21_Sjúkdómar í görnum Flashcards

1
Q

Hvaða meðfæddu sjúkdóma í görnum þarf að kunna?

A

1) Atresiu
2) Meckels diverticulum
3) Hirschsprung’s disease

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2
Q

Hverju veldur Hirschsprung?

A

Megacolon

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3
Q

Hver eru fyrstu einkenni Hirschsprung?

A

Vantar meconium (fyrstu hægðirnar) sem veldur uppköstum eftir 2-3 daga

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4
Q

Hver er orsök Hirschsprung?

A

Vantar ganglion frumur í Meissner’s ganglion plexusinn

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5
Q

Þrjár stærstu æðar meltingarvegarins?

A

1) Truncus coeliacus
2) Superior mesentric artery
3) Inferior mesenteric artery

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6
Q

Þrjú alvarleikastig ischemískra garnasjúkdómra?

A

a) mucosal
b) mural
c) transmural

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7
Q

Hvað getur valdið ischemískum garnasjúkdómum? (3)

A

1) Thrombosis í slagæð eða venu.
2) Hjartabilun
3) Volvulus

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8
Q

Hvað þýðir dysentery?

A

Blóðugur niðurgangur

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9
Q

Hvaða bakteríur sýkja meltingarveginn? (5)

A

1) E.coli
2) Salmonella
3) Shigella
4) Camhyolobacter
5) Yersinia
6) Vibrio cholerae
7) C.diff

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10
Q

Hverjar eru 3 algengustu orsakir malabsorptionar?

A

1) Krónískur pancreatitis
2) Celiac sjúkdómur
3) Crohn’s sjúkdómur

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11
Q

Hvað þýðir Celiac?

A

Tengist meltingarkerifnu

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12
Q

Hvað er Celiac sjúkdómur?

A

Ónæmisviðbrögð við glúteni sem eyðileggur villi í melt.veginum

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13
Q

Villi skemmd veldur alltaf..?

A

Malabsorption

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14
Q

Hvað er Whipple’s sjúkdómur?

A

Sýking af völdum Tropheryma whippelii.

Leiðir til malabsorptionar

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15
Q

Almenn klínísk einkenni malabsorptionar? (6)

A

1) Miklar hægðir
2) Fitusaur
3) Þyngdartap
4) Lystarleysi
5) Útþaninn kviður
6) Vindgangur

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