Week 7- Cardiovascular Pathophysiology Flashcards

1
Q

What law relates initial fibre length to strength of contraction?

A

Frank Starling Law

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What law relates the pressure on a wall to the transmural pressure and radius of the vessel?

A

Law of LaPlace

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the fibrous bands of connective tissue that connect the heart valves to the papillary muscle?

A

Chordae tendinae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Whats on the x axis of the Frank Starling curve?

A

Preload

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Whats on the y axis of the Frank Starling curve?

A

Cardiac output

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How does the Frank Starling curve move during exercise?

A

It becomes steeper and cardiac output is higher (therefore plateaus at a higher level)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How does the Frank Starling curve move during heart failure?

A

It becomes less steep and cardiac output is lower (plateaus at a lower level)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What would happen to the resistance in vessels after prolonged hypertension?

A

It increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What would happen to vessels after prolonged hypertension?

A

Vessel walls thicken, lumen decreases in size, radius of the whole vessel stays the same

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What 2 physiological factors affect heart rate?

A

Autonomic nervous systemic (both sympathetic and parasympathetic)
Baroreceptor reflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What 3 factors affect stroke volume?

A

Preload
Afterload
Contractility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which neurotransmitter decreases heart rate? What system is it involved with?

A

Acetylcholine- via parasympathetic system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which neurotransmitter increases heart rate? What system is it involved with?

A

Adrenaline- via sympathetic nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Who may have an increased stroke volume?

A

Pregnant women, athletes, during exercise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Who may have a reduced stroke volume?

A

After a heart attack, those with hypertension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What membrane lines the thorax and lungs?

A

Pleura

17
Q

What is the FVC

A

The max vol of air that can be exhaled following a deep inhalation

18
Q

What happens to alveolar ventilation when dead space increases?

A

Alveolar ventilation becomes lower

19
Q

What is maximum ventilation?

A

137 L/min

20
Q

What 2 factors impact maximum ventilation?

A

Age and sex

21
Q

What is the limiting factor for maximum ventilation?

A

Respiratory muscle fatigue

22
Q

What is maximum cardiac output?

A

25 L/min

23
Q

What happens to the flow volume loop in restrictive disease?

A

Volume is lower, flow rate during both inspiration and expiration decreases

24
Q

What happens to the flow volume loop when theres fixed airway obstruction?

A

Volume remains the same but flow rate during inspiration and expiration decreases