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ATPL - [Mod 1] Human Performance > 09. Personal Health and Hygiene (sec 5 - 9) > Flashcards

09. Personal Health and Hygiene (sec 5 - 9) Flashcards

1
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

What 3 types of organism thrive in warm wet conditions

A
  1. PARASITES
  2. BACTERIA
  3. VIRUSES

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2
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

What is an oversight risk of Europeans when in warm wet conditions

A

SMALL CUTS and ABRASIONS
failing to attend to small cuts and abrasions that develop into septic sores

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3
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

Heatstroke and sunstroke brought on my excessive exposure to heat is also known as

A

HYPERTHERMIA

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4
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

Hyperthermia brought on through excessive exposure to heat can be known by what 2 terms

A
  1. HEATSTROKE
  2. SUNSTROKE

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5
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

In hot, humid conditions, what is prevented from happening that impacts the bodies ability to do what

A
  1. SWEAT EVAPORATION
  2. REGULATE BODY TEMPERATURE

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6
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

What are 4 early onset symptoms of heatstroke;

  1. ____ : feeling hot
  2. ____ : greyscale
  3. ____ : colour
  4. ____ : rapid
A
  1. HIGH TEMPERATURE
  2. DRY SKIN
  3. VERY PINK SKIN
  4. HIGH PULSE RATE

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7
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

What is the best means of treatment for someone suffering heatstroke

A

RAPID COOLING
cool water or air conditioned room

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8
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

Malaria is caused by what

A

PARASITE CARRIED BY MOSQUITOES

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9
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

A disease carried my mosquitoes caused by a parasite

A

MALARIA

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10
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

What are 4 symptoms of malaria

  1. ____ : feeling sick
  2. ____ : shivery, hot flushes, sweating
  3. ____ : unconscious
  4. ____ : 6ft under
A
  1. FLU
  2. HIGH FEVER
  3. COMA
  4. DEATH

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11
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

What are 2 methods of avoiding being bitten by malaria carrying mosquitoes

A
  1. OUTSIDE AT NIGHT : avoid sitting outside at night
  2. LONG CLOTHING : wear long trousers and socks

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12
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

The name of a disease carried by mosquitoes caused by a virus

A

YELLOW FEVER

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13
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

What is a preventative measure to take to avoid contracting yellow fever

A

VACCINATION

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14
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

What are the 3 initial symptoms of yellow fever

A
  1. FEVER
  2. NAUSEA
  3. PAIN

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15
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

Untreated initial symptoms of yellow fever can develop into what 2 more serious conditions.

A
  1. INTERNAL BLEEDING
  2. LIVER FAILURE

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16
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

The name of a bacterial infection caused by coming into contact with the coughs, sneezes or spit of infected individuals

A

TUBERCULOSIS
(TB)

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17
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

Tuberculosis is what type of infection

A

BACTERIAL

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18
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

How is tuberculosis spread

A
  1. COUGH
  2. SNEEZE
  3. SPIT
    coming into contact with infected individuals

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19
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

What size of the world population is thought to be infected with tuberculosis

A

1/3

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20
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

What is the best method of protection from tuberculosis

A

BCG VACCINE

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21
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

In poorer less developed countries, there is an increased risk in what sort of illnesses

A

WATERBORNE ILLNESSES

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22
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

Cholera is what sort of infection

A

BACTERIAL

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23
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

2 types of waterborne infections spread through faecally contaminated water or food

A
  1. CHOLERA
  2. TYPHOID FEVER

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24
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

How is CHOLERA usually transmitted

A

FAECALLY CONTAMINATED WATER

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25
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

What are the 3 key symptoms of cholera

A
  1. WATERY DIARRHOEA
  2. VOMITING
  3. DEHYDRATION

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26
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

What is the best means of treatment for cholera

A

ORAL REHYDRATION
clean fluids and electrolytes

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27
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

The name of an infection that causes inflammation of the liver caused by a viral infection

A

HEPATITIS

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28
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

What are some of the symptoms associated with hepatitis

A
  1. SYMPTOMLESS
    or;
  2. JAUNDINCE
  3. MALAISE
  4. WEAKNESS & FEVER

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29
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

How is hepatitis spread;

  1. Hepatitis A
  2. Hepatitis B & C
A
  1. CONTAMINATED FOOD and WATER
  2. DIRECT CONTACT : blood

REMEMBER B for BLOOD and A for WATER

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30
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

What are the typical treatments for;

  1. Hepatitis A
  2. Hepatitis B & C
A
  1. VACCINE
  2. ANTIVIRAL DRUGS

REMEMBER
Hep A - one letter, vaccine one word. Remember the ‘aaaa’ sound in v’aaa’cine ah = Hep AY

Hep B & C - two letters, Antiviral Drugs two words. Remember A B C D from Drugs

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31
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

What are the 4 key symptoms of Typhoid fever

A
  1. RISING FEVER
  2. SWEATING
  3. GASTRO-ENTERITIS
  4. DIARRHOEA

REMEMBER
Typhoid FEVER
A fever breaks with SWEATS
Remember TyVOID - void in the stomach as you have diarrhoea

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32
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

Besides 4 key symptoms of rising fever, sweating, gastro-enteritis, and diarrhoea, what 2 other symptoms may be present with typhoid fever

A
  1. ABDOMINAL PAIN
  2. RED SPOTS ON CHEST

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33
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

What are the 2 typical treatments for typhoid fever

A
  1. REHYDRATION
  2. ANTIBIOTIC DRUGS

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34
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

What are 4 typical symptoms of intestinal parasites

A
  1. WEIGHT LOSS
  2. ABDOMINAL PAIN
  3. NAUSEA
  4. CHRONIC FATIGUE

To have intestinal parasites is really wank(c)!

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35
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

What is the typical treatment for intestinal parasites

A

ANTI-PARASITIC DRUGS
metronidazole

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36
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

Intestinal worms can be transmitted via contaminated food and water. What other method can parasites invade the body

A

PENETRATE THROUGH SKIN

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37
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

What is the best method of prevention for sexually transmitted diseases

A

CONDOM

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38
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

A viral disease that attacks the brain

A

RABIES

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39
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

What are the 5 worsening symptoms of rabies

A
  1. MALAISE
  2. FEVER
  3. SEVERE HEADACHE
  4. VIOLENT MOOD SWING
  5. PATHOLOGICAL FEAR OF WATER

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40
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

The most common source of contracting rabies

A

BITTEN BY DOG

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41
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

What action must you take and suspect you have been bitten by a rabid animal

A

IMMEDIATELY WASH WOUND FOR 5 MINUTES

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42
Q

Health risks in tropical climates

What are 3 methods of disinfection of aircraft arriving from countries with increased risk of disease carrying insepcts

A
  1. QUICK ACTING INSECTICIDE : before take off, passengers onboard
  2. LONG LASTING INSECTICIDE : before passengers embark
  3. REUGULAR APPLICATION OF INSECTICIDE : all surface apart from food prep areas

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43
Q

Intoxication

In Europe, what are the 2 most common legal intoxicants

A
  1. ALCOHOL
  2. NICOTINE
  3. CAFFEINE

255

44
Q

Intoxication

At LOW doses, nicotine acts as a ____
At HIGH doses, nicotine acts as a ____

A
  1. STIMULANT
  2. RELAXANT

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45
Q

Intoxication

LOW doses of nicotine improve what 4 functions

A
  1. CONCENTRATION
  2. MEMORY
  3. ALERTNESS
  4. AROUSAL

255

46
Q

Intoxication

HIGH doses of nicotine has what sort of effect

A

SEDATIVE EFFECT

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47
Q

Intoxication

5 major risk factors related to smoking

A
  1. HEART ATTACK
  2. STROKE
  3. LUNG DISEASE
  4. EMPHYSEMA
  5. CANCER

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48
Q

Intoxication

The 4 most common forms of cancer associated with smoking

A
  1. LUNG
  2. MOUTH
  3. LARYNX
  4. PANCREASE

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49
Q

Intoxication

What 2 elements does tabacco smoke contain

A
  1. CARBON MONOXIDE
  2. CYANIDE

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50
Q

Intoxication

In relation to the Alveoli, what 2 effects does smoking have

A
  1. REDUCED ELASTICITY
  2. REDUCED ABILITY TO DIFFUSE OXYGEN : smoke clogs the surface

256

51
Q

Intoxication

A pilot who smokes will suffer more from what dangerous condition associated to flying at altitude

A

HYPOXIA

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52
Q

Intoxication

In regards to a smoker vs a non-smoker and the onset of hypoxia, what is one of the first symptoms a smoker will suffer from

A

REDUCTION IN NIGHT VISION CAPABILITY

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53
Q

Intoxication

Tabacco smoke causes a WIDENING or NARROWING of the blood vessels, an INCREASE or DECREASE in blood platelets, which in turn has what effect on the blood

A
  1. NARROWING
  2. INCREASE
  3. INCREASED VISCOSITY

256

54
Q

Intoxication

Smoking increases the strain on the heart, which in turn increases the risk of what

A

STROKE

256

55
Q

Intoxication

Smoking impedes on what body system that leads to higher incidence of illness

A

IMMUNE SYSTEM

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56
Q

Intoxication

Caffeine is a ____ stimulant, which acts on the ____ system

A
  1. PSYCHOACTIVE
  2. CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS)

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57
Q

Intoxication

The stimulant effect of caffine results in what 3 things

A
  1. INCREASED ALERTNESS & WAKEFULNESS
  2. FASTER & CLEARER THOUGHT
  3. IMPROVED MUSCLE COORDINATION

257

58
Q

Intoxication

An overdose of caffeine happens with more than ____mg, which produces over-stimulation of the CNS

A

400 mg

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59
Q

Intoxication

An overdose of caffeine has what 9 possible undersirable effects;
1. ____ : jitters
2. ____ : fidgety
3. ____ : anxious
4. ____ : very happy
5. ____ : very awake
6. ____ : weee
7. ____ : moody
8. ____ : confused
9. ____ : heart beat

A
  1. MUSCLE TREMORS : jitters
  2. RESTLESSNESS : fidgety
  3. NERVOUSNESS : anxious
  4. EUPHORIA : very happy
  5. INSOMNIA : very awake
  6. EXCESSIVE URINATION : weee
  7. IRRITABILITY : moody
  8. UNCOORDINATIED THOUGHT PROCESS : confused
  9. IRREGULAR or RAPID : heart beat

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60
Q

Intoxication

A very large overdose on caffeine causes what 4 symptoms

A
  1. MANIA
  2. DEPRESSION
  3. LAPSE IN JUDGEMENT
  4. DELUSIONS

257

61
Q

Intoxication

Alcohol is considered to be what sort of drug

A

PSYCHOACTIVE

258

62
Q

Intoxication

Signs of intoxication from alcohol and degradation of flying performance can occur in concetrations as low as ____mg per ____ml ( ____% )

A
  1. 40 mg
  2. 100 ml
  3. 0.04%

258

63
Q

Intoxication

Alcohol can be fatal in doses as low as ____mg per ____ml ( ____% )

A
  1. 400 mg
  2. 100 ml
  3. 0.4%

258

64
Q

Intoxication

What is the legal limit of alcohol in the system as stipulated by EASE law

A

0.2 grams of blood alcohol concentration per litre of blood
OR;
national statutory limit

WHICHEVER IS LOWEST

258

65
Q

In moderate consumption, the 3 short term feelings alcohol can induce are what

A
  1. RELAXATION
  2. EUPHORIA
  3. WELLBEING

258

66
Q

Intoxication

In moderate consumption, alcohol can reduce inhibition, resulting in what 3 things

A
  1. OVERCONFIDENCE
  2. IMPAIRED JUDGEMENT & REASONING
  3. INCREASED IMPULSIVENESS

258

67
Q

Intoxication

High doses of alcohol can have what type of effect on the body, leading to what 3 things

A
  1. SEDATIVE EFFECT
  2. DROWSINESS
  3. IMPARIED MEMORY
  4. DELAYED REACTIONS

258

68
Q

Intoxication

Very high doses of alcohol and result in what 4 conditions

A
  1. EMOTIONAL INSTABILITY
  2. CONFUSION
  3. UNCONSCIOUSNESS
  4. DEATH

258

69
Q

Low doses of alcohol before sleep have what effect in regards to falling asleep

A

REDUCE TIME TO GET TO SLEEP

259

70
Q

Intoxication

In regards to sleep, low doses of alcohol can critically affect what

A

SLEEP PATTERN

259

71
Q

Intoxication

The affect of alcohol on sleep pattern produces the same symptoms as what

A

SLEEP DEPRIVATION

259

72
Q

Intoxication

A person suffering from sleep deprivation as a result of alcohol use will have what 4 symptoms

A
  1. CHRONIC FATIGUE
  2. IRRITABILITY
  3. MEMORY LOSS
  4. DESIRE FOR MORE SLEEP

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73
Q

Intoxication

Long term alcohol abuse can result in the following;

  1. ____ : scarring of liver
  2. ____ : made larger
  3. ____ : causes frequent seizures
  4. ____ : numbness, weakness, tingling in limbs
  5. ____ : loss of mind
  6. ____ : inability to absorb nutrients in the stomach and intenstine
  7. ____ : need for viagra
  8. ____ : upset family
  9. ____ : dead
  10. ____ : addicted
A
  1. CIRRHOSIS OF LIVER : scarring of liver
  2. INFLAMMED PANCREAS : made larger
  3. EPILEPSY : causes frequent seizures
  4. PERHIPERAL NERVE DAMAGE : numbness, weakness, tingling in limbs
  5. DEMENTIA : loss of mind
  6. MALNUTRITION : inability to absorb nutrients in the stomach and intenstine
  7. SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION : need for viagra
  8. RELATIONSHIP PROBLEMS : upset family
  9. DEATH : dead
  10. ALCOHOLISM : addicted

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74
Q

Intoxication

External factors in life can lead to alcohol dependency. 6 common factors are;

  1. ____ : inability to cope
  2. ____ : sad
  3. ____ : family
  4. ____ : my boss doesnt like me
  5. ____ : solicitors
  6. ____ : money
A
  1. STRESSFUL SITUATIONS : inability to cope
  2. DEPRESSION : sad
  3. RELATIONSHIPS : family
  4. WORK : my boss doesnt like me
  5. LEGAL ISSUES : solicitors
  6. FINANCIAL DIFFICULTIES : money

261

75
Q

Intoxication

The slow progression from regular intake of alcohol to alcohol dependency is usually accompanied by a number of danger signals;

  1. ____ : very thirsty!
  2. ____ : need a buzz
  3. ____ : everyone stopped
  4. ____ : bad feeling
  5. ____ : a feeling when confronted
A
  1. GUPLING FIRST DRINK : very thirsty!
  2. NEED ALCOHOL TO FEEL GOOD : need a buzz
  3. CONTINUING DRINKING BEYOND EVERYONE ELSE STOPPING : everyone stopped
  4. GUILTY : bad feeling
  5. ANGER or IRRITABILITY : a feeling when confronted

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76
Q

Intoxication

The signs and symptoms that someone has full blown alcohol dependency;

  1. ____ : alone
  2. ____ : about to go out
  3. ____ : dont want people to know
  4. ____ : drinking “session”
  5. ____ : when is my next drink
  6. ____ : need to drink even though its bad
  7. ____ : jittery
  8. ____ : hungover or in need
  9. ____ : just keep drinking
  10. ____ : Im not an alocholic
  11. ____ : not hungry
A
  1. SECRET DRINKING ALONE : alone
  2. DRINKING ALONE BEFORE SOCIALISING : about to go out
  3. DISGUISING VOLUME CONSUMDER : dont want people to know
  4. BINGE DRINKING : drinking “session”
  5. OBSESSION : when is my next drink
  6. COMPULSIVE URGE : need to drink even though its bad
  7. MORNING-AFTER SHAKES : jittery
  8. MORNING DRINKING : offset hangover or in need
  9. INABILITY TO CONTROL INTAKE : just keep drinking
  10. DENIAL : Im not an alocholic
  11. DRINKING INSTEAD OF EATING MEALS : not hungry

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77
Q

Intoxication

An alocoholic may be able to consume large quantities of alcohol without exhibiting signs of intoxication. What is a give-away indication someone may be an alcoholic

A

SMELL OF ALCOHOL ON BREATH
unexpected times of day

262

78
Q

Intoxication

The measure of alcohol consumption is the unit.
One unit is equivilant to what

A

1 UNIT = 10ml PURE ALCOHOL

263

79
Q

Intoxication

The body eliminates alcohole at what rate

A

1 UNIT PER HOUR

15 mg / 100 ml per hour

263

80
Q

Intoxication

How long after the last drink does the body start to eliminate alcohol

A

15 - 45 MIN

263

81
Q

Intoxication

What are the 3 methods the body starts to try and eliminate alcohol

A
  1. METABOLISM
  2. EXCRETION
  3. EVAPORATION

263

82
Q

Intoxication

What 5 factors affect the time required for alcohol elimination from the body;

  1. ____ : more of this results in increased alcohol uptake
  2. ____ : man v woman
  3. ____ : fit as a fiddle
  4. ____ : birthday
  5. ____ : beer vs whisky
A
  1. BODY FAT : more of this results in increased alcohol uptake
  2. GENDER : man v woman
  3. HEALTH : fit as a fiddle
  4. AGE : birthday
  5. ALCOHOL CONCENTRATION : beer vs whisky

263

83
Q

Intoxication

The UK Governments recommended maximum daily intake
Men : ____
Women : ____
Max ____ units per week

A
  1. MEN : 3 - 4 UNITS PER DAY
  2. WOMEN : 2 - 3 UNITS PER DAY
  3. 14 UNITS PER WEEK

263

84
Q

Intoxication

Women eliminate alcohol from their body approximately ____% FASTER or SLOWER than men

A
  1. 10%
  2. FASTER

263

85
Q

Back pain

The vertebrae in the spine are separated by ____ which act like ____

A
  1. DISCS
  2. SHOCK ABSORBERS

264

86
Q

Back pain

Discs of cartilage separate the ____ in the spine

A

VERTEBRAE

264

87
Q

Back pain

The worst case scenario back problem as a result of improper posture or back support is what

A

SLIPPED DISC

264

88
Q

Back pain

How are chronic back problems typically alleviated

A

PHYSIOTHERAPY

264

89
Q

Back pain

Best prevention methods of back pain;

  1. ____ : maintain a good one
  2. ____ : lower back help
  3. ____ : workout
  4. ____ : do these in flight
  5. ____ : professional treatment
A
  1. GOOD SITTING POSTURE : maintain a good one
  2. LUMBAR SUPPORT : lower back help
  3. GOOD PHYSICAL CONDITION : workout
  4. SITTING EXERCISES : do these in flight
  5. PHYSIOTHERAPY : professional treatment

264

ATPL - [Mod 1] Human Performance (21 decks)

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