2nd Semester Review

Question 1

Who dominated the long distance trade routes during medieval times?

Answer 1

The Italians

Question 2

What was the most significant conflict between church and state in medieval Europe?

Answer 2

Investiture conflict

Question 3

What will become the rallying cry for the crusaders throughout the crusades?

Answer 3

God wills it

Question 4

Legends of this order secret rituals, huge wealth and lost treasures have long fascinated conspiracy theorists for centuries.

Answer 4

The Knights Templar

Question 5

List the significance of the Battle of Hastings.

Answer 5

1. England political shift from the Scandinavian world to continental Europe.
2. Domesday book
3. Birth of the Modern English Language.

Question 6

Explain the 2 important provisions within the Magna Carta.

Answer 6

1. Protection for the barons from illegal imprisonment.
2. New taxation only with baronial consent and limitations on scutage.

Question 7

By 1215 the Mongols had conquered most of China under their powerful leader:

Answer 7

Genghis Khan

Question 8

Who was the most famous of all Venetian merchants?

Answer 8

Marco Polo

Question 9

Name the great plague that ends in 1352 with the deaths of 1/3 to 3/5’s of the European population.

Answer 9

The Black Death

Question 10

What French peasant girl turned the longstanding Anglo-French conflict into a religious war?

Answer 10

Joan of Arc

Question 11

The Renaissance originated in what Italian city?

Answer 11

Florence

Question 12

Define the Columbian Exchange.

Answer 12

The movement of people, animals, plants, manufactured goods, precious metals, and diseases between Europe, America, and Africa.

Question 13

What were Martin Luther’s 2 major issues with the church?

Answer 13

Salvation and Indulgences.

Question 14

Pope Paul lll created a new priest order to combat the Protestants and to convert the heathens to Christianity. What was this new order of priests called?

Answer 14

The Jesuits

Question 15

What was the name of one of the most influential royal houses of Europe? The House of Charles V of Spain.

Answer 15

The House of Habsburg

Question 16

What were French Calvinists called?

Answer 16

Huguenots

Question 17

In response to the execution of the Catholic Monarch, Mary Queen of Scots, Philip ll of Spain:

Answer 17

Sent the famous Spanish Armada to crush England.

Question 18

Name the King who was an ardent believer in the divine right of kings and will create a system of absolute monarchical rule?

Answer 18

Louis XIV

Question 19

Define absolutism:

Answer 19

A system of government in which the ruler claims sole and uncontestable power.

Question 20

Define Mercantilism:

Answer 20

Government must intervene to increase national wealth by whatever means possible.

Question 21

Name given to those who fought for Parliament?

Answer 21

Roundheads

Question 22

Name given to those who fought for the King?

Answer 22

Cavaliers

Question 23

The Cromwellian Rump Parliament then abolished the monarchy and the House of Lords and set up a Puritan Republic known as the:

Answer 23

Commonwealth of England

Question 24

What city symbolized Russia’s opening to the west?

Answer 24

St. Petersburg

Question 25

John Locke argues that the governments only purpose was to protect what?

Answer 25

Protect life, liberty, and property

Question 26

Define the following: mestizo, peninsular, and creoles.

Answer 26

1. Person born to a spanish father and native mother. 2. Born in spain. 3. Born in america of spanish parents.

Question 27

Explain the strategic importance of the creation of the Bank of England.

Answer 27

Enabled the government to raise money at low interests for foreign war.

Question 28

What were the 2 central doctrines of the Enlightenment philosophers?

Answer 28

Individual liberty and religious tolerance.

Question 29

Who were the executive authority in the colonies, tasked with carrying out the Kings instructions?

Answer 29

Royal governors

Question 30

What were the 3 main reasons for immigration to the New World?

Answer 30

Economic, political, and religious tolerance.

Question 31

List the 4 Coercive Acts:

Answer 31

1. Boston Port Act 2. Massachusetts Government Act 3. Impartial Administration of Justice Act 4. Quartering Act

Question 32

The Second Continental Congress issued a Declaration of Independence on what day?

Answer 32

July 4, 1776

Question 33

A body of deputies from the three estates or orders.

Answer 33

Estates General

Question 34

Know what the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen proclaimed.

Answer 34

Men are born and remain free and equal in rights.

Question 35

Know what the slogans and values that will define the French revolution are.

Answer 35

1. Liberty 2. Equality 3. Fraternity

Question 36

2nd century B.C. artifact that will unlock the lost ancient Egyptian culture.

Answer 36

Rosetta Stone

Question 37

The objective of the congress was to provide a long-term peace plan for Europe by settling critical issues arising from the French Revolutionary wars and the Napoleonic wars.

Answer 37

Congress of Vienna

Question 38

Know what America's reaction to the political instability in South America during the 1820's was:

Answer 38

Monroe Doctrine

Question 39

Causes of WWl.

Answer 39

1. Nationalism 2. Militarism: Germany's rise as a world power. 3. Imperialism 4. Entangling Alliances

Question 40

Reasons for American Involvement:

Answer 40

1. Economics 2. Unrestricted submarine warfare. 3. Anti-german propaganda

Question 41

This clause (provision) forced Germany to accept responsibility for the war.

Answer 41

War guilt clause

Question 42

Point 14: General Association of Nations. To guarantee the security of great and small nations alike.

Answer 42

League of Nations

Question 43

What NAZI stands for:

Answer 43

National socialists german workers party.

Question 44

Results of the failed Putsch:

Answer 44

1. The trial publicity makes Hitler a national figure. 2. He writes Mein Kampf. 3. He decides to take power legally.

Question 45

Western Democracies policy of accepting Hitler's demands in order to avoid conflict.

Answer 45

Appeasement

Question 46

Hitler invades Poland. WWll begins.

Answer 46

September 1, 1939

Question 47

Reasons Hitler invades Russia:

Answer 47

1. Heart of communism 2. It's where the Lebensraum is to be found. 3. It's home to the largest jewish population in the world.

Question 48

Desert Fox:

Answer 48

Field Marshall Erwin Rommel

Question 49

The U.S. will give $46 billion in aid.

Answer 49

Lend-lease

Question 50

Axis and Allies Countries and Leaders:

Answer 50

Allied - America: FDR - England: Winston Churchill - Russia: Joseph Stalin Axis - Germany: Adolf Hitler - Italy: Benito Mussolini - Japan: Hideki Tojo

Question 51

D-Day:

Answer 51

June 6, 1944

Question 52

Conference considered a "sellout" by FDR:

Answer 52

Yalta Conference

Question 53

Supreme Allied Commander in Europe:

Answer 53

Dwight David Eisenhower