400Word_10 Flashcards
re‧sent / rɪˈzent / verb [transitive]
to feel angry or upset about a situation or about something that someone has done, especially because you think that it is not fair خشمگین شدن
resent (somebody) doing something
I resented having to work such long hours.
bitterly/deeply/strongly resent
- She bitterly resented his mother’s influence over him.*
- Paul resented the fact that Carol didn’t trust him.*
mo‧lest / məˈlest / verb [transitive]
— molester noun [countable]
— molestation / ˌməʊleˈsteɪʃ ə n $ ˌmoʊ- / noun [uncountable]:
sexual molestation
1 to attack or harm someone, especially a child, by touching them in a sexual way or by trying to have sex with them SYN abuse: تجاوز کردن
men who molest young boys
2 old-fashioned to attack and physically harm someone: آزار دادن
a dog that was molesting sheep
me‧di‧o‧cre / ˌmiːdiˈəʊkə◂ $ -ˈoʊkər◂ / adjective
— mediocrity / ˌmiːdiˈɒkrəti, ˌmiːdiˈɒkrɪti $ -ˈɑːk- / noun [uncountable]
not very good SYN second rate: حد متوسط
- I thought the book was pretty mediocre.*
- a mediocre student*
on‧look‧er / ˈɒnˌlʊkə $ ˈɑːn-, ˈɒːn- / noun [countable]
someone who watches something happening without being involved in it: تماشاچی
A crowd of onlookers had gathered at the scene of the accident.
spectator
viewer
audience
onlooker
observer
spectator someone who watches an event, especially a sports event:
There were 4,500 spectators at the game. | a crowd of spectators
viewer someone who watches television:
Millions of television viewers listened to the President’s speech. | programmes for younger viewers
audience the people who watch a play or performance, or the people who watch a particular television programme:
The audience roared with laughter and clapped. | It attracted a television audience of seven million.
onlooker someone who watches something happening without being involved in it, especially in the street:
A man was standing on the roof, watched by a crowd of onlookers below.
observer someone who watches and pays attention to particular situations and events, because they are interested in them, or it is their job:
She was a shrewd observer of human nature. | a political observer who writes for The Independent newspaper | The United Nations has sent military observers to the Sudan.
dun‧ga‧rees / ˌdʌŋɡəˈriːz / noun [plural]
2 American English old-fashioned heavy cotton trousers used for working in SYN jeans
When my sister wants to look feminine, she changes from dungarees into a dress
ser‧geant / ˈsɑːdʒ ə nt $ ˈsɑːr- / noun [countable]
a low rank in the army, air force, police etc., or someone who has this rank گروهبان
jock‧ey 1 / ˈdʒɒki $ ˈdʒɑːki / noun [countable]
someone who rides horses in races اسب سوار
jockey 2 verb [intransitive]
to compete strongly to get into the best position or situation, or to get the most power رقابت کردن
jockey for
- photographers jockeying for position at the bar*
- After the war, rival politicians began to jockey for power.*
false
fake
forged
counterfeit / ˈkaʊntəfɪt $ -tər- /
imitation
phony / ˈfəʊni $ ˈfoʊ- / disapproving informal
spurious / ˈspjʊəriəs $ ˈspjʊr- /
false not real, but intended to seem real and deceive people:
He uses a false name.
fake made to look or seem like something else, especially something worth a lot more money:
fake fur | a fake Rolex watch | fake designer goods | a fake $100 bill
forged a forged official document or bank note has been illegally made to look like a real one:
a forged passport | a forged £50 note
counterfeit / ˈkaʊntəfɪt $ -tər- / counterfeit money or goods have been illegally made to look exactly like something else:
How do you detect counterfeit currency? | counterfeit drugs
imitation made to look real – used especially about guns, bombs etc. or about materials:
The two men used an imitation firearm to carry out the robbery. | imitation leather/silk/silver
phony / ˈfəʊni $ ˈfoʊ- / disapproving informal false – used when you think someone is deliberately trying to deceive people:
She put on a phony New York accent. | The doctors were accused of supplying phony medical certificates. | There’s something phony about him. | phony advertisements
spurious / ˈspjʊəriəs $ ˈspjʊr- / false and giving a wrong impression about someone or something:
spurious claims | That’s a spurious argument. | The company was trying to get some spurious respectability by using our name.
ju‧ror / ˈdʒʊərə $ ˈdʒʊrər / noun [countable]
a member of a jury
bi‧noc‧u‧lars / bɪˈnɒkjələz, bɪˈnɒkjʊləz, baɪ- $ -ˈnɑːkjələrz / noun [plural]
a pair of special glasses, that you hold up to your eyes to look at objects that are a long distance away SYN field glasses
With the aid of binoculars, my vision improved enough to see the entire vicinity.
spark plug noun [countable]
a part in a car engine that produces an electric spark to make the petrol mixture start burning شع ماشین
trea‧sur‧er / ˈtreʒərə $ -ər / noun [countable]
someone who is officially responsible for the money for an organization, club, political party etc. خزانه دار
trea‧su‧ry / ˈtreʒəri / noun (plural treasuries)
1 the Treasury (Department) a government department that controls the money that the country collects and spends خزانه
2 [countable] a place in a castle, church, palace etc. where money or valuable objects are kept
mur‧mur 1 / ˈmɜːmə $ ˈmɜːrmər / verb
1 [intransitive and transitive] to say something in a soft quiet voice that is difficult to hear clearly:
- ‘Well done,’ murmured George.*
- The girl murmured something polite, and smiled.*
- Julie turned over and murmured in her sleep.*
2 [intransitive] to make a soft low sound:
The wind murmured through the trees.
— murmuring noun [uncountable and countable]:
murmurings of discontent
whisper
mumble
mutter
murmur
growl
snarl
exclaim
blurt out
stammer/stutter
whisper to say something very quietly, using your breath rather than your full voice:
‘Don’t wake the baby,’ Jenny whispered.
mumble to say something quietly without pronouncing the words clearly:
He mumbled his thanks.
mutter to say something quietly, especially when you are annoyed but do not want someone to hear you complaining:
‘This is ridiculous,’ he muttered under his breath. | She muttered something about having to go home early.
murmur to say something in a soft slow gentle voice:
She stroked his hair and murmured, ‘Don’t worry. You’ll be all right.’
growl to say something in a low angry voice:
‘As I was saying,’ Lewis growled, ‘it needs to be finished today.’
snarl to say something in a nasty angry way:
‘Get out of my way!’ he snarled.
exclaim to say something suddenly and loudly:
‘How beautiful!’ she exclaimed.
blurt out to suddenly say something without thinking, especially something embarrassing or secret:
It was partly nervousness that had made him blurt out the question.
stammer/stutter to speak with a lot of pauses and repeated sounds, because you have a speech problem, or because you are nervous or excited:
‘I’ll, I’ll only be a m-moment,’ he stammered.
com‧et / ˈkɒmət, ˈkɒmɪt $ ˈkɑː- / noun [countable]
an object in space like a bright ball with a long tail, that moves around the sun: ستاره دنباله دار
- Halley’s comet*
- Fiery comet*
blaze 1 / bleɪz / noun
1 fire
a) [countable usually singular] a big dangerous fire – used especially in news reports
It took almost 100 firemen to bring the blaze under control.
fight/tackle/control a blaze
Helicopters were used to help fight the blaze.
house/factory/barn etc. blaze
a huge chemical factory blaze
b) [singular] a fire burning with strong bright flames:
I lit the fire and soon had a cheerful blaze going.
2 light/colour [singular] very bright light or colour → ablaze
blaze of
- the blaze of light from the security lamps*
- The garden is a blaze of colour at this time of year.*
3 blaze of publicity/glory a lot of public attention or success and praise:
- As soon as the trial was over, the blaze of publicity surrounding him vanished.*
- She played the Canada tournament, then retired, going out in a blaze of glory* (= ending her career with a lot of success and praise).
4 [singular] a sudden show of very strong emotion:
A blaze of anger flashed across his face.
5 what the blazes/who the blazes etc. old-fashioned spoken used to emphasize a question when you are annoyed:
What the blazes is going on here?
6 like blazes old-fashioned spoken as fast, as much, or as strongly as possible:
We had to run like blazes.
7 [countable usually singular] a white mark, especially one down the front of a horse’s face
fight a blaze
control a blaze
bring a blaze under control
put out/extinguish a blaze
a blaze breaks out (also a blaze starts)
a blaze spreads
a house/factory/car etc. blaze
fight a blaze Nearly 80 firefighters fought the blaze for three hours on Sunday.
control a blaze It took more than an hour to control the blaze at the hotel.
bring a blaze under control For more than four hours they battled to bring the blaze under control.
put out/extinguish a blaze Staff managed to put out the blaze before firemen arrived.
a blaze breaks out (also a blaze starts) The blaze broke out on the third floor of the building.
a blaze spreads The blaze quickly spread to a neighboring house.
a house/factory/car etc. blaze (= a burning house/factory/car etc) Three people were badly hurt in a house blaze.
fire
flames
blaze written
inferno written
conflagration / ˌkɒnfləˈɡreɪʃ ə n $ ˌkɑːn- / formal
fire flames that burn in an uncontrolled way and destroy or damage things: In April, a fire at the school destroyed the science block. | a forest fire
flames the bright parts of a fire that you see burning in the air: The flames from the burning building were lighting up the night sky.
blaze written a large and dangerous fire – used especially in news reports: Firemen fought to keep the blaze under control.
inferno written an extremely large and dangerous fire which is out of control – used especially in news reports: The entire building was on fire and hundreds of people were trapped in the inferno.
conflagration / ˌkɒnfləˈɡreɪʃ ə n $ ˌkɑːn- / formal a very large fire that destroys a lot of buildings, trees etc.: The conflagration spread rapidly through the old town.
spec‧tac‧u‧lar 1 / spekˈtækjələ, spekˈtækjʊlə $ -ər / adjective
— spectacularly adverb
1 very impressive: تماشایی
- a mountainous area with spectacular scenery*
- a spectacular success*
2 very sudden, unexpected, or extreme: ناگهانی
The news caused a spectacular fall in the stock market.
impressive
dazzling
breathtaking
spectacular
awe-inspiring
majestic [usually before noun]
imposing [usually before noun] written
impressive used about something that people admire because it is very good, large, important etc.:
The cathedral is very impressive. | The drug has shown some impressive results.
dazzling extremely impressive – used especially when someone does something very well or looks very beautiful:
a dazzling performance | a dazzling smile
breathtaking extremely impressive – used especially about beautiful views, or the fast speed of something:
The views of the Rocky Mountains are simply breathtaking. | The economy is growing at a breathtaking pace.
spectacular very impressive and exciting to look at or watch:
a spectacular fireworks display
awe-inspiring so impressive that you feel great respect and admiration, or you feel rather frightened:
Michelangelo’s masterpiece is awe-inspiring. | The volcano was an awe-inspiring sight.
majestic [usually before noun] very impressive because of being big and beautiful:
the majestic mountain scenery | a majestic animal
imposing [usually before noun] written used about buildings and people that are large and impressive:
the imposing entrance hall | The bishop was an imposing figure.
stum‧ble / ˈstʌmb ə l / verb [intransitive]
— stumble noun [countable]
1 to hit your foot against something or put your foot down awkwardly while you are walking or running, so that you almost fall پای آدم به جایی خوردن، سکندری خوردن
In her hurry, she stumbled and spilled the milk all over the floor.
stumble over/on
Vic stumbled over the step as he came in.
2 to walk in an unsteady way and often almost fall SYN stagger
stumble in/out/across etc.
He stumbled upstairs and into bed.
3 to stop or make a mistake when you are reading to people or speaking
stumble over/at/through
I hope I don’t stumble over any of the long words.
fall (also fall over, fall down)
trip on/over something
slip
stumble
collapse
lose your balance
fall flat on your face
fall (also fall over, fall down) to suddenly go down onto the floor when standing, walking, or running:
She fell on the stairs and broke her ankle. | Children are always falling over.
trip on/over something to fall or almost fall when you hit your foot against something:
Someone might trip over those toys. | I tripped on a piece of wood.
slip to fall or almost fall when you are walking on a wet or very smooth surface:
She slipped and hurt her ankle. | I was scared I would slip on the highly polished floor.
stumble to almost fall when you put your foot down in an awkward way:
He stumbled and almost fell. | One of our porters stumbled on the rough ground.
collapse to fall suddenly and heavily to the ground, especially when you become unconscious:
One of the runners collapsed halfway through the race.
lose your balance to become unsteady so that you start to fall over:
She lost her balance on the first step and fell down the stairs. | Have something to hold onto, in case you lose your balance.
fall flat on your face to fall forwards so you are lying on your front on the ground:
She fell flat on her face getting out of the car.
stumble on/across/upon something phrasal verb
to find or discover something by chance and unexpectedly SYN come across: یدفعه یافتن
Researchers have stumbled across a drug that may help patients with Parkinson’s disease.
scout 1 / skaʊt / noun [countable]
1 پیشاهنگ
a) the Scouts an organization for boys that teaches them practical skills
b) (also boy scout) a boy who is a member of this organization
2 (also Girl Scout) American English a girl who is a member of an organization for girls that teaches them practical things
3 a soldier, plane etc. that is sent to search the area in front of an army and get information about the enemy:
He sent three scouts ahead to take a look at the bridge.
4 (also talent scout) someone whose job is to look for good sports players, musicians etc. in order to employ them:
He was spotted by a scout at the age of 13.
ob‧ser‧vant / əbˈzɜːv ə nt $ -ɜːr- / adjective
1 good or quick at noticing things: هوشیار
- a quiet and observant person*
- Supervisors are trained to be observant.*
- the writer’s observant eye for detail*
2 obeying laws, religious rules etc.: مراعات کننده
observant Jews
haz‧y / ˈheɪzi / adjective
— hazily adverb
— haziness noun [uncountable]
1 air that is hazy is not clear because there is a lot of smoke, dust, or mist in it: مثل هوای تهران
hazy sunshine
2 an idea, memory etc. that is hazy is not clear or exact SYN vague: مبهم
My memories of the holiday are rather hazy.
hazy about
She was a little hazy about the details.
cloudy
grey
overcast
leaden literary
gloomy
foggy
misty
hazy
cloudy with a lot of clouds:
The weather was cold and cloudy. | cloudy skies
grey (also gray American English) grey in colour, because there are dark clouds – used especially in written descriptions:
Mary looked out at the cold grey sky.
overcast dark and completely covered with clouds:
a chilly overcast day
leaden literary a leaden sky is grey and full of dark clouds:
Snow fell from a leaden sky.
gloomy dark and cloudy, in a depressing way:
The gloomy weather shows no sign of improving.
foggy with thick low cloud that is difficult to see through. You use foggy especially about low-lying places:
a foggy day in London in November
misty with light low cloud that is difficult to see through. You use misty especially about places that are next to water or in the mountains:
a cold misty morning
hazy with air that looks cloudy, because there is smoke, dust, or mist in it:
hazy sunshine
hast‧y / ˈheɪsti / adjective
1 done in a hurry, especially with bad results SYN hurried: شتاب زده
- He soon regretted his hasty decision.*
- a hasty breakfast*
2 be hasty to do something too soon, without careful enough thought:
Let’s not be hasty – sit down for a moment.
gleam 2 noun [countable]
1 a small pale light, especially one that shines for a short time SYN glimmer یه لحظه نور
gleam of
They saw a sudden gleam of light.
2 the brightness of something that shines SYN glint برق چیزی
gleam of
the gleam of gold and diamonds
3 an emotion or expression that appears for a moment on someone’s face
gleam of
- She saw a gleam of amusement in his eyes.*
- Rose looked at me with a furious gleam in her eyes.*
4 something is a gleam in sb’s eye used to say that something is being planned or thought about, but does not yet exist:
In those days, CD-ROMs were still just a gleam in the eye of some young engineer.
gleam 1 / ɡliːm / verb [intransitive]
— gleaming adjective:
gleaming white walls
1 to shine softly SYN glimmer:
His teeth gleamed under his moustache.
gleam with
The wooden panelling was gleaming with wax polish.
2 if your eyes or face gleam with a feeling, they show it SYN glint
gleam with
He laughed, his eyes gleaming with amusement.
sparkle/glitter
gleam
glint
glisten literary
catch the light
sparkle/glitter if something sparkles, it shines with many small bright points when light is on it: The sea sparkled in the sunlight. | Jewels glittered around her neck.
gleam to shine by reflecting the light – used especially about smooth clean surfaces, or about someone’s eyes or teeth: The sword’s blade gleamed. | a gleaming sports car | His blue eyes gleamed with amusement.
glint to shine with quick flashes of light: The knife glinted in the sunlight.
glisten literary to shine – used about wet or oily surfaces. Used especially when saying that someone’s eyes are full of tears, or someone’s skin is covered in sweat: As they were leaving, her eyes glistened with tears. | His forehead was glistening with sweat. | The wet chairs glistened in the afternoon sun.
catch the light if something catches the light, it shines because it is reflecting light: Her diamond ring caught the light.
gloom / ɡluːm / noun [singular, uncountable]
1 literary almost complete darkness: ظلمات
He peered into the gathering (= increasing) gloom.
2 a feeling of great sadness and lack of hope: افسردگی
a time of high unemployment and economic gloom
be filled with gloom
be sunk in gloom
cast (a) gloom over something
dispel/lift the gloom
gloom deepens
gloom lifts
be filled with gloom She was filled with gloom as she looked around the place.
be sunk in gloom (= feel very sad and hopeless) She made several attempts at conversation but the boy was sunk in gloom.
cast (a) gloom over something (= make people feel sad) His ill health had cast a gloom over the Christmas holidays.
dispel/lift the gloom (= make people feel less sad) Now for some good news to dispel the gloom.
gloom deepens (= people feel more sad) The party’s gloom deepened as the election results came in.
gloom lifts (= people stop feeling sad) Germany’s gloom lifted when Stallkamp scored a goal.
doom and gloom
economic gloom
deep gloom
a general gloom
doom and gloom (= when there seems no hope) The picture is not all doom and gloom - some tourist areas are still drawing in the crowds.
economic gloom It was a year of economic gloom for the car industry.
deep gloom There was deep gloom about the future.
a general gloom (= when many people feel there is not much hope) Amid the general gloom, there are some positive signs.
rave 2 noun [countable]
1 a big event where people dance to loud music with a strong beat and often take drugs:
- an all-night rave*
- rave music*
- rave parties*
→ raver
2 strong praise for a new play, book etc.:
The play got raves from the critics.