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ATPL - [Mod 1] Human Performance > 09. Personal Health and Hygiene (sec 1 - 4) > Flashcards

09. Personal Health and Hygiene (sec 1 - 4) Flashcards

1
Q

Basc health precautions

The 4 major avoidable health threats are;

  1. ____ : from disease
  2. ____ : naturally occuring poisons
  3. ____ : lack of exercise
  4. ____ : poor eating habits
A
  1. INFECTION from diseases
  2. INTOXICATION from naturally occurring poisons
  3. PHYSICAL DETERIORATION due to lack of exrcise
  4. PHYSICAL DETERIORATION due to poor eating habbits

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2
Q

Basic health precautions

The 4 major avoidable health threats are;
1. INFECTION : ____
2. INTOXICATION : ____
3. PHYSICAL DETERIORATION : ____
4. PHYSICAL DETERIORATION : ____

A
  1. INFECTION from diseases
  2. INTOXICATION from naturally occurring poisons
  3. PHYSICAL DETERIORATION due to lack of exrcise
  4. PHYSICAL DETERIORATION due to poor eating habbits

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3
Q

Basc health precautions

The rules regarding informing your Aero-medical Establishment (AME) are dictated by what

A

THE LAW

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4
Q

Basc health precautions

Licence holders SHOULD or MUST seek advice from the AME if they are aware of a decrease in their medical fitness

A

MUST

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5
Q

Basc health precautions

A licence holder MUST seek without delay advice from the AME if any of the 3 circumstances exist

A
  1. ADMITTED TO HOSPITAL or CLINIC
  2. UNDERGO SURGERY or INVASIVE PROCEDURE
  3. REGULARLY USE MEDICATION

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6
Q

Basc health precautions

You MUST NOT take any prescription or non-prescription medication or drug, or undergo any other treatment, unless what

A

COMPLETELEY SURE NO ADVERSE EFFECTS
Unless you are completely sure that there will be no adverse effects on your ability to perform your duties

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7
Q

Basc health precautions

You MUST NOT fly for 48 hours after undergoing what 2 types of anaesthetic

A
  1. GENERAL
  2. SPINAL

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8
Q

Basc health precautions

After undergoing general or spinal aneasthetic, you must not fly for how long

A

48 HOURS

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9
Q

Basc health precautions

You MUST NOT fly for 12 hours after undergoing what 2 types of anaesthetic

A
  1. LOCAL
  2. REGIONAL

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10
Q

Basc health precautions

After undergoing local or regional anaesthetic, you must not fly for how long

A

12 HOURS

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11
Q

Basic health precautions

Why can you not take into account the guidance given with prescription and non-prescription drugs

A

Does not take into account particular conditions associated with flight

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12
Q

Fatigue

In the context of aviation, the word fatigue describes what sort of tiredness

A

MENTAL TIREDNESS

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13
Q

Fatigue

What sort of fatigue can be remedied by taking adequate rest

A

SHORT TERM FATIGUE

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14
Q

Fatigue

Short term fatigue can be remedied how

A

ADEQUATE REST

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15
Q

Fatigue

What are the 2 types of fatigue

A
  1. SHORT TERM
  2. CHRONIC

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16
Q

Fatigue

Chronic fatigue is considered as what to pilots, in particular those who fly what sort of journies

A
  1. OCCUPATIONAL HAZARD
  2. LONG-HAUL

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17
Q

Fatigue

How does chronic fatigue differ to short term fatigue

A

DEEP SEATED
Not remedied by an adequate rest bite

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18
Q

Fatigue

What is one of the most common influencers for chronic fatigue with pilots

A

JET LAG

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19
Q

Fatigue

Chronic fatigue can be made worse by what 2 factors

A
  1. HIGH WORKLOAD
  2. DOMESTIC WORRIES

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20
Q

Fatigue

The more common symptoms of chronic fatigue include;

  1. ____ : deep sense of tiredness
  2. ____ : increased reaction times
  3. ____ : reduction in short term
  4. ____ : difficult
  5. ____ : increased when flying or calculating
  6. ____ : depression
  7. ____ : social interaction
A
  1. LACK OF ENERGY : deep sense of tiredness
  2. POOR MOTOR SKILLS : increased reaction times
  3. MEMORY : reduction in short term
  4. CONCENTRATION : difficult
  5. MISTAKES : increased when flying or calculating
  6. MOOD SWINGS : depression
  7. WITHDRAWL : social interaction

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21
Q

Fatigue

The more common symptoms of chronic fatigue include;

  1. LACK OF ENERGY : ____
  2. POOR MOTOR SKILLS : ____
  3. MEMORY : ____
  4. CONCENTRATION : ____
  5. MISTAKES : ____
  6. MOOD SWINGS : ____
  7. WITHDRAWL : ____

3 M’s, PWC L

A
  1. LACK OF ENERGY : deep sense of tiredness
  2. POOR MOTOR SKILLS : increased reaction times
  3. MEMORY : reduction in short term
  4. CONCENTRATION : difficult
  5. MISTAKES : increased when flying or calculating
  6. MOOD SWINGS : depression
  7. WITHDRAWL : social interaction

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22
Q

Fatigue

What is the only solution for chronic fatigue for a pilot

A

PROLONGED REST WITHOUT FLYING

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23
Q

Fatigue

What does FRMS stand for

A

FATIGUE RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

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24
Q

Fatigue

What is the following a definition of;

“A data-driven means of continuously monitoring and maintaining fatigue related safety risks, based upton scientific principlesand knowledge as well as operational experience that aims to ensure relevant personnel are preforming at adequate levels of alertness”

A

FATIGUE RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
(FRMS)

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25
Q

Fatigue

How does a FRMS work

A

COMPUTER MODELING PREDICTS PERFORMANCE

Computer modeling predicts performance capability, taking into account actual sleep/wake periods compared with the expected normal circadian rhythm

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26
Q

Fatigue

What does a good FRMS allow an operator to do in terms of risk

A

CONTROL RISK ASSOCIATED WITH FATIGUE

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27
Q

Common minor ailments

Why must a pilot avoid the temptation to take cold or flu remedy treatment when feeling under the weather

A

MAKE YOU FEEL DROWSY

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28
Q

Common minor ailments

What are the 2 types of stomach upsets (gastro intestinal upsets)

A
  1. TRAVELLERS DIARRHOEA (TD)
  2. GASTRO ENTERITIS

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29
Q

Common minor ailments

What is the typical cause of travellers diarrhoea (TD)

A

FAECALLY CONTAMINATED FOOD or WATER

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30
Q

Common minor ailments

What is the typical cause of gastro-enteritis

A

VIRUSES or BACTERIAL INFECTIONS

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31
Q

Common minor ailments

Exposure to faecally contaminated food or water is likely to cause what sort of stomach upset

A

TRAVELLERS DIARRHOEA
(TD)

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32
Q

Common minor ailments

Viruses or bacterial infections are likely to cause what sort of stomach update

A

GASTRO-ENTERITIS

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33
Q

Common minor ailments

What are the best 2 methods of avoiding viral or bacterial gastro-enteritis

A
  1. WASH HANDS BEFORE MEAL
  2. FOOD PREPARED HYGENICALLY (uncontaminated water)

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34
Q

Common minor ailments

Most remedies for stomach upsets contain what, which can result in drowsiness and inhibit respiration

A

OPIATES

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35
Q

Common minor ailments

Most remedies for stomach upsets contain opiates, which can result in what 2 things

A
  1. DROWSINESS
  2. INHIBITED RESPIRATION

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36
Q

Food hygiene

What is the primary cause of a bacterial stomach upset in the developing world

A

CONTAMINATED WATER

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37
Q

Food hygiene

What are 9 precautions you can take to reduce the risk of stomach upsets;

  1. ____ : sealed bottles
  2. ____ : using bottled water only
  3. ____ : frequently do this
  4. ____ : avoid (frozen)
  5. ____ : avoid (greens)
  6. ____ : using bottled water before eating
  7. ____ : avoid if re-heated or left standing
  8. ____ : if unable to secure bottled water supply
  9. ____ : avoid (fish)
A
  1. DRINK BOTTLED WATER : sealed bottles
  2. CLEAN TEETH : using bottled water only
  3. WASH HANDS : frequently do this
  4. ICE CREAM and ICED DRINKS : avoid (frozen)
  5. SALADS and BUFFETS : avoid (greens)
  6. WASH FRUIT : using bottled water before eating
  7. EAT FRESH, HOT FOOD : avoid if re-heated or left standing
  8. BOIL WATER : if unable to secure bottled water supply
  9. SHELLFISH : avoid (fish)

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38
Q

Food hygiene

As a member of a flight crew, what 2 additional things should be done as precaution to try and reduce risk impacts of stomach upsets

A
  1. DIFFERENT MEALS : both pilots choose different meals
  2. 90 MIN : allow 90 min between eating and flying

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39
Q

Food hygiene

What is the first and primary requirement of a health diet

40
Q

Food hygiene

A LONG or SHORT term deprivation of essential nutrients can lead to disease

A

LONG TERM

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41
Q

Food hygiene

What can a long term deprivation of essential nutrients lead to

A

DISEASE

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42
Q

Food hygiene

A LONG or SHORT term deprivation of essential nutrients can lead to insufficient sugar being created for energy

A

SHORT TERM

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43
Q

Food hygiene

What can a short term deprivation of essential nutrients lead to

A

INSUFFICIENT SUGAR for ENERGY

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44
Q

Food hygiene

What is the name given for when blood sugar is too low

A

HYPOGLYCAEMIA

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45
Q

Food hygiene

What is hypoglycaemia

A

LOW BLOOD SUGAR

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46
Q

What are 4 effects of hypoglycaemia

A
  1. GIDDINESS
  2. FAINTNESS
  3. TREMBLING
  4. WEAKNESS

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47
Q

Food hygiene

How does the body naturally protect itself from hypoglycaemia

A

APPETITE
detects falling blood sugar and creates a strong desire to eat

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48
Q

Food hygiene

Not including water specifically, what are the 5 core components of a healthy diet

A
  1. CARBOHYDRATES
  2. PROTEIN
  3. FATS
  4. MINERALS
  5. VITAMINS

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49
Q

Food hygiene

What are the 2 types of fats that make up a healthy diet

A
  1. SATURATED : meat, oily fish, milk, eggs
  2. UNSATURATED : vegetable oils
50
Q

Food hygiene

Where can SATURATED FATS be found

A
  1. MEAT
  2. OILY FISH
  3. MILK
  4. EGGS

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51
Q

Food hygiene

Where can UNSATURATED FATS be found

A

VEGETABLE OILS

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52
Q

Food hygiene

What is the purpose of CARBOHYDRATES
What are the 4 principle sources

A
  1. ESSENTIAL FOR ENERGY
  2. CERALS
  3. PASTA
  4. FRUITS
  5. VEGETABLES

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53
Q

Food hygiene

What is the purpose of PROTEIN
What are the 5 principle sources

A
  1. BUILD or REPAIR TISSUE
  2. MEAT
  3. FISH
  4. SOY BEANS
  5. MILK
  6. EGGS

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54
Q

Food hygiene

What is the purpose of MINERALS

A

ESSENTIAL FOR GOOD HEALTH

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55
Q

Food hygiene

What is the purpose and significance of VITAMINS

A

ESSENTIAL CHEMICALS
Cannot be manufactored by the body

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56
Q

Food hygiene

Obese people are at increased risk of what 4 ailments

A
  1. CORONARY HEART DISEASE
  2. DIABETES
  3. ARTHRITIS
  4. HEART DISEASE

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57
Q

Food hygiene

Obesity results in general circulatory problems, which means the person has less ability to cope with what 3 dangers associated with flying

A
  1. HYPOXIA
  2. DECOMPRESSION SICKNESS
  3. G-FORCES

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58
Q

Food hygiene

What condition common in obese people interfers with sleep

A

SLEEP APNOEA

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59
Q

Food hygiene

What are the symptoms of sleep apnoea

A

SUFFERER STOPS BREATHING IN SLEEP
breathing begins again with a gasp for air

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60
Q

Food hygiene

The condition diabetes is where what one or both things happen in the body

A
  1. PANCREAS : fails to secrete enough insulin
  2. INTOLERANT : body becomes intolerant to insulin

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61
Q

Food hygiene

What is the purpose of insulin

A

GLUCOSE from BLOOD
controls the update of glucose from the blood

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62
Q

Food hygiene

What is the risk associated to insufficient quantities of insulin being secreted

A

HIGH BLOOD SUGAR

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63
Q

Food hygiene

What is the condition known as when there is insufficient quantities of insulin leading to excessively high blood sugar

A

HYPERGLYCAEMIA

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64
Q

Food hygiene

What is HYPERGLYCAEMIA

A

HIGH BLOOD SUGAR
as a result of insufficient quantities of insulin

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65
Q

Food hygiene

What can diabetes potentially mean for a pilot

A

DISQUALIFIED COMMERCIAL LICENCE

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66
Q

Food hygiene

What factors increasae the probability of developing diabetes

  1. ____ : white over 40, riskier. Black or Asian over 25, riskier
  2. ____ : family history
  3. ____ : high
  4. ____ : specifically around the middle
  5. ____ : excessive consumption of carbs and sugars
A
  1. AGE and SKIN COLOUR
  2. HEREDITARY
  3. HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE
  4. WEIGHT
  5. DIET

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ATPL - [Mod 1] Human Performance (21 decks)

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