X A&P - Chp 10 - Nervous system, brain and cranial nerves

Question 1

Lymbic System

Answer 1

emotions

Question 2

Cerebrum

Answer 2

• largest, most superior portion of brain
• Cortex (outer layer),conscious thoughts, memory, reasoning, abstract mental functions
• thinking part of brain

Question 3

Diencephalon

Answer 3

• between cerebrum and brainstem

- contains thalmus and hypothalmus

Question 4

Thalmus

Answer 4

-sorts and redirects sensory input (busy secretary)
aka
-relays to the cerebral cortex information received from diverse brain regions
-receives auditory, seomatosenroy, and visual sensory signals

Question 5

Hypothalmus

Answer 5

• emotion & aggression
• maintains homeostasis
• controls autonomic nervous system
• controls pituitary gland
• autonomic

Question 6

Cerebellum

Answer 6

• balance and muscle tone

- voluntary muscle

Question 7

Meninges

Answer 7

• Pia Mater (closest to brain)
• Arachnoid (capillaries, netting, CSF
• Dura Mater (cerebral fluid re-absorbed into blood stream, keeps it in brain)

Question 8

Brainstem

Answer 8

connects cerebrum and dienceiphalon w spinal cord

Question 9

Midbrain

Answer 9

(below center of cerebrum)

vision (moving eye) /hearing

Question 10

Pons

Answer 10

(connects cerbellus w other parts of brain)

-regulates RESPIRATION

Question 11

Medulla Oblongata

Answer 11

• vital functions, respiration and heartbeat

- deep in brain and really protected

Question 12

CSF

Answer 12

support nervous tissue, cushion shock, carry nutrients, transports waste products from cells

Question 13

Ventricles

Answer 13

CSF forms in spaces, ventricles

Question 14

Choroid Plexus

Answer 14

vascular network in each ventricle. forms CSF by filtration of blood and cellular secretion

Question 15

Gyri (gyrus)

Answer 15

elevated portions of folds in brain

Question 16

Sulci (sulcus)

Answer 16

shallow grooves in folds of brain

Question 17

Basal nuclei

basal ganglia

Answer 17

masses of gray matter deep in brain, work with cerebral cortex to regulate body movement and muscles of facial expression

Question 18

what does Basal ganglia secrete ????

Answer 18

Dopamine

• a neurotransmitter that helps control brain’s reward & pleasure centers.
• helps regulate movement & emotional responses, and enables us not only to see rewards, but to take action to move toward them.
• people with low dopamine activity may be more prone to addiction.

Question 19

Cerebral Cortex parts

Answer 19

• Frontal Lobe - primary motor area, control of skeletal muscles
• Parietal Lobe - primary sensory area
• Temporal Lobe - auditory/olfactory
• Occipital Lobe - interpreting impulses arising from retina of eye.

Question 20

Wernicke area

Answer 20

-Speech comprehension

Question 21

Broca area

Answer 21

-motor speech area

Question 22

Limbic System

Answer 22

emotional state and behavior, formation of short term memories

Question 23

Vasometer Center

Answer 23

• regulates contraction of smooth muscle in blood vessel walls
• controls blood flow and BP

Question 24

Hydrocephalus

Answer 24

accumulation of CSF in brain

Question 25

Aphasia

Answer 25

loss or defect in language

Question 26

Gliomas

Answer 26

brain tumors originating in neuroglia

Question 27

Types of hematomas (bleeding on brain)

Answer 27

- Epidural (over dura mater) - Subdural (under dura mater) - Intercereral (within brain)

Question 28

Cranial Nerve II

Answer 28

Optic nerve

Question 29

Cranial Nerve VIII

Answer 29

vestibulocochlear (acoustic)

Question 30

Cranial Nerve X

Answer 30

Vagus nerve (organs in thoracic and abdominal cavities, larynx, pharynx

Question 31

Cranial Nerve I

Answer 31

Olfactory (smell)

Question 32

Cranial Nerve IV

Answer 32

Trochlear (supplies one eyeball muscle)

Question 33

Cranial Nerve V

Answer 33

Trigeminal (sesory from eye, upper jaw, lower jaw)

Question 34

Cranial Nerve VII

Answer 34

Facial (facial expression, taste, salivary glands)

Question 35

Cranial Nerve XII

Answer 35

Hypoglossal (muscles of tongue)

Question 36

Cranial Nerve III

Answer 36

Oculomotor

Question 37

Vegas Nerve

Answer 37

- Cranial Nerve X - Vagrant nerve from face suppling thoracic and abdominal cavities, motor impulse to larynx and pharynx. -

Question 38

Stroke

Answer 38

Interrupted blood flow

Question 39

Clot

Answer 39

blockage, Infarct

Question 40

Anneurism

Answer 40

blow up, bleed in brain

Question 41

Infarct | Ma

Answer 41

Blockage

Question 42

Clot Buster, before administering, check what?

Answer 42

check Cat Scan to see if there is any bleeding already in brain. If so, clot buster will make things worse

Question 43

Cranial Nerve IX

Answer 43

- Glossopharyngial nerve, - Sensory and Motor - impulses from tongue and pharynx, controls swallowing muscles and stimulates salivary gland

Question 44

Cranial Nerve XII

Answer 44

Hypoglossal nerve, controls muscles of tongue

Question 45

Corpus Callosum

Answer 45

- thick band of nerve fibers that divides the cerebrum into left and right hemispheres. - transfers motor, sensory, and cognitive information between the brain hemispheres.

Question 45

CSF fluid gets absorbed back into blood stream from here

Answer 45

Dura Mater

Question 46

Which lobes separated by Central Sulcus

Answer 46

frontal and parietal

Question 46

Choroid Plexus

Answer 46

CSF forms here.

Question 47

Brain Imaging Techniques

Answer 47

- CT Scan - Computed tomography (lots of radiation) - MRI - Magnetic resonance imaging (no radiation, ions vibrate to show image) - PET - Positron emission tomogoraphy (cross btwn CT and MRI)

Question 47

Cortex

Answer 47

Outer layer of nervous tissue

Question 48

Electroencephalography

Answer 48

records electric currents given off by brain nerve cells

Question 48

Longitudinal Fissure

Answer 48

Main folks down the middle of the brain.

Question 49

Cerebrum internally we composed of mostly

Answer 49

White matter

Question 50

Cerebral Cortex- frontal

Answer 50

Motor and speech

Question 51

Cerebral Cortex- Parietal

Answer 51

Sensory

Question 52

Cerebral Cortex- temporal

Answer 52

Auditory, speech comprehension, olfactory

Question 53

Cerebral Cortex- Occipital

Answer 53

Visual