18. Bullying I Flashcards
Define bullying:
S____ a____ behaviour that the perpetrator r____ inflicts on a victim with the intention to cause h____, and occurring within a relationship in which there is an i____ of p____
Strategic aggressive
repeatedly
harm
imbalance
power
What are four types of bullying?
- Physical bullying
- Verbal bullying
- Social/relational/covert bullying
- Cyber bullying
What are five ways to measure bullying behaviour?
1. Different i____
2. S____ i____ questions
3. B____-based scale with multiple items
4. S____ bullying behaviours
5. Different f____
- Different informants
- Single item questions
- Behaviour-based scale with multiple items
- Specific bullying behaviours
- Different frequency
Nansel et al (2004) found the following to do with prevalence of bullying:
1. __% of children were victims of bullying
2. __% of children admitted bullying others in the current school term
3. __% report being both bullies and victims
- 11
- 10
- 6
What are three cognitive origins of why children engage in bullying behaviour?
1. So____ in____ pr____ bi____
2. Th____ of mi____
3. Mo____ en____
- Social information processing biases
- Theory of mind
- Moral engagement
Aggressive children show distinct patterns of biases in their social information processing. What are four of these patterns?
1. A___ to fewer s____ c____
2. More inclined to attribute h____ i__\ to others
3. Goals of s____ d____
4. Choose an a____ s____ to a s____ p____
- Attend to fewer social cues
- More inclined to attribute hostile intentions to others
- Goals of social dominance
- Choose an aggressive solution to a social problem
What is the Theory of mind?
The c____ to attribute m____ s____ to o____ in order to p____ or e____ behaviour
The capacity to attribute mental states to others in order to predict or explain behaviour
Bullying may be best achieved when the perpetrator has a strong grasp of what?
Of the internal mental states of victims
Define moral sensitivity
Bullies show l____ moral sensitivity
Understanding r____ and w____ and the em____ re____ of moral tr____
Understanding right and wrong and the emotional repercussions of moral transgressions
Lowest
Define moral disengagement
What is the association between moral disengagement and bullying?
Tendency to use co____ mechanisms that can di____ se____-sa____ and ju____ the use of vi____ and ag____ behaviours
Bullies engaged in significantly m____ moral disengagement
Tendency to use cognitive mechanisms that can disengage self-sanctions and justify the use of violent and aggressive behaviours
bullies engaged in significantly more moral disengagement compared to non-bullies
What are five e social origins of why children engage in bullying behaviour?
1. Di____ bullying roles
2. Social go____
3. Po____
4. School cl____
5. Social in____
- Diverse bullying roles
- Social goals
- Popularity
- School climate
- Social inequalities
What are three key social goals of bullying as a strategy to meet specific social and dominance goals?
1. Ag____ (striving for d____ and l____)
2. Co____ (striving for p____ r____ with others)
3. Su____ (keeping a l____ s____ p____)
- agentic (i.e., striving for dominance and leadership),
- communal (i.e., striving for positive relationships with others)
- submissive goals (i.e., keeping a low social profile)
In____ goals tend to be associated with bully-related behaviour
Interpersonal (= relating to relationships or communication between people)
Bullies greater identify with a____ goals
Victims greater identify with s____ goals
Defenders greater identify with c____ goals
Agentic
Submissive
Communal
How you behave in a social group appears to be a good reflection of what?
Your s____ g____
Your social goals
