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WSET Diploma D3 - Wines of the World > 20.6 Spain - Catalunya > Flashcards

20.6 Spain - Catalunya Flashcards

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1
Q

What city provides a large local market for the consumption of Catalunya’s wines?

A

Barcelona

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2
Q

What are three (of 11) DOs within Catalunya (excluding the broad Catalunya DO itself)

A

1) Montsant DO
2) Penedes DO
3) Costers del Segre DO

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3
Q

What is the one DOCQ of Catalunya?

A

Priorat

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4
Q

What is Vi de Finca?

A

Catalunya’s scheme for exceptional wines from single estates.

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5
Q

What is Catalunya DO?

A

The widely used DO for grapes sourced from across the region including international varieties

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6
Q

Why might it be preferable for Catalunya DO to be used on a label than, say, Penedes DO?

A

Catalunya has better recognition in export markets

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7
Q

What are the three local varieties of Penedes?

A

1) Xarel-lo
2) Macabeo
3) Parellada

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8
Q

What are the most planted white and black international grape varieties in Penedes? (2)

A

1) Chardonnay
2) Merlot

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9
Q

What are the three climatic zones of Penedes running from the coast to further inland?

A

1) Penedes Maritim
2) Penedes Central
3) Penedes Superior

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10
Q

What is Penedes’ general climate and why?

A

1) Mediterranean
2) Warm without temperature extremes due to low altitude and close proximity to the sea

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11
Q

What wines are common of Penedes Maritim?

A

Full-bodied red wines from Monastrell

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12
Q

To what altitude are Penedes Central’s vineyards planted?

A

Low to 500m

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13
Q

To what altitude are Penedes Superior’s vineyards planted?

A

500-800m

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14
Q

What four white varieties are found in Penedes Superior?

A

Chardonnay
Sauvignon Blanc
Riesling
Gewurz

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15
Q

What black grape variety might be seen in Penedes Superior?

A

Pinot Noir

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16
Q

Why might Pinot Noir, Riesling and Gewurz thrive in Penedes Superior?

A

Altitude and diurnal range

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17
Q

May irrigation be used in Penedes?

A

Yes in cases of vine stress with the authorisation of the Con. Reg

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18
Q

What are the general soil characteristics of Penedes?

A

Loamy with some calcareous components that hold sufficient water during the growing season

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19
Q

Where is 65% of Penedes wines consumed?

A

Domestically

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20
Q

Describe a typical Penedes wine (white or red)

A

Fermented with short maturation in stainless steel for a clean, fruit, early drinking wines.

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21
Q

What is the climate of Priorat? (3)

A

1) Warm continental
2) Hot days, cool nights
3) Hot summers, cold winters

22
Q

Why is the climate of Priorat the way it is?

A

It is protected in the north (from cold winds) and south (from the Med) by mountain ranges

23
Q

In what two instances is irrigation permitted in Priorat?

A

1) To establish young vines
2) In the driest years

24
Q

What is the river that runs through Priorat, and what effect does it have?

A

1) Siurana
2) Creates a range of altitudes and aspects

25
Q

Name one of the three wineries that helped five Priorat’s reputation during the 1990s

A

Clos Mogador

26
Q

What is the local Priorat term for slopes?

A

Costers from 5-60% gradient

27
Q

Why are narrow terraces common in Priorat’s vineyards? (3)

A

1) Due to the gradient
2) To reduce soil erosion
3) To reduce surface run-off of rain

28
Q

To what altitude does Priorat extend?

A

100-750m

29
Q

What is llicorella?

A

The local term for the common slate-based soils of Priorat

30
Q

What are three advantages of llicorella?

A

1) Thin
2) Low in nutrients
3) Mica reflects light and heat onto the vines

31
Q

What aspect of Priorat’s geology allows vines to penetrate deep in search of water? Hint: same as in Douro

A

The bedrock of slate splits into vertical layers rather than horizontal

32
Q

Priorat’s yields can be as low as 5hL/ha. Why? (2)

A

1) Old vines
2) Low nutrient/water levels

33
Q

What is the maximum yield of Priorat?

A

39 hL/ha

34
Q

What are the two traditional local varieties of Priorat?

A

1) Garnacha
2) Carinena

35
Q

How might a traditional Priorat be made in the winery? (3)

A

1) Basket press
2) Large oak fermentation
3) 1-2 year maturation in French oak

36
Q

Why are cultured yeasts favoured in Priorat?

A

They can reliably ferment the high sugar grapes to dryness in a controlled period

37
Q

What are Priorat’s four classifications based on where grapes are grown and how do they loosely correspond to Burgundy?

A

1) Vi de Vila - 1/12 sub-zones
2) Vi de Paratge - lieu dit
3) Vinya Classificada - cru
4) Gran Vinya Classificada - grand cru

38
Q

The majority of Montsant DOs vineyards are where within the region?

A

Towards the south where the land flattens to the lower valley of the River Ebro

39
Q

What is the climate of Montsant DO?

A

More Mediterranean than Priorat due to proximity to the coast with less extreme summers and winters

40
Q

In which two seasons does most rain fall in Montsant?

A

Winter and spring

41
Q

Describe the soils of Montsant (2)

A

1) Patches of llicorella in the south with higher limestone content in the north and east
2) More fertile than Priorat

42
Q

Where is Montsant DO situated?

A

Surrounding Priorat

43
Q

What are the three primary black varieties of Montsant DO?

A

Garnacha, Carinena, Tempranillo

44
Q

Name a significant producer of Montsant DO

A

Celler de Capcanes

45
Q

What is the general wine style of Montsant?

A

Similar to Priorat i.e. Garnacha, Carinena in French oak with some Tempranillo allowed

46
Q

What is the climate of Costers del Segre DO?

A

Continental being towards the north of Catalunya and away from the Mediterranean

47
Q

What are the soils of Costers del Segre DO?

A

Sandy and free-draining

48
Q

What is the altitude of Costers del Segre?

A

200-700m

49
Q

Is irrigation permitted in Costers del Segre DO?

A

Yes, and often required due to sandy soils and low rainfall

50
Q

Name a significant producer in Costers del Segre

A

Raimat

51
Q

What is the general wine style of Costers del Segre?

A

Fresh, fruity and early drinking from Garnacha, Temp and Merlot, Cab

WSET Diploma D3 - Wines of the World (42 decks)

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