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Renal and Endocrine > 1.4.3 Tumors, Neoplastic and Urinary Tract Disorders > Flashcards

1.4.3 Tumors, Neoplastic and Urinary Tract Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What bladder carcinoma is most commonly associated with Schistosome haematobium infection?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

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2
Q

What is this an image of in a 10-month-old?

A

Enlarged kidney on CT image

Given the age most likely Wilms Tumor

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3
Q

What is the best prognostic indicator for patients with RCC?

A

Stage of the tumor

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4
Q

What is an angiomyolipoma?

A

Benign tumor consisting of thick walled vessels, smooth muscle, and fat

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5
Q

What genetic conditions are associated with Wilms Tumor?

A

IDK maybe focus on the things in RED

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6
Q

Radiologically, how would an oncocytoma appear?

A

Solid mass with central stellate scar

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7
Q

What is this an image of?

A

Wilms tumor

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8
Q

What are we looking at?

A

Who knows

Could be a CT image of renal cell carcinoma

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9
Q

What is an important risk factor associated with urothelial cell carcinoma?

A

Tobacco

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10
Q

What are the characteristics of VHL?

A

Autosomal dominant disorder

Mutation in the VHL gene

Loss of tumor suppressor

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11
Q

What are the symptoms of cystitis?

A

Frequent urination

Flank pain

Pain while urinating (dysuria)

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12
Q

What can be a harmful outcome of a UTI?

A

Pylonephritis

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13
Q

What renal cell tumor is caused by loss of function of the WT-1 gene?

A

Nephroblastoma

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14
Q

What is this an image of?

A

Urothelial cell carcinoma

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15
Q

What is this an image of?

A

Oncocytoma - well circumscribed, dark tan mahogany, central stellate scar. This is a benign tumor.

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16
Q

What is this an image of?

A

Path slide of an oncocytoma.

An oncocyte is an epithelial cell characterized by an excessive amount of mitochondria, resulting in an abundant acidophilic, granular cytoplasm. Derived from the Greek root onco-, which means mass, bulk.

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17
Q

What is the most common agent associated with cystitis (inflammation of the bladder)?

A

E coli

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18
Q

What are some hereditary disorders associated with Renal Cell Carcinoma?

A

Von Hippel-Lindau Disease

Tuberous Sclerosis

AD adult polycystic kidney disease

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19
Q

What are some risk factors associated with renal cell carcinoma?

A

Smoking as always is a risk factor

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20
Q

What are these images of?

A

Wilms tumor

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21
Q

Where does an oncocytoma arise from?

A

The collecting duct

22
Q

What syndromes are highly associated with Wilms tumor?

A
23
Q

What is this an image of?

A

Chronic pylonephritis

24
Q

What is the most common neoplasm of the renal pelvis and bladder?

A

Urothelial cell carcinoma

25
Q

What is this an image of?

A

Kidney stone

26
Q

What are the characteristics of acute pylonephritis?

A
27
Q

Where are clear type RCC derived from?

A

Proximal tubule

28
Q

What is the most common type of RCC?

A
29
Q

What are the tumor characteristics of Wilms Tumor?

A
30
Q

What is this an image of?

A

Angiomyolipoma - notice the triphasic composition of smooth muscle, fat, and thick walled vessels

31
Q

What is this an image of?

A

Angiomyolipoma - notice the fatty appearance

32
Q

What is this an image of?

A

Pylonephritis

33
Q

What is the most common renal cell tumor?

A

Renal cell carcinoma

34
Q

What is this an image of?

A

Urothelial cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis

35
Q

What is this an image of?

A

Radiologic image of an oncocytoma

36
Q

What is the most common symptom of renal cell carcinoma?

A

Hematuria

37
Q

What renal tumor occurs most often in WAGR syndrome?

A

Wilms tumor

38
Q

What is this an image of and why do it has this specific appearance?

A

RCC - These contain lipids and glycogen

39
Q

What is the most common source of a UTI?

A

E. coli

40
Q

What are the most common sites of metastasis for RCC?

A

Lungs

Bones

Lymph node

Adrenal gland

41
Q

What are these images?

A

Gross

Images of renal cell carcinoma

Characteristics: Orange/yellow (from lipid), usually upper pole, well circumscribed (“pushing” borders), hemorrhage, necrosis and calcification are common (resulting in heterogeneous or variegated cut surface)

Frequent involvement of renal vein and renal sinus (particularly for large tumors)

May undergo cystic degeneration, may be multifocal; bilateral in 1% (usually with von Hippel Lindau or tuberous sclerosis)

42
Q

What renal tumor occurs most often in patients with VHL mutation?

A

RCC

43
Q

What is this an image of?

A

Wilms Tumor - triphasic pattern

44
Q

What is this an image of?

A

Oncocytoma - EM image of abundant mitochondria

45
Q

What is the most common renal cell tumor in infancy and childhood?

A

Nephroblastoma

46
Q

Infarction or RCC?

A

This is an acute renal infarction. Note the wedge shape of this zone of coagulative necrosis resulting from loss of blood supply with resultant tissue ischemia that produces the pale infarct. The small amount of blood supply from the capsule supplies the immediate subcortical zone. The remaining cortex is congested, as is the medulla. Such an infarct might produce pain felt in the abdomen or flank. Hematuria could be present. Since only a small portion of cortex is affected, renal function should be unaffected

47
Q

What is this an image of?

A

Wilms tumor

48
Q

What are the characteristics of renal calculi?

A
49
Q

What is this an image of?

A

Acute pylonephritis

50
Q

Renal cell carcinoma clear type is most likely to arise from where?

A

Proximal tubule

Renal and Endocrine (46 decks)

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