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Nursing, LPN, Year 1 > X Foundations - Chp 12, Asepsis > Flashcards

X Foundations - Chp 12, Asepsis Flashcards

0
Q

Fomite

A

Inatimate object

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1
Q

EBP

A

Evidence Based Practice

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3
Q

The Body’s Natural Defenses

A 
Tears (eye, lysozymes)
Coughing
Sneezing
Urinating
Intact Skin
Cilia (respiratory system)
Vomiting
Diarhhea
Gastric pH
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4
Q

Virus

A

enters cell and changes DNA to create more virus cells.

Can only live in cells

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5
Q

Bacteria

A

kills nearby cells

3 shapes
Cocci, Round
Bacillus, Oblong
Spirilla, Spiral

flagellum

Can live

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6
Q

Local

A

abcess
wound

Swelling (TUMOR)
Redness (RUBOR)
Heat (CALOR)

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6
Q

Systemic

A

whole immune system is responding

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7
Q

Strep

A

Causes the most disease of any bacteria

Throat, vaginal

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8
Q

Staffolocci (staff)

Grapes , cluster cells

OO
OOOO
OOO
O

A

Skin

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9
Q

Diploccoci

A

Double

OO

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10
Q

Neg Pressure Room

A

Used for airborne illness i.e. TB cause by mycobacterium.

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11
Q

TB

A

Most common airborne bacteria

Mycobacterium

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11
Q

Bacteriostatic

A

Hold bacteria count still

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12
Q

Types of Sterilization

A

R, irradiated
EO, ethylene oxide gas
Autoclave, everything except things that can’t get wet or will melt

P, plasma (very expensive)

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13
Q

How does a virus infect

A

It enters the cell and changes the DNA making cells create more viruses.

Can only live in other cells

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13
Q

Cultures

A

Test for bacteria in the body.

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13
Q

Bacteriocidal

A

Kills bacteria

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13
Q

Disinfection

A

Destroy microorganisms

Alchohol
Iodine
Chlorine bleach

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13
Q

Cleaning

A

Remove visible foreign materials organic in natur

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14
Q

Protozoan

Rickettsial

A

between Virus and Bacteria
have wings and flagellum

Malaria
Amoebic dysentery
Tricomonus
lyme disease
Meningitis
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15
Q

C&S

A

Culture and Sensitivity

Senstivity: test for which substance kill bacteria most effectively. Largest surrounding circle indicates best response.

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15
Q

Sterilization

A

Kills microorganisms and spores

Irradiation
EOG ethylene oxide gas
Autoclave

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16
Q

O&P

A

Ova and Parasite test

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16
Q

Iodine swabs

A

Bacteriostatic . Doesn’t clean everything

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17
Afebrile
fever free (24 hr fever free)
18
Antigen
any foreign protein that triggers immune system response. i.e. pollen, virus BAD
21
Mortality
Death
21
Morbidity
Sickness
22
MMW
Mortality & Morbidity Weekly
22
Exogenous
microorganizm came from outside of you
23
Blood borne Pathogens
HepB HepC HIV
24
Standard Precautions
Wash Hands Gloves Mask/eye/face shield
25
Stages of Infection
INCUBATION: time of infection to first sign of symptoms PRODROMAL: onset of vague symptoms ILLNESS: Overt signs and symptoms CONVALESCENCE: recovering
26
Cohorting
Deciding who gets into the room. i.e. matching pneumonia patient with chemo patient. not a good idea.
27
Antibody
body makes in response to exposure GOOD | it indicates level of exposure of infections
28
AFB
Acid Fast Bacteria | If bacteria is stained, acid wont wash off color
29
Virulent
An organisms strength in it's ability to cause disease. | degree of pathogenity
30
Supra Infection
An infection on top of another infection
33
Endogenous
microorganizm came from inside of you i.e. wiping incorrectly and give yourself ecoli uti. Shingles
33
The Chain of Infection
INFECTIOUS AGENT: pathogen RESERVOIR: fomite, vector, where pathogen can grow EXIT ROUTE: secretions, feces, blood, urine METHOD OF TRANS: hands, air, needle, food ENTRANCE: Mouth, break in skin, mucous membrane HOST: another person
34
gram -
If purple dye does not stain
34
gram +
If purple dye stains bacteria
35
Malaria
.
38
Medical Asepsis
techniques that inhibit growth and spread of pathogenic microorganisms. aka CLEAN Technique
41
nosocomial
hospital acquired infection
42
Cortisone
steroid dampens immune system
45
Malaria
caused by Protozoan | Plasmodium falciparum
46
Tetanus
Clostridium Tetani Rods and spores Lives for years in soil. Contaminates wounds
47
? Risk factors to diff injections
.chart
48
? Reverse Isolation
.
50
Aerobic
Grow in presence of oxygen
51
Anaerobic
Grows without oxygen
52
S with _ over it
Without (sans)
53
Enteric bacteria
Aerobic and anaerobic. Grow in gut. Show characteristics of both
54
Cx
Culture
55
Abx
Antibiotics
56
Pan Culture
Culture across board Throat, nasal, blood, U&A, C&S, stool
57
Clostridium Dificile
Stool bacteria. Painful
59
Clostridium botulisum
Anaerobic - bulging cans Botulism
60
B hemolytic strep. 0000000000000 O O O
Worse than regular strep
60
How does a bacteria infect
W grow inside , infect tissue, but keeps replicating. WBC come to fight and bacteria gains access to organs and blood
61
Chronic illness Viruses that live in body
``` HIV, attack T cells Hep B & C , attack liver Varicella zoster Herpes Simplex HPV ```
63
Fungi
Most common life form on planet. Moisture pH Temp
64
Helminths
WORMS pinworms tape worms round worms
65
a good Vermifuge is
Pumpkin seeds. Powerful anti helminths. Anti Worm.
66
Factors Affecting Immunologic Defense Mechanisms Box 12-2
* Increasing age and extreme youth * Stress * Nutritional status * Hereditary factors * Disease processes * Environmental factors * Medical therapy * Chemotherapy * Radiation * Lifestyle * Occupation * Diagnostic procedures * Travel history * Trauma
67
Inflammatory Response
vascular reaction that delivers fluid, blood proudcts, and nutrients to interstitial tissue in area of the injury. Neutralizes and eliminates pathogens to establish a means of repairing body cells and tissue
68
Necrotic Tissue
Dead tissue
69
Hand Hygiene Is Essential | Box 12-6
• When hands are visibly soiled • Before and after caring for a patient • After contact with organic material, such as feces, wound drainage, and mucus • In preparation for an invasive procedure, such as suctioning, catheterization, or injections • Before changing a dressing or having contact with open wounds • Before preparing and administering medications • After removing disposable gloves or handling contaminated equipment • Before and after using the toilet • Before and after eating • At the beginning and end of the shift
70
Isolation Technique
The second tier | categories: airborne, droplet, and contact precautions.

Nursing, LPN, Year 1 (44 decks)

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