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Nursing, LPN, Year 1 > X A&P - Chp 10 - Nervous system, brain and cranial nerves > Flashcards

X A&P - Chp 10 - Nervous system, brain and cranial nerves Flashcards

1
Q

Lymbic System

A

emotions

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2
Q

Cerebrum

A
  • largest, most superior portion of brain
  • Cortex (outer layer),conscious thoughts, memory, reasoning, abstract mental functions
  • thinking part of brain
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3
Q

Diencephalon

A
  • between cerebrum and brainstem

- contains thalmus and hypothalmus

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4
Q

Thalmus

A

-sorts and redirects sensory input (busy secretary)
aka
-relays to the cerebral cortex information received from diverse brain regions
-receives auditory, seomatosenroy, and visual sensory signals

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5
Q

Hypothalmus

A
  • emotion & aggression
  • maintains homeostasis
  • controls autonomic nervous system
  • controls pituitary gland
  • autonomic
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6
Q

Cerebellum

A
  • balance and muscle tone

- voluntary muscle

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7
Q

Meninges

A
  • Pia Mater (closest to brain)
  • Arachnoid (capillaries, netting, CSF
  • Dura Mater (cerebral fluid re-absorbed into blood stream, keeps it in brain)
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8
Q

Brainstem

A

connects cerebrum and dienceiphalon w spinal cord

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9
Q

Midbrain

A

(below center of cerebrum)

vision (moving eye) /hearing

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10
Q

Pons

A

(connects cerbellus w other parts of brain)

-regulates RESPIRATION

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11
Q

Medulla Oblongata

A
  • vital functions, respiration and heartbeat

- deep in brain and really protected

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12
Q

CSF

A

support nervous tissue, cushion shock, carry nutrients, transports waste products from cells

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13
Q

Ventricles

A

CSF forms in spaces, ventricles

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14
Q

Choroid Plexus

A

vascular network in each ventricle. forms CSF by filtration of blood and cellular secretion

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15
Q

Gyri (gyrus)

A

elevated portions of folds in brain

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16
Q

Sulci (sulcus)

A

shallow grooves in folds of brain

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17
Q

Basal nuclei

basal ganglia

A

masses of gray matter deep in brain, work with cerebral cortex to regulate body movement and muscles of facial expression

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18
Q

what does Basal ganglia secrete ????

A

Dopamine

  • a neurotransmitter that helps control brain’s reward & pleasure centers.
  • helps regulate movement & emotional responses, and enables us not only to see rewards, but to take action to move toward them.
  • people with low dopamine activity may be more prone to addiction.
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19
Q

Cerebral Cortex parts

A
  • Frontal Lobe - primary motor area, control of skeletal muscles
  • Parietal Lobe - primary sensory area
  • Temporal Lobe - auditory/olfactory
  • Occipital Lobe - interpreting impulses arising from retina of eye.
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20
Q

Wernicke area

A

-Speech comprehension

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21
Q

Broca area

A

-motor speech area

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22
Q

Limbic System

A

emotional state and behavior, formation of short term memories

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23
Q

Vasometer Center

A
  • regulates contraction of smooth muscle in blood vessel walls
  • controls blood flow and BP
24
Q

Hydrocephalus

A

accumulation of CSF in brain

25
Q

Aphasia

A

loss or defect in language

26
Q

Gliomas

A

brain tumors originating in neuroglia

27
Q

Types of hematomas (bleeding on brain)

A
  • Epidural (over dura mater)
  • Subdural (under dura mater)
  • Intercereral (within brain)
28
Q

Cranial Nerve II

A

Optic nerve

29
Q

Cranial Nerve VIII

A

vestibulocochlear (acoustic)

30
Q

Cranial Nerve X

A

Vagus nerve (organs in thoracic and abdominal cavities, larynx, pharynx

31
Q

Cranial Nerve I

A

Olfactory (smell)

32
Q

Cranial Nerve IV

A

Trochlear (supplies one eyeball muscle)

33
Q

Cranial Nerve V

A

Trigeminal (sesory from eye, upper jaw, lower jaw)

34
Q

Cranial Nerve VII

A

Facial (facial expression, taste, salivary glands)

35
Q

Cranial Nerve XII

A

Hypoglossal (muscles of tongue)

36
Q

Cranial Nerve III

A

Oculomotor

37
Q

Vegas Nerve

A
  • Cranial Nerve X
  • ## Vagrant nerve from face suppling thoracic and abdominal cavities, motor impulse to larynx and pharynx.
38
Q

Stroke

A

Interrupted blood flow

39
Q

Clot

A

blockage, Infarct

40
Q

Anneurism

A

blow up, bleed in brain

41
Q

Infarct

Ma

42
Q

Clot Buster, before administering, check what?

A

check Cat Scan to see if there is any bleeding already in brain. If so, clot buster will make things worse

43
Q

Cranial Nerve IX

A
  • Glossopharyngial nerve,
  • Sensory and Motor
  • impulses from tongue and pharynx, controls swallowing muscles and stimulates salivary gland
44
Q

Cranial Nerve XII

A

Hypoglossal nerve, controls muscles of tongue

45
Q

Corpus Callosum

A
  • thick band of nerve fibers that divides the cerebrum into left and right hemispheres.
  • transfers motor, sensory, and cognitive information between the brain hemispheres.
45
Q

CSF fluid gets absorbed back into blood stream from here

A

Dura Mater

46
Q

Which lobes separated by Central Sulcus

A

frontal and parietal

46
Q

Choroid Plexus

A

CSF forms here.

47
Q

Brain Imaging Techniques

A
  • CT Scan - Computed tomography (lots of radiation)
  • MRI - Magnetic resonance imaging (no radiation, ions vibrate to show image)
  • PET - Positron emission tomogoraphy (cross btwn CT and MRI)
47
Q

Cortex

A

Outer layer of nervous tissue

48
Q

Electroencephalography

A

records electric currents given off by brain nerve cells

48
Q

Longitudinal Fissure

A

Main folks down the middle of the brain.

49
Q

Cerebrum internally we composed of mostly

A

White matter

50
Q

Cerebral Cortex- frontal

A

Motor and speech

51
Q

Cerebral Cortex- Parietal

52
Q

Cerebral Cortex- temporal

A

Auditory, speech comprehension, olfactory

53
Q

Cerebral Cortex- Occipital

Nursing, LPN, Year 1 (44 decks)

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