Week 8 - CNS Antipsychotics Flashcards
What is the Dopamine hypothesis of Schizophrenia?
- excessive dopamine activation
- increased density of dopamine receptors
- treatment to decrease dopamine
What are the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia clincial features?
Positive
-hallucinations and delusions of thought
Negative
-social withdrawal and reduction in emotions
What are the two types of Antipsychotics?
Typical (Older)
Atypical (Newer)
What are the characteristics of Typical antipsychotics?
- first generation
- broad spectrum
- non-specific
What are the characteristics of Atypical antipsychotics?
- second generation
- less unwanted side-effects
- greater potency
What is the distinction between typical and atypical antipsychotics?
- receptor profile
- incidence of side effects
- efficacy in treatment resistant patients
What are the 4 major extrapyramidal side-effects of Antipsychotics?
- Parkinsonism = tremor or rigidity)
- Dystonia = grimace, spasticity)
- Akasthisia = pacing, fridgiting)
- Tardive dyskinesia = long term use, involuntary movements of face and tongue
What are the 2 Typical antipsychotics?
Phenothiazines
- Chlorpromazine
- Haloperidol
What are the characteristics of Chlorpromazine?
- low potency
- sedative side-effects
What are the characteristics of Haloperidol?
- non-selective receptor binding
- does not cause sedation
- extrapyramidal effects
What are two types of Atypical antipsychotics?
Repiridone
Clozapine
What are the characterisitics of Respiridone?
- high affinity for 5-HT receptors
- less parkinsonism effects
- weight gain
What are the characterisitcs of Clozapine?
used when others dont work
cause agranulocytosis
