20 Dec, 24 Dec Flashcards
Premise /n/
Immediate outcome of research
Data, example, evidence, reason, cause, fact
How to treat premise?
1) you can’t doubt or challenge the premise
2) you can’t twist the theme of the premise
3) you must trust it
4) you can indicate that the premise is incomplete
Assumption /n/
Thinking in order to draw a conclusion ( there are good as well as bad assumptions)
Grounds of a good assumption-
1 ) complete premise
2) some other associated factors such as future risk or advantage or present condition
Note: the assumption is always implied
Imply /v/
To express indirectly (it is self understood)
Contention /n/
Strong disagreement
Eg. The contention on the nuclear program of Iran.
Position /n/
Opinion
Argument 2/ n/
1 ) a short passage which includes visible premise, invisible assumption and visible conclusion
2) conclusion or a logically true statement
Intermediate conclusion /n/
Conclusion based on incomplete evidence (the final conclusion yet to come)
Support /n/
Premise or ground
Several
More than 2 but not many
Classify 2 /v/
1) to divide into classes
2) to keep secret
Eg. Classified documents
[ ant ] declassify, reveal, disclose
Reveal /v/
Disclose, divulge
Eg. He denied to divulge his salary
Buoyant 3 / adj /
1) floating
Eg. Buoyant object on water
2) cheerful
Eg. buoyant expression
3) (of economy) able to maintain a high level
Eg. Buoyant economy
Substantial / adj /
Large or significant
Eg. Substantial income/salary
Instigate 2/ v/
1 ) to start something formally or officially
Eg. The police department is going to instigate an investigation
2) to cause or develop something negative
Eg. To instigate an investigation
To instigate violence / riot
Primarily
Majority, not all
Rising / v/
Revolt
Uprising /v/
Revolt
Landmark 3/n/
1) a building or structure of historical or cultural importance
Eg. the clocktower is a landmark
2 ) a famous building or structure which helps you identity the location
3) important activity or achievement
Eg. The invention of a Covid vaccine is a landmark (milestone)
In concert with
Together with
Concerted / adj /
Done together
Eg. concerted project
Concerted effort
Disconcert / v/
To make somebody feel ashamed or embarrass
Eg. The teacher was disconcerted in the classroom
[ syn ] discomfort, abash (a-into) (bash-shy),
Mortify
Bashful / adj /
Coy
Proclamation / n /
Announcement or declaration
Proclaim / v/
To announce on declare
Declamation /n/
Formal or loud speech
Declaim /v/
To speak loudly and informally
Eg. The PM declaimed on current issues.
Acclamation /n/
Enthusiastic praise
Acclaim /v/
To praise enthusiastically
Eg. The movie was acclaimed by viewers.
Subsequent
Following
Eg. In the subsequent classes
Execute 3/v/
1 ) put to death
Eg. The criminal was executed
2 ) to implement or bring into effect
Eg. the new rule was recently executed
3) to perform
Eg. The dance was executed on the stage
Capital punishment
Death penalty
Renewed / adj /
Fresher or more energetic
Eg. I felt renewed when I reached the countryside
Fervor / adj /
Great enthusiasm (+/-)
[ syn ] fervency, Zeal
Lobby /v/
To try to win favor for or against
Effect /v/
To cause or cause to happen
Eg. To effect change in the society
Affected / adj /
Artificial
Eg. Affected manner of walking/ speaking
Affectation /n/
The state of being artificial
Disaffect /v/
To cause dissatisfaction
Eg. Some disaffected members left the political party
Disgruntled / adj /
Dissatisfied
Eg. I am disgruntled by the service of the hospital
Content / adj /
Happily satisfied
Eg. He looks content
Contentment /n/
Satisfaction
Malcontent / adj /
Not satisfied with anything ( of complaining nature)
Eg. a malcontent customer
Contend 2/v/
1) to claim (to state that something is logically true)
Eg. What does the scientist contend?
2) to compete
Eg. They are contending for power
Contentious / adj /
Causing strong disagreement
Eg. The topic of issue writing is highly contentious
A contentious commitee member
Smugness /n/
Complacency (too much satisfaction about what you have done or achieved )
[ ant ] zeal
Eg. The has fallen behind because of complacency
Smug / adj / (-ve)
To much satisfied about what you have done or achieved ( lacking zeal)
[ syn ] complacent
Eg. The scientist was never smug
[ ant ] zealous
Conclusion /n/
Logically true statement
[ syn ] assertion, contention (+1), position (+1)
Sealant /n/
Wood preservative
Prosperity /n/
Growth with wealth
Prosperous / adj /
Growing with wealth
Eg. a prosperous family
Epidemic / adj /
Affecting a large number of people
Ep-upon , dem-people
Pandemic
Pan- broad
Spreading everywhere
Eg. A pandemic disease
Endemic 2/ adj /
1) native (not from outside)
Eg. Endemic diseases/plant, animal, culture, person
2 ) inherent (not acquired)
Eg. Endemic nature of a person
Collegiate
Of the college
