Week 1 - Pharmacodynamics Review Questions Flashcards
What are the 4 main Drug Targets?
- Enzymes
- Carrier molecules
- Ion channels
- Receptors
What is an example of an Enzyme and drugs which affect them?
COX - cyclooxygenase
inhibited by Aspirin
What is an example of a Carrier Molecule and drugs which affect them?
Na/K/ATPase
Inhibitor- Digitalis
What is an example of a Receptor and drugs which affect them?
‘mu’ receptor
Agonist-Morphine
Antagonist-Naloxone
What is the difference between affinity and efficacy?
- Affinity is the ability to bind to a receptor, efficacy is the ability to elicit a response.
What is the difference between a full agonist and a partial agonist
- A full agonist has high efficacy can achieve maximum response
- a partial agonist has low efficacy and cannot achieve maximum response regardless of concentration.
What is the difference between;
Reversible, Irreversible and Competitive Antagonism?
Reversible can be removed by an agonist
Irreversible cannot be removed by an agonist
Competitive can be removed if there is a high enough concentration of agonist.
How would you determine if an antagonist was competitive?
the disassociation agonist curve is shifted to the right in parallel
List ALL the different types of drug targets
- ligand-gated ion channels
- G-protein coupled receptors
- kinase-linked receptors (growth factors, cytokines)
- Nuclear receptor (regulate gene transcription).
- enzymes
- carrier molecules
- ion channels.
Given an example of a Ligand-gated ion channel, and drugs which interact with them.
nicotinic ACh receptor
- Agonist - Nicotine
- Antagonist - Tubocurarine
Given an example of a G-protein coupled receptors, and drugs which interact with them.
B-adrenoceptors
- Agonist - Adrenaline
- Antagonist - Propranolol
Given an example of a kinase-linked receptor, and drugs which interact with them.
Insuline Receptor
- Agonist - Insulin
- Antagonist - Glucagon
Given an example of a Nuclear receptor, and drugs which interact with them.
Oestrogen receptor
- Agonist - Ethinylestradiol
- Antagonist - Tamoxifen
Given an example of a Enzyme drug target, and drugs which interact with them.
Cyclooxygenase (COX)
-Inhibitors- Aspirin
Given an example of a carrier molecule, and drugs which interact with them.
Noradrenaline Transporter
- Inhibitor - Tricyclic antidepressant
- False Substrates - Amphetamine
