Week29&30 Flashcards

1
Q

indolent

A

the indolent son of a wealthy landowner (lazy)

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2
Q

gusto

A

eagerness and energy (with great ?) ذوق و اشتیاق

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3
Q

national anthem

hymn (spell: him)

carol

lullaby

A

سرود ملی

سرود تو کلیسا

سرود کریسمس

آهنگ خواب بچه

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4
Q

inclement weather

A

unpleasant wet and cold weather

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5
Q

garrulous

A

talkative (a ? old man)

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6
Q

zest

A

lemon/orange ? پوست لیمو و پرتقال

اشتیاق و شوق gusto, eagerness

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7
Q

banal bəˈnɑːl

A

conversations about the most banal subjects (ordinary and not interesting, trivial)

پیش پا افتاده

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8
Q

platitude platitudinous

A

one platitude after another about …his comments are ?

حرفهای بی مزه تکراری

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9
Q

wearing thin. That joke is wearing a bit/little thin now, Stuart

A

if an excuse, an argument, someone’s behaviour etc is ? , it has been used so often that it no longer has any effect and is annoying

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10
Q

laudable ˈlɒːdəb ə l

A

praiseworthy; a ? attempt; the ? performances

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11
Q

took French leave

A

The star player was fined $ 100 when he took French leave from the training camp? (went away without permission)

Hey John, don’t do a French Leave after work, we’re all going to happy hour.

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12
Q

chatty

A

The ? girl on the phone answered most of my questions (liking to talk a lot in a friendly way)

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13
Q

articulate

A

These were ? people, well able to deal with the press and media(able to talk easily and effectively about things, especially difficult subjects)

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14
Q

chatterbox

A

Cathy’s a real ?.(informal someone, especially a child, who talks a lot)

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15
Q

chattering

A

if your teeth are ?, you are so cold or frightened that your teeth are knocking together

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16
Q

es‧chew / ɪsˈtʃuː / verb [transitive] formal

A

I had eschewed politics/ religion.(deliberately avoid doing or using something)

اجتناب کردن

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17
Q

cryptic

A

a ? note at the end of the letter (having a meaning that is mysterious or not easily understood; ? remark/comment/statement etc)

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18
Q

avid

A

an ? collector of old jazz records ; an ? reader (doing something as much as possible SYN keen)

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19
Q

enthusiastic

A

He’s really ? about his new job. | An ? crowd cheered the team onto the pitch(showing a lot of interest or excitement about something)

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20
Q

pique piːk

A

(a feeling of being annoyed or upset, especially because someone has ignored you or insulted you)

Nothing can put an avid viewer into a pique more quickly than missing an important contest عصباني

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21
Q

dilettante /ˌdɪlɪˈtɑːnt/ n.

A

It is the dilettante who eschews the amateur variety and watches only the professional games

John, a dilettante who played seven muscial instruments, couldn’t get a spot in the school band because he didn’t play any single instrument well. (someone who is not serious about what they are doing or does not study a subject thoroughly) ناشی

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22
Q

atypical eɪˈtɪpɪk ə l

A

The atypical fan will watch only his home team playnot usual

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23
Q

nondescript ˌnɑːndəˈskrɪpt

A

a rather ? suburban house; enthusiasts will continue to view the most ? contests(looks very ordinary and is not at all interesting or unusual). معمولي

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24
Q

lithe / laɪð

A

having a body that moves easily and gracefully: the strong ? bodies of gymnasts

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25
Q

obese / əʊˈbiːs

A

Doctors exhort ? individuals to go on diets; He went to a summer camp for ? teenagers. (very fat in a way that is unhealthy)

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26
Q

chubby

A

slightly fat in a nice-looking way – used especially about babies and children: A ? little baby was playing on the rug

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27
Q

plump

A

a woman or child who is ? is slightly fat, especially in a pleasant way: Her mother was a ? cheerful woman

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28
Q

adherent ədˈhɪrənt

A

? of the Greek Orthodox Church ; The anti-globalization movement is attracting new ? to its principles. (someone who supports a particular belief, plan, political party etc). طرفدار

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29
Q

bliss blɪs(sheer bliss=complete bliss)

A

I didn’t have to get up till 11 – it was sheer ?. ; domestic/wedded/marital ?; six months of wedded ? (perfect happiness or enjoyment)

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30
Q

euphoria

A

The ? of Ireland’s amazing victory over England last Sunday has died away.; The drug produces a feeling of ?(an extremely strong feeling of happiness and excitement, especially because you have achieved something, or because of the effects of a drug)

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31
Q

pathetic

A

1 something or someone that is ? is so useless, unsuccessful, or weak that they annoy you: You’re ?! Here, let me do it. ;I know it sounds ? now, but at the time I was frightened.; Vic made a ? attempt to apologise. 2 making you feel pity or sympathy: The child looked a ? sight

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32
Q

disgruntled / dɪsˈɡrʌntld

A

annoyed or disappointed, especially because things have not happened in the way that you wanted: a ? client ناراضی

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33
Q

bereft / bəˈreft

A

1 ? of hope/meaning/life etc completely without any hope etc: The team now seems ? of inspiration. 2 feeling very sad and lonely: His death in 1990 left her completely ?.

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34
Q

insatiable / ɪnˈseɪʃəb ə l

A

always wanting more and more of something ? appetite/desire/demand etc (for something) ; his ? appetite for power ; our ? thirst for knowledge

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35
Q

exhort / ɪɡˈzɔːrt

A

SYN urge; Police ?ed the crowd to remain calm. (formal to try very hard to persuade someone to do something) تشویق و ترغیب کردن

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36
Q

apathy / ˈæpəθi

A

The campaign failed because of public ?. ; who may be in a state of ?; The feeling of ? was so prevalent during the election campaign (the feeling of not being interested in something, and not willing to make any effort to change or improve things) بی علاقگی

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37
Q

fracas ˈfreɪkəs

A

SYN affray; Eight people were injured in the ?. from time to time a ? may break out in the stands(a short noisy fight involving several people)

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38
Q

inebriated / ɪˈniːbrieɪtəd

A

drunk (formal)He was usually sedate, but when ? he became hostile

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39
Q

adversary

A

his old ?; My ? became disgruntled because my arguments were so cogent(formal a country or person you are fighting or competing against)

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40
Q

foe

A

(literary) an enemy; A guard called out ‘Who goes there – friend or ??’ | his former ?

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41
Q

opponent

A

You win the game if you are left with more cards than your ?. | He is admired even by his political ?(someone you are competing against, for example in a sports game, competition, or election)

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42
Q

enthusiasm / ɪnˈθuːziæz ə m

A

Gillian and Darren greeted the speakers with great ?. ; We went along to the local diving club, full of ?. ; They go about their tasks with little ?(a strong feeling of interest and enjoyment about something and an eagerness to be involved in it) علاقه و لذت شدید

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43
Q

enthusiasm

A

be fired (up) with ? (= be very enthusiastic and keen to do something ) She came back from the course fired up with ?

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44
Q

besmirch / bɪˈsmɜːrtʃ

A

The fracas started when he ?ed my good nameliterary, ? sb’s honour/reputation to spoil the good opinion that people have of someone

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45
Q

intrepid / ɪnˈtrepɪd

A

brave; ? explorers ; an ? traveller ; We sent our ? reporter to find out what is happening.(willing to do dangerous things or go to dangerous places – often used humorously) written

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46
Q

wane / weɪn

A

My enthusiasm for the project was ?ing. The group’s influence had begun to ? by this time. افت کردنwhen the moon ?s, you gradually see less of it OPP wax

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47
Q

scoff / skɑːf

A

David ?ed at her fears. ; Officials ?ed at the idea. ; ‘You, a scientist!’ he ?ed. مسخره کردن

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48
Q

go on went on and on

A

SYN continue; I can’t ? like this for much longer. The screaming ? (= continued for a long time )

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49
Q

slam

A

SYN bang; We heard a car door ?. ; He ?med the door shut . (if a door, gate etc slams, or if someone slams it, it shuts with a loud noise)

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50
Q

put the lid on

A

Did you ? the cookie jar? (to close a container by putting a lid onto it: )

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51
Q

Henry slammed the phone down angrily.

A

هنری گوشیش رو محکم زد زمین به عصبانیت

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52
Q

enervate / ˈenərveɪt

A

The hot sun ?d her to the point of collapse. ; David felt too ?d to resist. بی حال کردن

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53
Q

extinct / ɪkˈstɪŋkt

A

Dinosaurs have been ? for millions of years. Pandas could become ? in the wild. an ? species (an ? type of animal or plant does not exist any more)

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54
Q

aboard / əˈbɔːrd

A

They finally went ? the plane. (on or onto a ship, plane, or train:)

55
Q

tranquil / ˈtræŋkwɪl

A

pleasantly calm, quiet, and peaceful: آروم و بی سر و صداa small ? village

56
Q

turbulent / ˈtɜːrbjʊlənt

A

a ? situation or period of time is one in which there are a lot of sudden changes: ; the ? times of the French Revolution ; He has had a ? political career. 2 ? air or water moves around a lot; the dark ? waters of the river

57
Q

idyllic / aɪˈdɪlɪk/

A

an ? place or time is very beautiful, happy, and peaceful, with no problems or dangers ; ? setting/surroundings/scene etc ; If you want old-world tradition in an ? setting, this is the hotel for you.

58
Q

conduct / kənˈdʌkt

A

We are ?ing a survey of consumer attitudes towards organic food. Is it really necessary to ? experiments on animals? ; The interview was ?ed in English. ; The memorial service was ?ed by the Rev. David Prior. انجام دادن

59
Q

conductor

A

هادی گرما و برقرهبر ارکستر

60
Q

swift

A

My letter received a ? reply. ;She shot a ? glance at Paul.; They were ? to deny the accusations. ; a ? runner ; He is not too ? (he is not very intelligent) سریع

61
Q

galvanize / ˈɡælvənaɪz

A

The possibility of defeat finally ?d us into action; The report ?d world opinion. (to shock or surprise someone so that they do something to solve a problem, improve a situation etc)

62
Q

strip

A

undress: Jack ?ped and jumped into the shower. ;The prisoner was ?ped and beaten.; He ?ped off his sweater and threw it onto the couch. ; Eric stood in the hot sun, ?ped to the waist ; The boys ?ped naked and jumped in the pond.

63
Q

encumber

A

He died in 1874, heavily ?ed by debt. ; The whole process was ?ed with bureaucracy. دست و پای کسی رو بستن

64
Q

scrape

A

? the carrots and slice them thinly. ; The earth was ?d away to uncover a trapdoor. ; Teresa ?d the mud off her boots. ; I heard the side of the car ? against the wall.; I ?d my knee painfully on the concrete. (to remove something from a surface using the edge of a knife, a stick etc)

65
Q

scrape back

A

if you ? your hair ?, you pull it away from your face and tie it at the back: Her blonde hair was ?d into a ponytail.

66
Q

gaudy /ˈɡɒːdi or garish

A

clothes, colors etc that are ? are too bright and look cheap – used to show disapproval: ? jewelry; The wallpaper was much too ? for me زرق و برقی

67
Q

chimney / ˈtʃɪmni

A

دودکش We can’t light a fire because the ? hasn’t been swept. ; He smokes like a ?

68
Q

yearn / jɜːrn

A

Hannah ?ed for a child. Phil had ?ed to be a pilot from an early age. In everyday English, people usually say long for something or long to do something rather than ? اشتیاق داشتن

69
Q

pretext / ˈpriːtekst

A

بهونهThe incident provided the ? for war. ; He left immediately on the ? that he had a train to catch. ; He’ll phone on some ? or other.

70
Q

condescend / ˌkɒndɪˈsend

A

Take care not to ? to your readers. ; ‘Yes. I know,’ Clara said, ?ing to look at Rose for the first time. فخر فروختن(to behave as if you think you are better, more intelligent, or more important than other people)

71
Q

hasty

A

It was a ? decision, which he later regretted. | Let’s not be too ? شتاب زده (که معمولا نتایج خوبی نداره)

72
Q

nasty / ˈnæsti

A

? behaviour or remarks are extremely unkind and unpleasant : زشتa ? temper ; the ? things that were being written about her ; There’s a ? streak in her character. Drivers often have a ? habit of driving too close to cyclists

73
Q

candor / ˈkændər or candid

A

the quality of being honest and telling the truth, even when the truth may be unpleasant or embarrassing خلوص نیتShe spoke with ? about her life. ; With the utmost ?, Twain comments that

74
Q

frank

A

speaking honestly and directly about something, especially something that people find difficult to discuss: In his book, he’s brutally ? about his experience with his illness. | a ? discussion about sex رک و بی پرده

75
Q

blunt

A

speaking in a completely honest way, even if it upsets people, when it would be better to be more careful or polite: Sorry if I was a bit ? with you. | His hard tone and ? words were hurtful. | She didn’t reply and I knew I had been too ?

76
Q

pace / peɪs Do not say ‘ in your own pace ‘ or ‘ on your own pace ‘. Say at your own pace

A

The ? of change in our lives is becoming faster and faster.; Public spending continues to rise at a steady ?. ; You need to step up the ? of your exercises. ; He took a ? towards the door. ; Rebecca walked a few ?s behind her mum. ; This allows each child to learn at his or her own ? ; Reform is proceeding at a snail’s ?; the ? of change/life/development/reform سرعت

77
Q

mortify / ˈmɔːtəfaɪ, ˈmɔːtɪfaɪ $ ˈmɔːr- / verb ( past tense and past participle mortified , present participle mortifying , third person singular mortifies ) [transitive]

A

Nothing would ? Twain more than the fact that کوچک کردن، شرمنده کردن(to cause someone to feel extremely embarrassed or ashamed)

78
Q

• fer‧ry / ˈferi / • cruise ship • liner : an ocean liner | a transatlantic liner

A

•a boat that carries people or goods across a river or a narrow area of water •a large ship that people have holidays on • a large ship that sails long distances across the ocean

79
Q

jocose

A

Verbally funny: “Well Taylor you’re very ? today.” “Thanks?” ; Mark Twain wrote in a ? manner about the races

80
Q

raft / ræft

A

1 a flat floating structure, usually made of pieces of wood tied together, used as a boat 2 a ? of something a large number of things: The company has launched a whole ? of new software products.

81
Q

maligne / məˈlaɪn /

A

She had seen herself repeatedly ?d in the newspapers. ; a much ?d politician ; With quiet humor he continued to malign the riverboat(to say unpleasant things about someone that are untrue SYN slander) بدکسی رو گفتن

82
Q

disdain / dɪsˈdeɪn formal

A

She watched me with ?. ; a look of complete ?; his ? for capitalism; He had such disdain* for us, he would not condescend to speak before our group تحقیر

83
Q

av‧a‧rice / ˈævərəs, ˈævərɪs / noun [uncountable]

A

It is most common to malign the wealthy for their ?(formal a desire to have a lot of money that is considered to be too strong SYN greed ) زیاده خواهی

84
Q

dole‧ful / ˈdəʊlf ə l $ ˈdoʊl- / adjective formal

A

a ? song about lost love ; It is difficult to be jocose in the presence of so many doleful people(very sad)

85
Q

the dole

A

money given by the government in the US to people who need financial help SYN welfare How many people are on the public ??

86
Q

euphemism / ˈjuːfəmɪz ə m

A

‘Pass away’ is a ? for ‘die’. Family planning is a ? for contraception ; When we cannot speak with candor, we utilize euphemisms

87
Q

sportsmanship / ˈspɔːtsmənʃɪp $ ˈspɔːrts

A

His ? and style of play are refreshing. جوانمردی(behaviour that is fair, honest, and polite in a game or sports competition)

88
Q

stoop 1 / stuːp /

A

We had to ? to pass through the low entrance. ;Dave ?ed down to tie his shoes. (verb) خم شدنa raised area at the door of a house, usually big enough to sit on (noun)

89
Q

embarrass / ɪmˈbærəs

A

He didn’t want to ? her by asking questions. شرمنده کردن

90
Q

pillar

A

Eight massive stone ?s supported the roof. ستونa tall upright round post, usually made of stone, put up to remind people of an important person or event

91
Q

omnipotent / ɒmˈnɪpətənt — omnipotence noun [uncountable] قدرت مطلق

A

The riverboat pilot was a man considered ? by allable to do everything SYN all-powerful ; We would scoff at anyone calling himself ? قادر مطلق

92
Q

zen‧ith / ˈziːnəθ/

A

1 The Roman Empire reached its ? around the year 100. 2 technical the highest point that is reached by the sun or the moon in the sky REGISTER; ? sounds rather literary. In everyday English, people usually say peak: ; Her career was at its peak . (the most successful point in the development of something SYN peak OPP nadir اوج)

93
Q

nadir / ˈneɪdər

A

By 1932, the depression had reached its ?.

94
Q

fledg‧ling; fledgeling / ˈfledʒlɪŋ

A

a young bird that is learning to fly ; a ? state or organization has only recently been formed and is still developing ; a fledgling republic ; The ? poet lived a frugal life

95
Q

apprentice

A

She works in the hairdresser’s as an ?. ; an ? electrician ; He was ?d to a local architect. شاگرد، شاگردی کردن

96
Q

abjure / æbˈdʒʊr

A

I want ? my post; formal to state publicly that you will give up a particular belief or way of behaving SYN renounce

97
Q

unfettered / ʌnˈfetəd $ -ərd

A

? economic activity ; not restricted by laws or rules نامحدود

98
Q

hamper / ˈhæmpər

A

She tried to run, but was ?ed by her heavy suitcase. ; An attempt to rescue the men has been ?ed by bad weather.

99
Q

hamper

A

a large basket that you put dirty clothes in until they can be washed

100
Q

peremptory / pəˈrempt ə ri

A

? behaviour, speech etc is not polite or friendly and shows that the person speaking expects to be obeyed immediately: ; a ? demand for silence بی چون و چرا

101
Q

mon‧arch / ˈmɑːnɑːrk

A

a king or queen ; The bishops were appointed by the ?; Britain is a constitutional ?y ; Some people want the ?y to be abolished.

102
Q

imminent / ˈɪmənənt, ˈɪmɪnənt

A

an event that is ?, especially an unpleasant one, will happen very soon ; ? danger/threat/death/disaster etc ; He was in ? danger of dying. ; A new trade agreement is ? قریب الوقوع

103
Q

impeccable / ɪmˈpekəb ə l

A

She has taught her children ? manners; a bar with ? service ; The food was excellent and the service ?. | a man of ? manners, charm, and sensibility | her mother’s ? taste in clothing | The commission was composed of economists with ? credentials بی عیب و نقص، کامل

104
Q

criticism / ˈkrɪtəsɪz ə m

A

My main ? of the scheme is that it does nothing to help families on low incomes. ;Despite strong ?, the new system is still in place. ;There has been widespread ? of the decision. ;We try to give students constructive ?. ; Another ? levelled at him was that his teaching methods were old-fashioned.

105
Q

pernicious / pərˈnɪʃəs

A

the ? effects of poverty ; the media’s ? influence ; pernicious anemia (very harmful or evil, often in a way that you do not notice easily)

106
Q

precedent / ˈpresɪd ə nt

A

a legal ? ; UN involvement in the country’s affairs would set/creat a dangerous ?. ; ?s for what courts will accept as ‘fair’ ; If we allow this once, it will create a ? ; The decision is important as it could set a legal ? for other similar cases سابقه

107
Q

undermine / ˌʌndərˈmaɪn

A

economic policies that threaten to ? the health care system ; The constant criticism was beginning to ? her confidence. (to gradually make someone or something less strong or effective) بی اثر کردن، ضعیف کردن

108
Q

mess up

A

If there’s any delay, it will ? our whole schedule. (informal) گند زدن

109
Q

adroit / əˈdrɔɪt

A

an ? negotiator (clever and skilful, especially in the way you use words and arguments SYN skilled) حرفه ای (در سخنوری)

110
Q

quorum

A

We need a ? of seven. (the smallest number of people who must be present at a meeting so that official decisions can be made) ; There is no precedent for voting when there is no quorum حد نصاب

111
Q

had the temerity to

A

He actually ? tell her to lose weight.; No one had the temerity to disobey the officer’s peremptory order روش رو داشت

112
Q

had the audacity to

A

I can’t believe he ? ask me for more money! (the quality of having enough courage to take risks or say impolite things)گستاخی و جسارت داشتن

113
Q

summit

A

1 the European ?; The two presidents agreed to hold a ? in the spring. ; a five-nation ? meeting 2 Many people have now reached the ? of Mount Everest. (peak); His election as President represented the ? of his career.

114
Q

compulsory / kəmˈpʌls ə ri

A

the threat of ? redundancies ; ? schooling/education ;11 years of ? education ; Car insurance is ?. OPS: voluntary and optional SYN: mandatory and obligatory اجباری

115
Q

Almighty / ɔːlˈmaɪti

A

the ?/? God/? Father expressions used to talk about God that emphasize His power

116
Q

wheedle / ˈwiːdl

A

the gamblers were trying to ? him into a card game; She even managed to ? more money out of him. ; You have to be able to ? your client into buying. ; Don’t think you can just ? your way in here! خر کردن، گول زدن

117
Q

rustic / ˈrʌstɪk

A

His ? appearance confirmed that fact; The village had a certain ? charm . a ? chair (roughly made from wood)

118
Q

jubilant / ˈdʒuːbələnt, ˈdʒuːbɪlənt /

A

Radicals were ? at getting rid of him. ; The fans were in ? mood as they left the stadium. ; a jubilant expression came over his face(extremely happy and pleased because of a success)

119
Q

furious / ˈfjʊriəs

A

Residents in the area are ? at the decision. ; She was ? with herself for letting things get out of hand. Her family are ? that her name has been published by the press. ; She was absolutely ? (very angry, livid)

120
Q

decorum / dɪˈkɔːrəm

A

He was disciplined for breaching the Senate’s rules of ?.; All of the proper ? was put aside, and ten thousand dollars soon lay on the table ادب

121
Q

discipline

A

The officers were later ?d. (تنبیه کردن) ; Officers are expected to ? soldiers who do not keep their uniforms in good condition; Different cultures have different ways of ?ing their children. (نظم یاددادن) ; Try to ? yourself to write every day.

122
Q

wa‧ger 1 / ˈweɪdʒər

A

SYN bet With the last ? one of the gamblers showed a hand of four kings

123
Q

• sucker / ˈsʌkər• sucker for

A

• His partner was to have dealt the ? a hand of four queens; You fell for that old line? ?! (informal someone who is easily tricked or persuaded to do something) احمق • I’m a total ? seafood. (عاشق یه چیزی که نتونی جلو خودتو بگیری)

124
Q

clan‧des‧tine / klænˈdestən, klænˈdestɪn

A

a ? affair (done or kept secret); ? meetings; his involvement in a ? operation to sell arms to Iran | a ? love affair (secret and often illegal or immoral مخفی)

125
Q

hush-hush

A

He was put in charge of some ? military project. | I’ve no idea what he does – it’s all very ? (informal used about information or activities that are kept officially secret; covert ; confidential ; classified)

126
Q

confederate / kənˈfed ə rət, kənˈfed ə rɪt

A

The young woman was his ?, of course. (formal someone who helps someone else do something, especially something secret or illegal SYN accomplice); a member of a confederacy ; One of the three professional gamblers was a clandestine ? of the “rich cattle farmer.”

127
Q

du‧plic‧i‧ty / duːˈplɪsɪti /

A

two-facedness; “His ? knows no bounds.”; They had been planning this ? for many weeks ; دورویی، تزویر

128
Q

discern / dɪˈsɜːrn

A

Officials were keen to ? how much public support there was. ; A number of differences can be ?ed in the data for the three countries.(understand something by thinking about it carefully) فهمیدنWe could just ? a town in the distance. (to be able to see something by looking carefully SYN perceive)

129
Q

repress

A

Brenda ?ed the urge to shout at him. ; I ?ed a smile. ; He had long ago ?ed the painful memories of his childhood. ; The police were widely criticized for their role in ?ing the protest movement. سرکوب کردن

130
Q

uncouth / ʌnˈkuːθ /

A

Repress your ? manners and act with decorum at the party; Stop being an uncouth gourmand ناهنجار و زشت

131
Q

• coax / koʊks • I managed to coax some money out of/from Dad.

A

• We had to ? Alan into going to school. ; We watched the bear ? its cubs to enter the water. ; Firefighters managed to ? the man down from the roof. ; I tried to ? him to eat a little. (to persuade someone to do something by talking gently and kindly)• I managed to ? some money ? Dad.

132
Q

cajole / kəˈdʒəʊl $ -ˈdʒoʊl

A

He hoped to ? her into selling her house (to persuade someone to do something by praising them or making promises to them)

133
Q

obsession / əbˈseʃ ə n /

A

Gambling became an ? , and he eventually lost everything. ; an unhealthy ? with being thin ; The game pachinko became a national ?. ; In Britain, the weather is a national ? فکر دایمی