of?

Answer 34

Urothelial cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis

Question 35

What is this an image of?

Answer 35

Radiologic image of an oncocytoma

Question 36

What is the most common symptom of renal cell carcinoma?

Answer 36

Hematuria

Question 37

What renal tumor occurs most often in WAGR syndrome?

Answer 37

Wilms tumor

Question 38

What is this an image of and why do it has this specific appearance?

Answer 38

RCC - These contain lipids and glycogen

Question 39

What is the most common source of a UTI?

Answer 39

*E. coli*

Question 40

What are the most common sites of metastasis for RCC?

Answer 40

Lungs Bones Lymph node Adrenal gland

Question 41

What are these images?

Answer 41

Gross Images of renal cell carcinoma **_Characteristics:_** Orange/yellow (from lipid), usually upper pole, well circumscribed (“pushing” borders), hemorrhage, necrosis and calcification are common (resulting in heterogeneous or variegated cut surface) Frequent involvement of renal vein and renal sinus (particularly for large tumors) May undergo cystic degeneration, may be multifocal; bilateral in 1% (usually with von Hippel Lindau or tuberous sclerosis)

Question 42

What renal tumor occurs most often in patients with VHL mutation?

Answer 42

RCC

Question 43

What is this an image of?

Answer 43

Wilms Tumor - triphasic pattern

Question 44

What is this an image of?

Answer 44

Oncocytoma - EM image of abundant mitochondria

Question 45

What is the most common renal cell tumor in infancy and childhood?

Answer 45

Nephroblastoma

Question 46

Infarction or RCC?

Answer 46

**This is an acute renal infarction**. Note the **wedge shape of this zone of coagulative necrosis resulting from loss of blood supply with resultant tissue ischemia that produces the pale infarct.** The small amount of blood supply from the capsule supplies the immediate subcortical zone. The remaining cortex is congested, as is the medulla. Such an infarct might produce pain felt in the abdomen or flank. Hematuria could be present. Since only a small portion of cortex is affected, renal function should be unaffected

Question 47

What is this an image of?

Answer 47

Wilms tumor

Question 48

What are the characteristics of renal calculi?

Answer 48

Question 49

What is this an image of?

Answer 49

Acute pylonephritis

Question 50

Renal cell carcinoma clear type is most likely to arise from where?

Answer 50

Proximal tubule