Wk 1 Dermatopathology Flashcards
1
Q
Vitiligo
A
autoimmune melanocyte destruction
2
Q
Albinism
A
tyrosinase deficiency, little or no melanin produced
3
Q
Freckles
A
pigmented lesion
increased pigment in basal melanocytes
4
Q
Melasma
- where?
- characteristics?
- population affected?
A
pigmented lesion
- mask-like facial pigmentation
- hyperpigmentation
- pregnant women or those on birth control
5
Q
Solar lentigo
- cause
- pathogenesis
A
pigmented lesion
- overexposure to sun
- excess melanin production/normal melanocyte #
6
Q
Lentigo simplex
- pathology
- characteristic lesions
A
melanocytic hyperplasia
- genetically predisposed local melanocytic hyperplasia
- very dark, uniform lesions
7
Q
Nevus
- layman’s term
- most common mutation
A
- mole
- BRAF mutation is most common
8
Q
Junctional vs Compound Nevi
A
Junctional- only in epidermis
Compound- penetrating into dermis
9
Q
Which layer of skin do nevi begin growing?
A
epidermis
10
Q
Spitz nevus
- characteristics
- population affected
- treatment?
A
- bright red, dome-shaped. often confused with hemangioma
- generally found in children
- always remove these lesions
11
Q
Blue nevi
- what do they look like?
- where is melanocyte proliferation occurring?
A
- look like melanomas
- melanocyte proliferation exclusively in dermis
12
Q
Nevi:
- benign
- malignant
- sometimes malignant
A
always benign
13
Q
Clinical signs of malignant melanoma
A
Asymmetry Border Color Diameter Evolution
14
Q
Melanoma in situ vs Malignant melanoma
A
in situ = only in epidermal layer
malignant = spread to dermis
15
Q
Most important indicator of melanoma’s invasiveness?
A
Breslow’s depth ( > 1 mm is bad)
