Western Civ. CH2 Flashcards
Were brought back to build their massive temples, palaces, and cities
conquered people
Were among the most ruthless of the ancient middle east
Assyrian rulers
The largest empire on the ancient world to that point
Cyrus the Great “King of Kings”
Military strength and cultural toleration were the foundations for
maintaining order in the empire
Governors duties included:
keeping order
enrolling troops (recruiting)
sending revenue to royal treasure
The world is an arena for ongoing battle for control between divine forces of good and evil
moral dualism
The Israelites had to follow a strict religious and moral code
The 10 Commandments
Throughout this period Jewish prophets preached their defeats were divine punishment for
neglecting the Sinai covenant and mistreating the poor
The creation of this __________ was the most crucial development for the history not only of Judaism but also Christianity and Islam
sacred text
The Mycenaean period became the historical setting of much of the ancient Greek
literature and mythology
The Mycenaeans valued war more than ________
religion
The Greeks that emerged had lost their writing, eventually adopting the
Phoenician alphabet
competitive individual excellence
Arete
Greece’s most famous author, Homer who wrote the epic poems, ____________________
The Iliad and The Odyssey
Above all else, the major theme uniting the Iliad and the Odyssey
Do not under circumstances incur the wrath of the gods
The Value of
Excellence
The Polis
An independent community of citizens inhabiting a city and the surrounding countryside
Mediterranean climate and the steepness of the terrain limited
Which crops and how much of them could be grown
Population increases usually led to population exodus .
As a result,___________________
Greek colonized throughout the Mediterranean and Black Sea
Value
self-sufficiency or individualism
The Greek Polis was unique in that it was based on the concept of
citizenship for all its free males
There are three types of government:
- Most common form of government in Archaic Greece
Tyrannies
Oligarchies
-Democracies
Greeks honored their gods through publicly founded religious activity called
cults
The most important oracle in Greece was the
Oracle of Delphi (Apollo)
Sparta- organized its society with laws directed at a single purpose
Military readiness
Primary loyalty was to the
group
The Discipline was harsh
- This trained him for honorable occupation for Spartan men
An obedient soldier
Helots
Slaves of the Spartan city, state who were Greek in origin.
The Spartan Government was an oligarchy, consisting of three components
- 2 hereditary prestigious military leaders (called kings), who served as both the states religious heads and generals of the army.
- A council of 28 Elders (over the age of 60)
- 5 annually elected magistrates or Ephors (overseers) who made policy and enforced laws.
Who became magistrates and Judges and ran the Judicial system by rendering verdicts in disputes and criminal accusations
Archons
Cleisthenes
Father of Athenian Democracy
Whereby a vote from more than 6,000 of the citizens would etile a citizen for 10 years
Ostracism
