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Nursing, LPN, Year 1 > X A&P - Chp 7 - Bones > Flashcards

X A&P - Chp 7 - Bones Flashcards

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0
Q

Foramen Magnum

A

Where spinal cord exits skull

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1
Q

Sutures in skull

A

Harden in adults

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2
Q

Parts of Skull

A

Frontal
Occipital
Parietal
Temporal

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4
Q

Fontanelle

A

Soft part of cartilage that hasn’t hardened yet

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5
Q

Trabeculae

A

Inner structural tissue inside bone. lightweight, strong

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6
Q

Axial Skeleton

A

TRUNK

Head, Spine, Thorax

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7
Q

Appendicular Skeleton

A

Appendeges, legs, arms

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8
Q

Vertebraes

A

Cervical - 7
Thoracic - 12
Lumbar - 5
Sacrem

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9
Q

Arm bones

A

Radius (thumb side)
Ulna (pinky side)
Humerous (funny bone, upper arm bone)

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10
Q

Heel Bone

A

Calcaneus

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11
Q

Leg bone (upper)

A

Femur

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12
Q

Leg bone (lower 2)

A

Tibia (main)

Fibula

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13
Q

Arm (upper)

A

Humerous

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14
Q

Arm (lower 2)

A

Radius (main)

Ulna

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15
Q

Costal Cartilage

A

Soft cartilage of the ribs

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16
Q

Acromium Process

A

Landmark Bone, front side of bone above scalpula. 2 finger breadths below for deltoid muscle injection location

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17
Q

Calcaneous

A

Heel bone

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18
Q

Illiac Crest

A

Crest of Illim bone where bone marrow is taken from

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19
Q

Sinus Cavity

A

in bone, lined with mucous membrane

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20
Q

Kyphosis

A

hump back

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21
Q

Lordosis

A

curve in lower back. ie. pregnant women

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22
Q

Scoliosis

A

curved spine

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23
Q

End of bone

A

Epiphysis

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24
Q

shaft of bone

A

diaphysis

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25
Q

Spongy Bone

A

Cancellous

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26
Q

Compact Bone

A

Cortical

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27
Q

Antlers made of

A

hair

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28
Q

Tusks made of

A

teeth

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29
Q

Periosteum

A

connective tissue membrane covering a bone

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30
Q

Function of Bone

A
  • Protecting underlying structures
  • movement and locomotion
  • storage of minerals (calcium, phosphate)
  • Hematopoesis (formation of blood cells in Red bone marrow)
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31
Q

Parathyroid Homone PTH

A

Bad, stimulates Osteoclasts, breaks down bone

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32
Q

Osteosarcoma

A

bone cancer

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33
Q

Bone marrow creates new blood ?

A

daily

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34
Q

RBC live for ? days

A

120

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35
Q

Aplastic Anemia

A

bone marrow dies

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36
Q

Patella

A

knee cap

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37
Q

Greater Trochanter

A

opposite femoral head. smaller of two bulges. hip bond that we can palpate

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38
Q

Osteons

A

cylinders that veins travel through within bone

structural unit of compact (cortical) bone

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39
Q

Epiphyseal Plate

A

plate for growth in bones. becomes ephyseal line in adults

40
Q

Long bones filled with what marrow?

A

Yellow (mostly adipose)

41
Q

Meniscus

A

rubbery c shaped disc cushioning knee

42
Q

Fontanelle

A

soft cartilage in baby’s skull before it hardens

43
Q

Foramen Magnum

A

Where spinal cord exits skull

44
Q

Atlas

A

topmost cervical vertebra to which skull is attached

45
Q

Axis

A

second vertebra from top

46
Q

Epicondyle

A

funny bone. bone protrusion felt in your elbow

47
Q

Condyles

A

rounded end of bones that usually work with other bone ends

48
Q

Mandible

A

Lower jaw bone

49
Q

Articular Cartilage

Hyaline

A

catilage on end of bone joints

50
Q

what is inside Bursae

A

cushions at various joints

containing synovial fluid

51
Q

What electrolyte is in bone

A

Calcium

52
Q

Ischial tuberosity

A

Sit bone

53
Q

Carpels

A

wrist bones

54
Q

Maleolus

A

ankle bones

54
Q

Head

A

Rounded know of femor

55
Q

Myelo Suppression

A

Bone marros suppression

55
Q

Process

A

Protrusion

56
Q

Hematophoesis

A

formation of blood cells

56
Q

Condyle

A

Knob

57
Q

weight bearing excercise

A

strengthens bones (up to 30yrs)

57
Q

Crest

A

Crest to top edge

Flat projection edge?

58
Q

Ossification

A

cartilage to bone

58
Q

Spine

A

Raised edge

59
Q

Osteoclasts

A

resorb bone tissue. break down

59
Q

Foramen

A

Holes for vessels

60
Q

Osteocytes

A

maintain and repair existing bone matrix

60
Q

Sinus

A

Cavity within bone line by mucous membrane

61
Q

Osteoblasts

A

Manufacture the matrix. create bone

61
Q

Fossa

A

Deep groove or depression

62
Q

Fossa

A

deep groves or depression

62
Q

Meatus

A

Holes in bone for blood vessels

63
Q

Meatus

A

holes in bone for blood vessels

63
Q

Caracoid Process

A

Can’t palpate

Bone under acromium process

64
Q

Xypoid Process

A

bone/cartilage right under sternum bone

64
Q

Shin bone

A

Tibia

65
Q

Glenoid Cavity

A

Humeral head sits in this

65
Q

Malleolus

A

Ankle

66
Q

Medial malleolus

A

Inside ankle bone

67
Q

Pubic arch is wider in

A

women

67
Q

Lateral malleolus

A

Outside ankle bone

68
Q

Type of fractures

A

Open - bone protrudes through skin
Greenstick - bone soft and splinters or frays (in children)
Comminuted - broken in many piecs

dont need to know
Closed
Impacted
Spiral
Transverse
Oblique
68
Q

Open fracture

A

Bone through skin

69
Q

Types of Joints

A

Fibrous:
Synarthrosis (immovable) i.e. sutures in skull

Cartilaginous:
Amphiarthrosis (slightly movable) i.e. pubic sympehsis (stretches during childbirth)

Synovial:
Diarthrosis (freely movable) i.e. arms, legs, can move in 2 directions. Ball & Socket

69
Q

Greenstick

A

Splintered. Mostly in children

70
Q

Hyaline (articular cartilage)

A

cartilage at edges of bone heads

70
Q

Comminuted fracture

A

Broken in many pieces

71
Q

Joints synonym

A

Articulation

Where one bone meets another

72
Q

Movement of forearm and ankle

A 
Supination (palm up)
Pronation (palm down)
Inversion (ankle)
Eversion (ankle)
Dorsiflexion (foot) toe to nose
Plantar flexion (foot)
72
Q

Synarthrosis

A

Immovable fibrous joints

I.e. Sutures in skull

73
Q

Cartilaginous

A

Ie Pubic synthesis stretches during childbirth

78
Q

Pelvic bones

A
  • Illium (upper flared portion)
  • Illiac Crest (curved rim along ilium border where bone marrow extracted)
  • Ischium (lowest, strongest part)
  • Pubis
88
Q

Movement at Synovial Joints (fig 7.26)

A 
Flexion
Extension
Abduction (wide outside)
Adduction (towards inside)
Circumduction
Roation
93
Q

Diarthrosis

A

Joints Freely moveable in all directions

94
Q

Vitamin D promotes

A

Calcium absorption

95
Q

Parathyroid hormones casuse bones to

A

resporb and release calcium into blood

Nursing, LPN, Year 1 (44 decks)

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