Absolutism, Constitutionalism, and Search for Order

Question 1

An ardent believer in the divine right of kings. A system of absolute monarchical ruler.

Answer 1

Louis XlV

Question 2

The conflict began:

Answer 2

1648 when Cardinal Mazarin levied a tax on judicial officers. When they refused to pay and demanded the right to approve new taxes, he had the leaders arrested.

Question 3

The Fronde’s goal:

Answer 3

Was to protect their ancient liberties from royal encroachments. Not to overthrow the king.

Question 4

Results of the Fronde:

Answer 4

Louis centralized the army under his direct control.

Question 5

The Gardens reflected the spirit of Louis XlV’s rule, their geometrical arrangement and clear lines showed:

Answer 5

That art and design could tame nature. That order and control defined the exercise of power.

Question 6

Absolutism:

Answer 6

A system of government in which the ruler claims sole and uncontestable power.

Question 7

Louis will achieve absolutism by making everyone dependent upon him:
Using a systematic policy of:

Answer 7

Bestowing pensions, offices and honors (titles of nobility), gifts, and the threat of disfavor or punishment.

Question 8

Nobility of the sword:

Answer 8

Family members, princes, old military based nobility.

Question 9

Intendants:

Answer 9

Holders of a public administrative office.

Question 10

Intendants performed 3 main functions:

Answer 10

1. Collection of taxes
2. Financing public projects
3. Provisioning of the army

Question 11

Mercantilism:

Answer 11

Government must intervene to increase national wealth by whatever means possible.

Question 12

Louis XlV embark on a series of wars that will earn him the nickname:

Answer 12

The Christian Turk

Question 13

The war of spanish succession:

Answer 13

Charles ll, King of Spain died. Leaving no male heir. Attempted to unify the French and the Spanish crowns and controlled a vast empire.

Question 14

Unlike Louis, he recognized:

Answer 14

Noble dominance over the land in exchange for state service.

Question 15

True contribution to absolutism in his realm war the:

Answer 15

Quadrupling of his army

Question 16

Parliaments most indispensable power:

Answer 16

Was in ability to raise tax revenues far in excess of all other source of revenue at the crown disposal.

Question 17

Be England had no single constitutional document ________________________________________________________________ regulated relations between king and Parliament.

Answer 17

A variety of laws, judicial decisions, charters, petitions, and customary procedures.

Question 18

The scots riot and then invade England:

Answer 18

Archbishop of canterbury issued the Book of common prayer to enforce uniform rules of worship in England, Scotland, and Wales.

Question 19

The long Parliament passed 3 laws in order to place limits on the kings absolute monarchical rule:

Answer 19

1. Parliament should convene once every 3 years.
2. Made it illegal for the king to impose taxes without Parliamentary consent.
3. Parliament passed a law forbidding the king to dissolve it without its consent.

Question 20

Fought for parliament:

Answer 20

Roundheads

Question 21

Fought for king:

Answer 21

Cavaliers

Question 22

Levellers:

Answer 22

Who wanted to “level” social differences and extended political participation to all male property owners.

Question 23

Charles l was found guilty:

Answer 23

Of attempting to establish, “an unlimited and tyrannical power.”

Question 24

The Cromwellian Rump Parliament then abolished the monarchy and the House of Lords and set up a Puritan Republic known as the:

Answer 24

Commonwealth of England

Question 25

Parliament passed the Test Act of 1673:

Answer 25

Requiring all government officials to profess allegiance to the church of England.

Question 26

Supported a strong hereditary monarchy and the church of England.

Answer 26

Tories

Question 27

Advocated Parliamentary supremacy, and toleration of Protestant dissenters.

Answer 27

Whigs

Question 28

Glorious Revolution:

Answer 28

Power shifted without spilling blood.

Question 29

In the book, Hobbes argued in favor of:

Answer 29

Absolutism

Question 30

According to Hobbes, the fundamental attributes of Human are:

Answer 30

1. Desire
2. The will to survive
3. Esteem and Recognition

Question 31

Giving up _____________________________ collective security.

Answer 31

Personal liberty

Question 32

Governments only purpose was to:

Answer 32

Protect life, Liberty, and Property

Question 33

Assembly of the Lord:

Answer 33

A proto-parliamentary institution that was summoned irregularly that consisted of noble delegates and religious leaders from the provinces.

Question 34

Code of 1649:
The price for this?

Answer 34

The nobles owed absolute obedience to the Tsar and were required to serve in the army.