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Derm > Wk 1 Integument > Flashcards

Wk 1 Integument Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

3 layers of integument

A

epidermis
dermis
hypodermis

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2
Q

Layers of epidermis

A

Stratum corneum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum spinosum
Stratum germinativum/basale

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3
Q

Stratum basale

  • Mitotically active?
  • Protein synthesizers?
  • What important protein is synthesized?
A
  • mitotically active
  • free ribosomes/polyribosomes, little rough ER
  • keratin type intermediate filaments
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4
Q

Stratum spinosum

  • Mitotically active?
  • How does it look and why?
A
  • mitotically active

- looks ‘spiney’ due to retraction where desmosomes are not present

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5
Q

Lipid bodies produced in stratum spinosum

A

lamellar bodies

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6
Q

Stratus granulosum

  • Mitotically active?
  • Cell status?
A
  • mitotically inactive

- cells are dying

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7
Q

Stratum corneum

-Mitotically active?

A
  • mitotically inactive

- completely keratinized

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8
Q

Keratohyalin graules

A

important for keratin-type intermediate filament aggregation

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9
Q

2 types of karatins

A

hard: hair and nails
soft: epidermis and internal sheath of hair

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10
Q

Psoriasis

A

increased stratum basale mitotic activity–>increased cell turnover

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11
Q

Pemphigus vulgaris

A

desmoglian destruction

blistering

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12
Q

Bullous pemphigoid

A

autoimmune destruction of dermis-epidermis junction

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13
Q

Most numerous epidermal cell type

A

keratinocytes

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14
Q

Macrophages distributed in epidermis

A

Langerhans cells

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15
Q

Merkel cells

A

non-myelinated sensory nerves

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16
Q

Why are there primary and secondary papillae on the epidermis?

A

to increase surface area and adhesion

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17
Q

Layers of dermis

A 
papillary layer (with papillae)
reticular layer
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18
Q

Lines you cut if you’re a surgeon

A

Langer’s lines

rough estimate of which direction dense irregular CT runs, reduces scarring

19
Q

Hypodermis composition

A

loose CT, adipose

20
Q

Causes variation in skin color

A
  • carotene (yellow)

- melanin (brown)

21
Q

Cells look like basketballs with fingery projections

A

melanocytes

22
Q

How is melanin formed?

A
  • tyrosinase (in melanocytes) synthesized

- tyrosin and L-dopa polymerized into melanin polymer

23
Q

Weißfleckenkrankheit

A

melanocyte destruction

vitiligo

24
Q

Origin of dermal blood supply

A

rete cutaneum

25
Q

Branch of rete cutaneum

A

rete subpapillare (between reticular and papillary layers of dermis)

26
Q

What do you need to know for the hair?

A

hair follicle and shaft

27
Q

Hair color determined by what?

A

oxidation state and quantity of melanin

28
Q

Vellus hair

A

fine, covers most of body

29
Q

Lanugo hair

A

fetus/infants

30
Q

Terminal hair

A

scalp, beard, etc.

31
Q

Function of arrector pili muscles

A
  • “goose” bumps

- move sebaceous gland products

32
Q

Areas above and below nail

A

epomychium/hyponychium

33
Q

Why do we have white half moon under nails?

A

hyponychium is thicker there/red from vascularization less prominent

34
Q

Sebaceous glands are usually associated with ___________ and use ________ secretion to secrete __________

A

hair follicles, holocrine, oily products

35
Q

Two types of sweat glands

A
  • eccrine (most common)

- apocrine

36
Q

Eccrine sweat glands | secretory portion

  • Cell type
  • Location
A
  • simple cuboidal

- deep dermis or hypodermis

37
Q

Eccrine sweat glands | duct portion

  • Cell type
  • Location
  • Function
A
  • stratified cuboidal
  • through epidermis
  • resorbs salts
38
Q

Apocrine sweat glands | secretory portion

  • Cell type
  • Locations
A
  • simple cuboidal/columnar

- axilla, areolae, anogenital

39
Q

Apocrine sweat glands | duct portion

  • Cell type
  • Location
A
  • stratified cuboidal

- empty into hair follicles

40
Q

Peritrichial nerve endings

A

free nerve endings wrapped around hair follicles

41
Q

Tactile cell of Merkel

A

free nerve endings that respond to touch

42
Q

Meissner’s copuscles

A

very sensitive nerve terminations, fingertips

43
Q

Pacinian corpuscles

A

respond to deep pressure, look like onion

Derm (45 decks)

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