From Middle Ages to the Renaissance Flashcards
From Carolingian times, schools and universities existed to educate only:
Monks and priests
Universities were self-governing corporations:
They regulated discipline, scholastic standards, housing, clothing, and behavior.
Gothic Architecture:
Gothic churches are also usually bigger than Romanesque churches, have pointed arches not round arches, and much bigger windows.
General Eyre:
Group of traveling royal justices who would rule on criminal as well as civil cases.
The crown’s right to decide whether to extract personal service or to accept payment in lieu of service:
Scutage
Magna Carta:
- Protection for the barons from illegal imprisonment.
- New taxation only with baronial consent and limitations on scutage.
The magna carta implied that the:
King was not above the law.
Monks who join the Franciscans order will be called _________________ from the Latin term for brothers.
Friars
Take vow of poverty, they rely exclusively on charitable donations to survive:
Mendicants
The Cathars, calling themselves
The Cathars “Christ’s poor”
Franciscans and Dominicans:
The cathers challenged the efficacy and legitimacy of the church hierarchy.
Northern European:
(Germans), (Teutonic Knights), the Denmark, Poland, and Sweden
Christians motivated more by:
Land Seizures
Considered the most powerful Pope of the Medieval period:
Pope Innocent lll
The Fourth Lateran Council:
Church sought to regulate all aspects of European society and promote a fully Christian way of life.
The Mongols under their powerful leader:
Genghis Khan
Leave the existing Russian government in place, so long as they:
Paid tribute and homage
The most famous of all was the venetian merchants was:
Marco Polo
The trade routes between East and West known as the silk road:
Textiles, ginger, ceramics, copper, silk, and pepper.
Ends in 1352 with the deaths of 1/3-1/5 of the population.
The Black Death
Religious zealots who demonstrated their religious fervor and sought atonement for their sins by vigorously whipping themselves in public displays of penance.
Flagellant Movement
The war began in 1337 when:
French King Philip Vl laid claim to Gascony, a fief of the English King Edward lll.
Resulted in the great English victory at Agincourt 1415:
Gives England control over Northern France.
Turned the long standing Anglo-French conflict into a religious war:
Joan of Arc
The ____________________________ in 1389 effectively marked the end of Christian resistance south of the Danube river:
Battle of Kosovo
The Ottoman’s elite forces they were originally European Christian children taken by force from their families:
Janissaries
Last Byzantine Emperor:
Constantine Xl
The turks rename the city:
Istanbul
Significance of the fall:
- The fall of Constantinople is the event that ended the Middle Ages and started the Renaissance.
- Fall of Constantinople closed the trade routes from the east.
This forces the Christian west to seek an ALL Water River to the Orient.
The Origins:
Florence
Public places such as marketplaces and public squares will be called:
Piazzas
“Magnificent” He was the most powerful and enthusiastic patron of the Renaissance:
Lorenzo de Medici
They were the most infamous family of Renaissance Italy:
The House of Borgia
These 3 countries will battle one another for supremacy of the Americas for over 300 years:
Spain, France, and England
The English defeat of the 100 Years War, For the next 30 years:
War of the Roses
